Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Presented by
Barry Williams
Technical Director
Topic under discussion
• Emergency lighting provision and the standards
• Types and categories of emergency systems
• Testing of emergency lighting EN50172 and EN62034
• BS5266 Part 1:2005
• EN1838 (BS5266 Part 7)
• Environmental issues and new technologies
Where is Emergency Lighting Needed?
• To adequately illuminate designated escape routes
• To provide sufficient illumination in other areas to allow safe
movement towards and through the escape routes
• To ensure that fire alarm call points, fire fighting equipment and
other safety equipment can be readily located and used
• To provide sufficient light to enable proper shut down
procedures to be carried out in dangerous or high risk areas
Fire Safety Order 2005 (RRO)
Occupants Old Fire Precautions Fire Safety Order 2005
N.B. high risks premises will continue to be assessed by fire officer inspections
Emergency Lighting Standards
Base Document BS5266 Part 1:2005
Emergency lighting code of practice
EN62034
Automatic test systems
Product Standards EN60598.2:22.1999
Emergency Luminaire Standard
BS5266 Part 3 Specifications for small relays for emergency lighting use up to 32A
BS5266 Part 4 Code of practice for design, installation etc of optical fibre systems
BS5266 Part 6 Code of Practice for non-electrical low mounted way guidance systems
• Emergency lighting provision and the standards
• Types and categories of emergency systems
• Testing of emergency lighting EN50172 and EN62034
• BS5266 Part 1:2005
• EN1838 (BS5266 Part 7)
• Environmental issues and new technologies
Types of emergency lighting systems
Emergency lighting systems come in three main formats:‐
• Self‐contained: the emergency module and back‐up battery are all
contained within the emergency luminaire enclosure. Physical
constraints within a luminaire may require the use of a remote gear‐
box, within 1 metre of the luminaire to be considered as integral
• Central battery systems: supply a low voltage DC output in
emergency and employ inverters within the luminaires to convert
the DC to high voltage AC to supply the lamps
•Static inverter systems: provide mains voltage AC in emergency so
can use suitable mains luminaires for emergency operation
Categories of Emergency Lighting Systems
Non‐Maintained (0): these luminaires have only an unswitched
supply and no mains choke or ballast. They only provide light
when the unswitched supply fails
Maintained (1): have one lamp but can operate that lamp both in
mains healthy and emergency. Mains and emergency control gear
are needed plus two supplies one permanent and one switched
supply. This allows the lamp to be operated as normal mains lamp
but whenever the unswitched supply fails the emergency lamp
illuminates
Combined: have more than one lamp but with only one lamp
operating as the emergency lamp and operated either as a non‐
maintained (2) or maintained (3)
Typical dedicated emergency luminaires
Recessed bulkhead Twin Spot
Topic under discussion
• Emergency lighting provision and the standards
• Types and categories of emergency systems
• Testing of emergency lighting EN50172 and EN62034
• BS5266 Part 1:2005
• EN1838 (BS5266 Part 7)
• Environmental issues and new technologies
Testing of Emergency lighting systems
EN 50172:2004 (BS5266 Part 8: 2004) requires the following test regime:‐
Daily:
The record log should be checked to ensure it is up to date and that any
outstanding faults have been corrected
A visual check is required of all system indicators in centrally supplied systems to
ensure the emergency lighting system is in a ready condition
Monthly:
Each emergency luminaire must be energized from its emergency power source for
a period of time sufficient only to ensure each lamp is illuminated and the
luminaires and signs are present and clean
At the end of the test the normal mains supply shall be restored and any system
indicators checked to ensure they are displaying the correct information
Annually:
The emergency lighting system shall be operated for its full rated duration then
checked as for the monthly tests
Automatic testing systems
BS EN 62034:2006
Can be manually initiated and consist of timers, current detectors, light detectors
and changeover switches
Type S are stand alone self‐contained luminaires providing a local indication but
still requires manual inspection of the luminaires and manual record keeping
Type P emergency luminaires are monitored and their status is indicated by a test
facility which collects and displays the results of tests but still requires manual
recording of test information
Type ER as type P but the results are collected and data is recorded and logged by
the ATS
Type PRN as types P and ER but collates fault details and gives a remote
indication of a failure of any luminaires that have been tested
Digital Self Test units
• Tests in accordance with BS5266 Part 8 (EN50172:2005)
• Complies with EN62034 as Type S
• Tests for 1 minute monthly and 3 hours annually
• Checks battery voltage and light output throughout the test
• Gives visual and audible indications of test success or failure
• Suitable for all fluorescent lamps without the need for a specially adapted
conversion module
PALS Automatic testing system
• Features:
• Automatic testing
• Real time monitoring
• 500 event log
• Up to 630 devices per panel
• Networkable up to 95 panels
(59,850 devices)
• EN62034 type PRN
Topic under discussion
• Emergency lighting provision and the standards
• Types and categories of emergency systems
• Testing of emergency lighting EN50172 and EN62034
• BS5266 Part 1:2005
• EN1838 (BS5266 Part 7)
• Environmental issues and new technologies
BS5266 Part 1
Each compartment of an escape route or open area must
have at least 2 luminaires to guard against total darkness
BS5266 Part 1
Large open toilet areas and changing rooms
which are greater than 8m2 or which have
multiple closet facilities to 0.5 Lux minimum
BS5266 Part 1
Escalators and moving walkways ‐ although not escape routes
will need emergency lighting in the event of a power failure
Topic under discussion
• Emergency lighting provision and the standards
• Types and categories of emergency systems
• Testing of emergency lighting EN50172 and EN62034
• BS5266 Part 1:2005
• EN1838 (BS5266 Part 7)
• Environmental issues and new technologies
EN1838
Near each intersection onto defined escape routes
EN 1838
Near stairs and stairwells Ramps or changes of floor level
EN1838
To illuminate Exit doors and safety signs
EN1838
Near each change of direction on the escape route
EN1838
Outside and near to each final exit
EN1838
Adjacent to each piece of fire fighting and first aid equipment
If not located on an escape route or in an open area ‐
illumination to 5 lux on the floor is required
EN1838
Core area
(excluding 0.5m border)
0.5 Lux
minimum
The horizontal illuminance shall not be less than 0.5 lux in the
core area ‐ excluding a border of 0.5 metres around the perimeter
of the area
EN1838
Axial
to
Axial spacing wall
0.3 0.3
Transverse
to wall
2 2
0.5 Lux
covering Transverse
core area spacing
0.5m
border
2 2
0.3 0.3
EN1838
Up to 1 Lux min. on
2m wide centre line of
escape route
For escape routes up to 2 metres in width, the horizontal illuminance
on the floor along the centre line of an escape route shall not be less
than 1 lux and the central band consisting of not less than half of the
width of the route shall be illuminated to a minimum of 50% of that
value
EN1838
1 Lux minimum
on centre line
of escape route
Trans-
verse
spacing Transverse spacing
to wall between luminaires
EN1838
• Luminance of the green background colour shall be at least 2 cd/m2
• Ratio of maximum to minimum luminance between the white and
the green elements must be no less than 5:1 and no greater than 15:1
• Maximum luminance level differences within the green or white of
not greater than 10:1
• Colours shall conform to ISO 3864 (white on a green background)
EN1838
H = (Height of the panel)
D (Distance from sign)
• Internally illuminated maximum D less than 200 x H
• Externally illuminated maximum D less than 100 x H
Signs Directive
• Signs may be supplemented by directional arrows
• Directional arrows on their own are not acceptable
• ‘small differences from the pictograms or symbols shown are
acceptable providing they do not confuse’
How the standards are applied to a scheme
Fire or First Aid
Open Area Lighting Equipment
BS5266 Pt 7 (EN1838) BS5266 Pt 7 (EN 1838) Wiring
HD384-5
Stairs or Lift Lobbies BS 5266-1
BS5266 Pt 7 (EN1838) BS7671
1 Emergency luminaires and signs must comply with Emergency EN60598-2-22: 1999
2 Testing must be carried out in accordance with BS5266 Part 8 – EN50172
Topic under discussion
• Emergency lighting provision and the standards
• Types and categories of emergency systems
• Testing of emergency lighting EN50172 and EN62034
• BS5266 Part 1:2005
• EN1838 (BS5266 Part 7)
• Environmental issues and new technologies
Changes to fluorescent lamps
• Fluorescent lamps now have a reduced mercury dosing because of
the WEEE and RoHS, European Directives
• Many fluorescent lamps now have mercury levels of less than 3mg
• Reduced mercury lamps are significantly less tolerant of low
temperature operation and are difficult to start and operate at
the lower input powers found in emergency lighting systems
• Lamps employing Amalgam technology can extinguish if the
cathodes are not heated correctly
New battery technology
• RoHS directives to remove cadmium in manufacturing
• WEEE directive from 1st July 2007 requires Ni‐CAD to be collected
• Some European countries are already imposing levies on Ni‐CAD
• Suppliers of Ni‐CAD are considering ceasing production in 2008
• Ni‐MH (Nickel‐Metal Hydride) is one viable alternative
• Currently only two manufacturers of high‐temperature Ni‐MH
• Ni‐MH will be included in next battery standard
LED’s in Emergency Lighting
Our experiences with white LED’s
• Offer a ‘green’ alternative to mercury based fluorescent lamps
• Excellent for edge lit signage applications
• Greater battery life due to lower internal luminaire temperature
• No problems with low temperature or constant switching operation
• Offer four years virtually maintenance free operation
Incorporating E.L.F. and SPEL lighting and Fire