Kulkarni’s Academy of Mechanical Engineering

All India Scholarship Test Paper

General Aptitude (GA)

Note: Q.1 to Q.5 carry ONE mark each and Q.6 to Q.10 carry two marks each
Q.1 The average price of 3 diamonds of same weight is Rs. 5 crore, where the average price of the two
costliest diamonds is double the price of the cheapest diamonds. The price of the cheapest diamond is
(A) 3 crore
(B) 5 crore
(C) 1.66 crore
(D) Can’t be determined
Ans. (A)
Sol. Let the price of A  B  C
A+ B
Then = 2C
2
A + B = 4C
Now, A + B + C = 5  3 = 15 crore

5C = 15 crore

C = 3 crore
The price of cheapest diamond is 3 crore.
Q.2 A and B are married couple, X and Y are brothers. X is the brother of A. How is Y related to B?
(A) Brother in law
(B) Brother
(C) Son-in-law
(D) Cousin
Ans. (A)
Sol. A and B are Husband and Wife, since X and Y are brothers and X is the brother of A, Y is also the brother
of A. Thus Y is the brother-in-law of B.
Hence, the correct option is (A).

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Q.3 If * means adding six times of second number into first number, Then find the value of (1*2)*3 .

(A) 121
(B) 31
(C) 93
(D) 91
Ans. (B)
Sol. 1*2 = 1 + 2  6 = 13

13*3 = 13 + 3  6 = 31
Q.4 Kiran Bhoi is confident of speaking English _____ six months as he has been practicing regularly _________
last three weeks
(A) For, Since
(B) Within, For
(C) During, For
(D) For, In
Ans. (B)
Q.5 His knowledge of the subject was excellent but his classroom performance was ______
(A) Extremely poor
(B) Praise worthy
(C) Desirable
(D) Good
Ans. (A)
Q.6 Select the word that fit the analogy
Cook: Cook : : Fly : _______
(A) Flyer
(B) Flying
(C) Flew
(D) Flighter
Ans. (A)

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Sol. Relation is verb: noun

Q.7 Rajesh project report consists of 25 pages each of 60 lines with 75 characters on each line. In case the
number of lines is reduced to 55 but the number of characters is increased to 90 per lines. What is the
percentage change in the number of pages? (Assume the number of pages to be a whole number).
(A) +10 %
(B) +5 %
(C) −8%

(D) −10%

Ans. (C)
Sol. Total characters in report = 25  60  75
Let the new no. of pages be n
Then n 55  90 = 25  60  75

n = 22.72
This means that report would require 23 pages.
Therefore, the percentage drop in number of pages is 8 %.
Q.8 If P = 3, R= 27, T = 243, then Q + S = _________
(A) 110
(B) 80
(C) 90
(D) 40
Ans. (C)
Sol. P =3, R = 27, T= 243
P = 31 Q = 32 R = 33 S= 34 T =35
Q = 9 S= 81
Q + S = 90

Q.9 ‘A’ can build up a wall in 8 days while ‘B’ can break it in 3 days. ‘A’ has worked for 4 days and then ‘B’
joined to work with ‘A’ for another 2 days only. In how many days will ‘A’ alone build up the remaining
part of wall?

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 1
(A) 13 days
3
1
(B) 7 days
3
1
(C) 6 days
3
(D) 7 days
Ans. (B)
1
Sol. A’s one day work = th work
8
1
B’s one day work = rd work
3
1 1
 A’s 4 day’s work = 4  = nd work
8 2

1 1 1
 In next two days, total wall = + 2  − 2 
2 8 3
1
= th wall
12
1 11
Remaining wall = 1 − = th
12 12
1
Now, th wall is built up by A in one day.
8
11 11 1
th wall is built up by A in 8  = 7 days
12 12 3
Q.10 In a football championship 153 matched were played. Every team played one match with each other
team. How many teams participated in the championship?
(A) 21
(B) 18
(C) 17
(D) 15
Ans. (B)
Sol. Let total no. of teams participated in a championship be n.
Since, every team played one match with each other team.
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 n!
n
C2 = 153  = 153
2!(n − 2)!

n(n − 1)
= 153
2

n2 − n − 306 = 0

n2 −18n + 17n − 306 = 0

n(n −18) + 17(n −18) = 0

n = 18, − 17

n cannot be negative
 n = 18

Q.1 to Q.25 Carry ONE Mark Each

Q.1 The unit of elastic modulus is same as those of

(A) Stress, shear modulus and pressure (B) Strain, shear modulus and force
(C) Shear modulus, stress and force (D) Stress, strain and pressure
Ans. (A)
Sol. The units of elastic modulus, stress, shear modulus and pressure are same (N/m2 ) .
Q.2 A mixture of gases expands from 0.03 m3 to 0.06 m3 at a constant pressure of 1 MPa and adsorbs 84 kJ
of heat during the process. The change in internal energy of the mixture is
(A) 30 kJ (B) 54 kJ (C) 84 kJ (D) 114 kJ
Ans. (B)
Sol.

Work = P(V2 − V1 )

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 W = 1000(0.06 − 0.03)
W = 30 kJ
dQ = dU + dW
84 = dU + 30
dU = 54 kJ
Q.3 The value of Poisson’s ratio at which the shear modulus of an isotropic material is equal to the bulk
modulus is
1 1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 4 6 8
Ans. (D)
Sol. 𝐸 = 2𝐺(1 + 𝑣)
𝑬 = 𝟑𝐾(𝟏 − 𝟐𝒗)
𝟐𝑮(𝟏 + 𝒗) = 𝟑𝐾(𝟏 − 𝟐𝒗)
𝑮 = 𝐾 (given)
2(1 + v) = 3(1 − 2v)
2 + 2v = 3 − 6v
8v = 1
1
v=
8
Q.4 A body floating in a liquid is in a stable equilibrium if its
(A) Metacenter lies above its center of gravity
(B) Metacenter lies below its center of gravity
(C) Metacenter coincide with its center of gravity
(D) Centre of gravity is below its center of buoyancy
Ans. (A)
Sol.

Q.5 The state of stress represented by Mohr’s circle shown in the figure is

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 (A) Uniaxial tension (B) Biaxial tension of equal magnitude
(C) Hydrostatic stress (D) Pure shear
Ans. (D)
Sol.

 x −  y 
2
 x +  y 
C , 0 R=   +  xy
2

 2   2 
x =  y = 0  xy = 

 0−0
2

C(0, 0) R=   + =
2

 2 

Q.6 An incompressible fluid flows over a thin flat plate. The free stream flows parallel to the surface of the
plate along its length and its velocity is constant. Value of Reynold’s number at a distance of 2 m from
the leading edge of the plate is 8000. The flow within the boundary layer at a distance of 1 m from the
leading edge of the plate is
(A) Laminar (B) Turbulent
(C) Transitioning from laminar to turbulent (D) Inviscid
Ans. (A)
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Sol.

Up to x m( 2 m) , the flow in the boundary layer is laminar. Hence at a distance of 1 m from the leading
edge, the flow is laminar.
Q.7 The plane stress condition is given by
(A) zz = 0,  yz = 0,  zx = 0

(B)  zz = 0,  yz = 0,  zx = 0
(C) 𝜎𝑧𝑧 ≠ 0, 𝜏𝑦𝑧 ≠ 0, 𝜏𝑧𝑥 ≠ 0
(D) zz  0,  yz  0,  zx  0
Ans. (B)
Sol. For plane stress,  zz = 0,  yz = 0,  zx = 0 .

Q.8 The dry bulb temperature (DBT) and wet bulb temperature (WBT) at the inlet of air stream are 300 C
and 250 C respectively. The corresponding values at the outlet of air stream are 260 C and 250 C
respectively. The psychometric process that occurs in the air stream is
(A) Latent cooling (B) Sensible cooling
(C) Condensation (D) Evaporative cooling
Ans. (D)
Sol.

1 – 2 is evaporative cooling.
Q.9 A sample has a thermal diffusivity of 1.282 10−6 m2 /s . Specific heat 900 J/kg-K and density 2600 kg/m3
. The thermal conductivity of the sample in W/m-K is ______.
Ans. 3

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Range: 2.8 to 3.1
K
Sol. =
C p
K = C p

K = 1.282 10−6  2600  900

K = 2.999 W/mK
Q.10 A heavily cold worked metal will
(A) Possess a lower driving force for recrystallization.
(B) Yield a coarser recrystallized grain size.
(C) Have a higher energy barrier for nucleation of recrystallized grains.
(D) Recrystallize at lower temperatures.
Ans. (D)
Q.11 In rolling, for the sheet to be drawn into rolls, the angle of contact (angle of bite) should be less than or
equal to ______ degree. The coefficient of friction between sheet and roll is 0.1.
Ans. 5.71
Range: 5.6 to 5.8
Sol. If  is the angle of contact
  tan 
Or tan −1   
Or   tan −1 
  tan −1 (0.1)
  5.710
Q.12 Beach marks are observed on the fractures surfaces of metal after a _______.
(A) Creep test (B) Fatigue test
(C) Impact test (D) Compression test
Ans. (B)
Q.13 During upset forging, and considering friction, which of the following profiles represents the axial
compressive stress?
In these profiles, the absolute value of the axial compressive stress is plotted on y-axis.

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 (A) (B)

(C) (D)

Ans. (A)
Q.14 A rod is elastically deformed by a uniaxial stress resulting in a strain of 0.02. If the Poisson’s ratio is 0.3,
the volumetric strain is ______.
Ans. 0.008
Range: 0.006 to 0.010
Sol. = 0.02, v = 0.3

x = 0.02, y = −v x , z = −v x

Volumetric strain, (v ) =x + y + z

=x −v x −v x
v =x (1 − 2v)
v = 0.02(1 − 2  0.3)
v = 0.008
Q.15 Schematic diagram shows rolling of a slab. P and Q are points on the surface of the work piece near
entrance and exit, respectively. With reference to the workpiece, which one of the following statements
is TRUE?

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 (A) Frictional force is along rolling direction at both P and Q.
(B) Frictional force is opposite to rolling direction at both P and Q.
(C) Frictional force is along rolling direction at P and opposite to rolling direction at Q.
(D) Frictional force is opposite to rolling direction at P and along rolling direction at Q.
Ans. (C)
Sol.

N → Neutral point
PN → Lagging zone
NQ → Leading zone
Q.16 The operation NOT associated with casting is
(A) Gating (B) Fettling
(C) Stack molding (D) Calendaring
Ans. (D)
Q.17 The figure shows two bodies A and B. The body B is placed on the ground and the body A is placed on
top of it. The weights of A and B are WA and WB , respectively. The bodies are at rest and all the surfaces
are assumed to be frictionless. R represents reaction force, if any between the bodies.

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 The correct free body diagram of the body A is

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Ans. (B)
Q.18 A truss with two bars PR and QR, making angles  and  , respectively, with the vertical, is shown in the
figure. The connections at P, Q and R are hinged connections. The truss supports a body of weight W (in
N) at R as shown. The tension in the bar QR (in N) is

W sin 
(A)
cos( + )
W cos 
(B)
sin( + )
W cos 
(C)
cos( + )
W sin 
(D)
sin( + )
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Ans. (D)
Sol. From Lamis theorem

W TQR
=
sin( + ) sin(180 − )
W sin(180 − )
TQR =
sin( + )
W sin 
TQR =
sin( + )
Q.19 Ratio of specific heats for an ideal gas is given by
1 1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
R C C R
1− 1− p 1+ p 1+
Cp R R Cp
Ans. (A)
Cp
Sol. Ratio of specific heats =
Cv
C p − Cv = R
Cv = C p − R
Cp Cp
=
Cv Cp − R
Cp Cp
=
Cv  R 
C p 1 − 
 C
 p 
Cp 1
=
Cv R
1−
Cp
Q.20 The air standard efficient of Diesel cycle will be less than that of Otto cycle in the case of
(A) Same compression ratio and same heat input
(B) Same maximum pressure and same heat input

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 (C) Same maximum pressure and same output
(D) Same maximum pressure and same maximum temperature
Ans. (A)
Sol.

1 − 2 − 3 − 4 → Otto cycle
1 − 2 − 3'− 4' → Diesel cycle
For the same heat supply, heat rejection is more in diesel cycle and hence it is less efficient.
Q.21 Which of the following is real part of the complex number Z = log e (3+4i), where i = √−1
(A) Loge3 (B) Loge5 (C) Loge12 (D) None
Ans. (B)
Sol. The given complex number can be written in polar form as
−1 (4)
Z = Loge[5𝑒 𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑛 3 ]
4
= Loge5 + 𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (3)

Therefore, the real part is Loge5

dy
Q.22 An integrating factor of the differential equation (1 − x 2 ) − xy = 1 is ________
dx
x 1
(A) − x (B) (C) 1 − x2 (D) log e (1 − x 2 )
1 − x2 2
Ans. (C)
−x
Sol. IF =  dx
e
1 − x2
1
log (1− x 2 )
 e 2

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  1 − x2

Q.23 In Newton cotes formula if f ( x) is interpolated at equally spaced nodes by a polynomial of degree two,
and then it represents ________
1
(A) Trapezoidal rule (B) Simpson’s rd rule
3
(C) Simpson’s three eight rule (D) Weddle’s rule
Ans. (B)
1
Sol. According to theory of Newton cotes formula, the degree of polynomial for Simpson rd rule is two.
3
Therefore answer is “B”
1
Q.24 The probability that a teacher will give an un announced test during any class is . If a student is absent
5
twice, then the probability that the student misses at least one test is ________
2 4 7 9
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 5 25 25
Ans. (D)
Sol. Required probability
= 1 − P (Student does not miss any test)

= 1 − P (The teacher does not give the test on both days)

 1  1
= 1 − 1 −  1 − 
 5  5

16 9
= 1− =
25 25

1 1 0
 −1 1 2 
Q.25 Let M =  then the rank of M is equal to
2 2 0
 
 −1 0 1

(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 2 (D) 1

Ans. (C)
Sol. The given matrix converts into row echelon form as follows

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 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0
 −1 
1 2 0 
2 2 0 1 1 
 → →
2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
     
 −1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0

The number of non zero rows is equal to 2

Therefore Rank = 2

Q.26 to Q.55 Carry TWO Marks Each

Q.26 The figure shows the T-S diagram for a turbine stage.

Assuming specific heat ratio of 1.33 for hot gases, the isentropic efficiency (in percentage) of turbine
stage is ______
Ans. 87.89
Range: 86.5 to 88.5
−1
T2 '  P2 '  
Sol. = 
T1  P1 
1.33−1
T2 '  2.5  1.33
= 
1050  7.8 
T2 ' = 791.73 K
T1 − T2 1050 − 823
= = = 0.8789
T1 − T2 ' 1050 − 791.73
 = 87.89%
Q.27 A beam of length 1 m is rigidly supported (fixed) at one end and simply supported at the other. Under
the action of a uniformly distributed load of 10 N/m, the magnitude of normal reaction force at the
simply supported end is ______ N.

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Ans. 3.75
Range: 3.74 to 3.76
Wl 4
Sol. Due to uniformly distributed load, the downward deflection at the free end is
8EI
RL3
Due to point load, the deflection at the free end is (R = reaction)
3EI
Wl 4 RL3
=
8EI 3EI
3Wl
R=
8
10 1 3
R= = 3.75 N
8
Q.28 Heat transfer occurs through composite wall made of brick and polyurethane foam insulation (thickness
and thermal conductivity values are given below). If the exposed surfaces of brick and insulation are at
450 C and 100 C respectively. The temperature at the interface of brick and insulation in 0 C is _______.
Material Thickness (mm) Thermal conductivity (W/mK)
Brick 100 0.30
Insulation 150 0.05

Ans. 41.5
Range: 41.4 to 41.6
Sol.

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 KAT
Q=
L
Q K T
= = constant
A L
 K T   K T 
  = 
 L brick  L insulation
0.3  (45 − T2 ) 0.05(T2 − 10)
=
100 150
T2 = 41.50 C
Q.29 Two ends of a differential manometer are connected at two points on a pipe carrying oil. The manometer
shows difference in mercury level of 20 cm. The specific gravity of oil and mercury are 0.8 and 13.6,
respectively. The density of water is 1000 kg/m3 and g = 9.81 m/s2 . At the same two points in pipe, the
difference of pressure in N/m2 is
(A) 25.11
(B) 251.14
(C) 25113.6
(D) 251136.00
Ans. (C)
Sol.

P1 + 0 g ( H + 0.2) − Hg g (0.2) − 0 gH = P2

P1 − P2 = Hg g 0.2 − 0 g (0.2)

P1 − P2 = (Hg − 0 ) g  0.2

P1 − P2 = (13.6 − 0.8) 103  9.81 0.2

P1 − P2 = 25113.6 N/m2
Q.30 A water tank of 2 m diameter has an orifice of 0.1 m diameter at the bottom. Water enters the tank
steadily at a flow rate of 20 liter/sec and escapes through the orifice. The coefficient of discharge of
orifice is 0.8. Consider the acceleration due to gravity as 9.81 m/s2 and neglect frictional losses. The
height of the water level (in meter) in the tank at the steady state, is _______.
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Ans. 0.52
Range: 0.50 to 0.53
Sol.

As the flow is steady, water entering the tank = water leaving the tank
Discharge through orifice = 20 10−3 m3 /s
Q = AV
 2
Q= d0 VCd0
4

20 10−3 = 0.8  (0.1) 2  V
4
V = 3.1831 m/s
V = 2 gh

3.1831 = 2  9.81 h
h = 0.5164 m
Q.31 Match the products in Column-I with the manufacturing process in Column-II.
Column-I Column-II
P. Blades of gas turbine 1. Sand casting
Q. Seamless tubing 2. Extrusion
R. Automotive cylinder blocks 3. Powder metallurgy and wire drawing
S. Tungsten filament 4. Investment casting

(A) P – 1, Q – 2, R – 3, S – 4 (B) P – 2, Q – 3, R – 1, S – 4
(C) P – 4, Q – 1, R – 2, S – 3 (D) P – 4, Q – 2, R – 1, S – 3
Ans. (D)

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  
Q.32 The S-N curve for a steel is shown below. If the stress ratio,  min  = −0.8 , the maximum stress (in MPa)
 max 
that the steel can with stand for infinite fatigue life is

Ans. 333.3
Range: 330 to 335
max − min
Sol. Stress amplitude =
2
The endurance limit (stress amplitude) from the figure is 300 MPa
max − min
= 300
2
max − min = 600
min
= −0.8
max
min = −0.8max
max − (−0.8max ) = 600
600
max = = 333.3 MPa
1.8
Q.33 True stress-strain behavior of a metal is given by the flow curve equation  = 1750 0.37 , where  is in
MPa. The true stress at necking (in MPa) is _______.
Ans. 1211
Range: 1180 to 1240
Sol. For necking, = n
 = K n
K = 1750, n = 0.37
true at necking is
 = 1750(0.37)0.37
 = 1211 MPa
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Q.34 A linear programming problem of m  n type can be solved by graphical method only when
(A) n  2, m = n (B) n  2, m  n
(C) n = 2, m  n (D) n = 2, m  n
Where, m = number of constraints
n = Number of decision variables
Ans. (C)
Sol. For solving a LPP with graphical approach, the necessary condition is n = 2, m  n .
i.e. number of decision variables equal to 2 and the number of constraints must be greater than 2.
Note: To enclose an area on a plane by using straight lines at least three lines are required.
Q.35 A disc rolls without slipping and has the angular motion shown in figure. The acceleration of point A at
this instant is _______ m/s 2 .

Ans. 50
Range:50 to 50
Sol. As disc is under pure rotation, tangential acceleration at point A will be zero.

Acceleration of point A will be

|𝑎𝐴 | = √(𝑟𝜔2)2 + 02
aA = r2 = 0.5 102 = 50 m/s2
Q.36 In a centrifugal governor, the controlling force is observed to be 14 N when radius of rotation is 2 cm
and 38 N when radius of rotation is 8 cm. The governor
(A) Stable governor
(B) Unstable governor
(C) An isochronous governor
(D) Data is insufficient
Ans. (B)

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 dF 38 − 14
Sol. = =4
dr 8−2
F1 14
= =7
r1 2
F2 38
= = 4.75
r2 8
dF F1 dF F2
 and 
dr r1 dr r2
So it is unstable
Q.37 A 40 W incandescent bulb at 1250 C is kept in 250 C quiescent air. The bulb is a sphere of 50 mm
diameter. Percentage of the power lost by free convection is _______.
Use NU = 0.6(Gr  Pr)0.25
At 750 C → v = 20.55 10−6 m2 /s
k = 0.03 W/m-K
Pr = 0.693
Ans. 19.48
Range: 19 to 20
gTL3
Sol. Gr =
v2
1
=
Tav
125 + 25
Tav = = 750 C = 348 K
2
1
= = 2.8735  10−3 K −1
348
9.81 2.8735 10−3 (125 − 25)  (0.05)3
Gr =
(20.55 10−6 ) 2
Gr = 8.34 105
NU = 0.6(8.34 105  0.693)0.25
NU = 16.54
hD
NU =
K
NUK 16.54  0.03
h= =
D 0.05
h = 9.924

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 Q = hAT
2
 0.05 
Q = 9.924  4      (125 − 25)
 2 
Q = 7.79 W
7.79
% of heat lost = 100 = 19.48%
40
Q.38 Match List-I (forces) with List-II (Corresponding expressions).
List-I List-II
P. Pressure force 1. VL
Q. Inertia force 2. 𝜌g𝐿3
R. Gravity force 3. 𝜌𝐿2 𝑉 2
S. Viscous force 4. 𝑃𝐿2

 = viscosity, V = velocity, L = characteristic length, g = acceleration due to gravity, P = pressure

(A) P – 4, Q – 3, R – 2, S – 1 (B) P – 1, Q – 3, R – 2, S – 4
(C) P – 2, Q – 3, R – 4, S – 1 (D) P – 4, Q – 3, R – 1, S – 2
Ans. (A)
Fp
Sol. Pressure force, P =
A
Fp = PA = PL2
Inertia force = ma
m
=
v
m = v = L3
V
Acceleration, a =
T
V
Fi = ma = L3
T
L  L 
Fi = L2 V = L2V 2  =V 
T  T 
Gravity force ( Fg ) = mg =  L g
3

AV L2V
Viscous force = Fv = =
y L
Fv = VL
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Q.39 A perfectly elastic-plastic material has a yield stress of 450 MPa and fractures at a strain of 0.45. The
ratio of resilience to toughness for this material is _______ (Take Young’s modulus E = 4.5 GPa )
Ans. 0.125
Range: 0.110 to 0.140
Sol.

450
= 4.5 103
e
e = 0.1
1
Resilience =  450  0.1 = 22.5
2
1
Toughness =  0.1 450 + 450(0.45 − 0.1) = 180
2
22.5
Ratio = = 0.125
180
Q.40 Consider the following linear programming problem:
Maximize Z = 6 X + 10Y
Subject to X  4
Y 6
3 X + 2Y  18
X  0, Y  0
The maximum value of the objective function is ________.
Ans. 72
Range: 71 to 73
Sol.

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 At (2, 6) Z = 6(2) + 10(6) = 72
At (4, 3) Z = 6(4) + 10(3) = 54
Max = 72
Q.41 A wheel of radius 0.5 m rotates under a moment of 2000 N-m as shown in the figure. A block brake is
used to stop the wheel. If the coefficient of friction between the wheel and the block brake is 0.3, the
smallest force of P in N required to stop the wheel is ______.

Ans. 5981
Range: 5975 to 5990
Sol.

P(0.95 + 0.8) + R(0.05) = R  0.8

P(1.75) = R(0.8 −  0.05)
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 T = Rr
2000 = 0.3  R  0.5
R = 13333.3 N
P(1.75) = 13333.3(0.8 − 0.3 0.05)
P = 5981 N
Q.42 An air stream having an enthalpy of 100 kJ/kgda is flowing at 20 kgda/s. It is cooled by water at
temperature 100 C circulating in a cooling coil at a flow rate of 10 lit/sec. If the return temperature of
water is 200 C , enthalpy of the cooled air, in kJ/kgda is _______. (Specific heat of water = 4.18 kJ/kgK ,
kgda = kg of dry air)
Ans. 79.1
Range: 78 to 80
Sol. ti = 10
t0 = 200 C
10lit/sec = 10 kg/s
h1 = 100
h2 = ?
m = 20 kgda

Heat lost by air = heat grained by water

𝑚𝑎 (ℎ1 − ℎ2 ) = 𝑚𝑤 𝐶𝑤 𝑑𝑇
20(100 − h2 ) = 10  4.18(20 −10)
h2 = 79.1 kJ/kgda
Q.43 A single acting reciprocating compressor takes 0.018 m3 /s of air when running at 45 cycles per minute.
The piston diameter is 300 mm and stroke length is 400 mm. The volumetric efficiency of the compressor
is ______ percentage.
Ans. 84.88
Range: 83 to 87
Vact / cycle
Sol. vol =
Vsmpt

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 0.018 m3 /s
Vact = = 0.024 m3 /cycle
45 cycle/60 sec
 2 
Vswept = D L = (0.3)2 (0.4) = 0.02827 m3
4 4
0.024
vol = = 0.8488
0.02827
vol = 84.88%
Q.44 1 kg of an ideal gas is enclosed in a rigid vessel at the initial temperature 1200 K is employed as a heat
source. The specific heat CV of the gas is 718 J/kgK. The maximum work in kJ that can be developed by
operating a heat engine between the ideal gas and the ambient at 300 K is
(A) 646.2 (B) 484.7 (C) 387.7 (D) 347.6
Ans. (D)
Sol.

For maximum work, cycle must be reversible

Sbody + S HE + TRe s = 0

SHE = 0, because for a cycle, S = 0 because entropy is a property.

Sbody + SRe s = 0

T  Q1 − W
mCV ln  f + =0
 Ti  T0

 T 
 Wmax = T0  mCV ln  f   + Q1
  Ti 

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  T  
Wmax = T0  mCV ln  f  + mCV (Ti − T f ) 
  Ti  

 300 
Wmax = 300  1 0.718ln   + 1 0.718(1200 − 300)
 1200 

Wmax = 347.6 kJ

Q.45 Consider the following statements related to the second law of thermodynamics:
(P) A cyclic heat engine cannot produce network by exchanging heat only with one reservoir
(Q) The efficiency of a reversible heat engine is dependent on the nature of working fluid
(R) It is impossible to have a cyclic device which will produce no effect other than the transfer of heat
from a cold body to a hot body
(S) It is impossible to have heat engines operating between a heat source and sink to have a lower
efficiency than that of a reversible heat engine operating between same and sink temperature.
For which of the following options, both the statements are consistent with the second law of
thermodynamics
(A) P and R (B) P and Q (C) R and S (D) Q and S
Ans. (A)
Q.46 Consider the following statements related to air standard Otto, Diesel and Brayton cycles:
(P) Brayton cycle has at least one isentropic and one isobaric process
(Q) Otto cycle has at least one isentropic and one isochoric process
(R) Diesel cycle has at least one isentropic and one isothermal process
(S) At least one of the cycles has an isothermal process
For which of the following options, both the statements are consistent with the operation of the above
cycles
(A) P and R (B) P and Q (C) R and S (D) P and S
Ans. (B)
Q.47 An air-standard diesel engine has a compression ratio of 18, and cut off ratio of 2. The thermal efficiency
(in %) of the engine is _______
(Take  = 1.4)

Ans. 63.15
Range: 62 to 64
Sol.
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 r = 18, rC = 2

1  rC − 1 
 = 1−  
(r ) −1   (rC − 1) 

1  21.4 − 1 
 = 1−
(18)1.4−1 1.4(2 − 1) 

 = 0.6315 = 63.15%

Q.48 A body starts yielding when it is subjected to a stress state with principal stresses of 250 MPa, 50 MPa
and –50 MPa. What is the yield strength of the material, in MPa, if Tresca yield criterion is obeyed?
_______
Ans. 300
Range: Range 300 to 300
Sol. According to Guest/Tresca theory for yielding

1 − 2 2 − 3 1 − 3  y
max = Maximum of , , =
2 2 2 2

1 = 250, 2 = 50, 3 = −50

250 − 50 50 − (−50) 250 − (−50)  y

max = , , =
2 2 2 2

y
max = Maximum of 100, 50, 150 =
2
y
 150 =   y = 300 MPa
2
Q.49 The shear strain  an orthogonal cutting is given by

t1
( = rake angle; rC = chip thickness ratio = ; t1 = depth of cut; t2 = chip thickness)
t2

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 rC cos 
(A) (B) rC cos 
1 − rC sin 

rC2 − 2rC sin  + 1 rC sec 

(C) (D)
rC cos  r − 2rC tan  − 1
C
2

Ans. (C)
Sol.

 = Shear angle

cos 
Shear strain  =
sin  cos ( − )

rC cos  1 − rC sin 
sin  = ; cos  =
1 + r − 2rC sin 
C
2
1 + rC2 − 2rC sin 

cos 
Shear stress  =
sin [cos  cos  + sin  sin ]

Substituting values of sin  and cos , we have

rC2 − 2rC sin  + 1

=
rC cos 

Q.50 A critically damped single degree of freedom spring mass damper system used in a door closing
mechanism becomes over damped due to softening of the spring with extended use. If the new damping
ratio (new ) for over damped condition is 1.2, the ratio of the original spring stiffness to the new spring
stiffness ( Koriginal /Knew ), assuming that the other parameters remain unchanged, is _______

Ans. 1.44
Range: 1.4 to 1.5
C
Sol. For critically damped system,  = =1
CC

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 C
For over damped system  new = = 1.2
CC

 1 2 K newm
= =
new 1.2 2 K ori m

K orig
 = 1.2
K new

K orig
= 1.44
K new
2sin x
d
 et dt at x =  is ________
2
Q.51
dx sin 2 x

(A) 1 (B) –1 (C) 2 (D) –2

Ans. (D)
2sin x
G ( x) = 
2
Sol. et dt
sin 2 x

G '( x) = e(2sin − e sin 4 x sin 2 x

2
x )[2cos x ]

G '( x) = 2e0 (−1) − e0 (0)

= –2

Q.52 The harmonic conjugate of U ( x, y) = x2 − y 2 + xy is ________

(A) x2 − y 2 − xy (B) x2 + y 2 − xy

1 1
(C) 2 xy + ( y 2 − x 2 ) (D) xy + 2( y 2 − x 2 )
2 2
Ans. (C)

Sol. ux = 2 x + y

u y = −2 y + x

f ( z ) =  [u x ( z ,0) + ivx ( z ,0)] dz

=  [u x ( z ,0) − iu y ( z,0)] dz

=  (2 z − iz ) dz

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 iz 2
= z2 −
2

 i
= 1 −  z 2
 2

y 2 − x2
Im f ( z ) = + 2 xy
2
Q.53 A box contains two coins, one of which is fair and the other two headed. One coin is chosen at random
and tossed twice. If two head appears, then the probability that the chosen coin was two headed is
________
1 1 1 4
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 4 3 5
Ans. (D)
1
Sol. P (getting ahead in a fair coin) =
2
P (getting a head in two headed coin) = 1
Total probability = [1st coin (head)]
(head) + 2nd coin (head) (head)
1 1 1 1
   +  1 1
2 2 2 2
5

8

1
4
Required probability = 2 =
5 5
8

Q.54 Evaluate  (r n) ds, where r = xi + y j + zk

S
and S is the surface of the unit sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1

4 8 2
(A) (B) (C) (D) 4
3 3 3
Ans. (D)

Sol.  (r n) ds =  (divr ) dV

C
V

= 3 dV = 4
V

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     
 divr = .r = ( x) + ( y ) + ( z ) = 1 + 1 + 1 = 3 
 x y z 
Q.55 Partial differential equation for

z = f ( x + at ) + g ( x − at ) is

2 z 2 z  2 z  z 
2

(A) = a (B) = a 
t 2 x 2 t 2  x 

2 z 2  z
2
z z
(C) = a (D) =a
t 2 x 2 t x
Ans. (C)
Sol. Given z = f ( x + at ) + g ( x − at )

z
P= = f '( x + at ) + g '( x − at )
x

2 z
r= = f "( x + at ) + g "( x − at ) … (i)
x 2
z
= af '( x + at ) − g '( x − at )
t

2 z
= a 2  f " ( x + at ) + g " ( x − at ) … (ii)
t 2

From (i) and (ii) we get

2 z 2  z
2
= a
t 2 x 2

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