Rocket City Math League 2013-2014

Apollo Test Solutions Round 1

1. By the Pythagorean theorem, it can be found that the other leg of the triangle with hypotenuse CM is 24, and so
the hypotenuse of the other triangle, RL, is 30. We can assume that the segment across from RC also has a length of 104
12. So, the perimeter of the ship would be 12+25+7+12+18+30=104

1
2. This function has a restriction on the domain so that x , because the result cannot be imaginary. Since
2 (Quadrant)
square roots always give a positive number or zero, the range must be y  1 . Because x and y are always positive, I
the graph is only in quadrant I.
3. Treat this situation as an arithmetic sequence with a common difference of 1.
150 = n/2 ( 6 + (n-1) ● 1)
300 = n ( 6 + (n-1) ● 1)
300 = n (6 + (n-1))
300 = n (6 + n – 1)
300 = n (5 + n)
300 = n2 + 5n
15
n2 + 5n -300 = 0
n2 + 20n – 15n – 300 = 0
(n2 + 20n) (– 15n – 300)= 0
n (n + 20) -15(n + 20) = 0
(n-15)(n+20)
n = 15, -20. Since there cannot be a negative number of layers, the number of layers must be 15
1
4. Write all exponents with the same base and the equation becomes 3  3  3  3 . Add the exponents, and
x 2x 4x 2
1
1 1
then find that 7 x  , divide both sides by seven to yield x= 14
2 14
5. Begin by trying to eliminate a variable in order to yield two equations with two unknowns. Do twice the first
equation minus the second, and the first equation minus twice the third equation to do this. In doing the first step,
you should find that y=6. Now, substitute in 6 for the y value of these equations to have three equations with two
unknowns. The first and second equations would no longer be helpful since one is simply twice the other, so use the (5, 6, 11)
first and third equations, which are now 2 x  z  21 and x  3z  28 . Subtract twice the third equation from
the first equation and get 7z=77, and z=11. Thus, plugging z back into the equations, you can find that x=5
6. To find the area of a triangle given this information, it would be easiest to use the formula that the area of a
triangle is equal to one-half the product of two sides and the sine of the included angle. So, the area of EJH is
1 6
A (6)(4)(sin(30 ))  6
2
sin 2  cos 2 
7. The first part of the solution can be rewritten as cos   sin  , or, sin   cos  , which can be
2 2
2 2
1 1
4/3
cos 2  sin 2 
simplified to 1, leaving 1  tan  , which can then be simplified further to sec  . Evaluate this expression at
2 2

the given value of θ to get the value 4/3

8. The first conversion made would involve spending the base-7 money. The easiest way to do this problem would
be to convert the non decimal numbers to decimal numbers. 631 7 is equal to (6  72 )  (3  7)  (11)  316 . 4536
$6,883
is equal to (4  6 )  (5  6)  (3  1)  177 and 1B416 is equal to (1162 )  (1116)  (4 1)  436 . So, the
2

total amount that he spends is $929, and he has $6,883 left

 9. Either use the multinomial theorem to find the term in question, or simply expand the expression. The
9/16
coefficient on the term in question is 9/16

2 5 8 11 14 
3n  1 
3n  1
10.     ... can be written as  n , or  n   n . First focus on the first part
3 9 27 81 243 n 1 3 n 1 3 n 1 3

3 6 9 12 15 1 2 3 4
of the sum (     ...) , which can be rewritten as 3(    ...) , which we can call
3 9 27 81 243 3 9 27 81
1 1 1
3x, where x would equal the summation in parentheses. Subtract x from 3x to get that 2 x  1    ...
3 9 27
1 3 9
therefore 2 x   , so the original sum, represented by 3x, is equal to . Now, the second part involved 7
1 2 4
1 4
3

1
finding  n , which is simply a infinite geometric sequence with a first term of one-third and a common ratio of
n 1 3

1 1
1 9 1 7
one-third, 3  3  , so, to find the final answer, subtract  , to get
1 2 2 4 2 4
1
3 3
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