GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE, MANANTHAVADY

FIRST SERIES TEST 2019-2020

SEMESTER : 4 CIVIL ENGINEERING

4011 - HYDRAULICS

Duration : 1.5 Hours Max. Marks : 50

PART - A
(Maximum Marks : 8)
Answer all questions. Each question carries two marks.

1. Define i) Specific gravity and ii) Specific weight.

2. State Pascal’s law.
3. Differentiate between compressible and incompressible flow.
4. List any four devices used for pressure measurement. .
(4 x 2 = 8)

PART – B
(Maximum Marks : 18)
Answer any three of the following questions. Each question carries 6 marks. Assume suitable data.

1. Distinguish between atmospheric pressure, gauge pressure, vacuum pressure and absolute pressure. Also
determine the height of mercury column equivalent to a gauge pressure of 150 KPa.
2. The diameters of a pipe at sections 1-1 and 2-2 are 200 mm and 300 mm respectively. If the velocity of
water flowing through the pipe at section 1-1 is 4 m/s find i) discharge through the pipe and ii) velocity
of water at section 2-2.
3. Discuss the assumptions in Bernoulli’s equation.
4. A differential U-tube manometer connects two pressure pipes A and B. The pipe A carries a liquid of
specific gravity 1.6 under a pressure of 120 KPa. The pipe B carries oil of specific gravity 0.8 under a
pressure of 200 KPa. The pipe A lies 2.5m above pipe B. Find the differences in mercury level,
assuming that the left limb mercury level is coinciding with the centre of pipe B.
(3 x 6 =18)

PART – C
(Maximum Marks : 24)
Answer all questions. Each full question carries 12 Marks. Assume suitable data.

1. (a) Derive the expression for total pressure and centre of pressure of a vertically immersed plane surface in
a liquid. (6)
(b) A rectangular opening in a vertical reservoir wall is 1 m wide and 3.5 m deep and its top edge is 9.5 m
below water level. Find the total pressure on the gate and its point of application (6)
2. (a) State and explain Bernoulli’s Equation for fluids.
(3)
(b) A pipe line carrying oil of specific gravity 0.8, changes its diameter from 300 mm at position 1 to
600 mm diameter at position 2, which is 5 meters at higher level. If the pressures at position 1 and 2 are
100 kN/m2 and 60 kN/m2 respectively and the discharge is 300 liters/s determine i) Loss of head and ii)
Direction of flow.
(9)