MIT Arts, Design and Technology University, Rajbaug, Pune

MIT School of Engineering

First Year Engineering
Ordinary Differential Equations and Advanced Calculus
Tutorial-05

Batch - 01
Find Orthogonal Trajectory of the following:
1. x2  2 y 2  c2  x 2  ky 

2. y 2  4ax  2x 2  y 2  c 

3. r 2  a sin 2  r 2  c cos 2 

4. r  a 1  cos   r  c 1  cos  

Solve the following problems:

5. Water at temperature 1000 C cools in 10 minutes to 800 C in a room having

temperature 250 C . Find Temperature of water after 20 minutes and the time required to

lower the temperature of water to 400 C .

 Ans : 65.330 C, 51.89 Min.

6. A body originally at 800 C cools to 600 C in 20 minutes, the temperature of air being
400C, what will be the temperature of the body after 40 minutes from the original?
 Ans : 500 C 

7. A body of temperature 1000 C is placed in a room whose temperature is 250 C and cools

to 50 0 C in 5 minutes. What will be its temperature after a further interval of 5 minutes?

 Ans : 33.330 C 

8. The temperature of a body decreases at a rate ' k  ' where  0 is the amount the body is
hotter than surrounding air. The body is heated by a source which makes body’s
temperature increased at a rate '  t ' where ' t ' , is the time and ' ' is a constant. If this
source is applied at t  0 , the body is then at the temperature of surrounding air. Show
 1 1  kt 
that   t   e  .
k k k 

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MIT Arts, Design and Technology University, Rajbaug, Pune
MIT School of Engineering
First Year Engineering
Ordinary Differential Equations and Advanced Calculus
9. In a circuit containing inductance L resistance R and voltage E , the current I is
dI
given by E  R I  L , where I (0)  0 . If L  640 H , R  250 and E  500 units,
dt
find the times that elapses before the current reaches 90 % of its maximum value.

 64 log10 
 Ans : t  25
 5.89 

di
10. The equation of an L  R circuits is given by L  R i  10sin t . If i  0 at t  0 ,
dt
 
express i as a function of t .  Ans : i 
10
sin  t     sin .e 
 Rt L

 R 2  L2 
11. A circuit consists of resistance R ohms and condenser of C farads connected to constant
electromotive force. If q C is the voltage of the condenser at time t after closing the

circuit, show that the voltage at time t is E 1  e t / RC  .

12. An electromotive force 200e 5t is applied to series electric circuit consisting 20
resistance and 0.01F capacitor. Find the charge and current at any time t, assuming that
there is no charge on capacitor.
13. In a circuit of resistance R, self inductance L, the current I is given by
dI
L  RI  E cos pt , where E, p are constants. Find the current at any time t.
dt
  Rt L 
 Ans : i  L2 p 2  R 2  pL sin pt  R cos pt  A.e 
E
 
14. In a circuit containing inductance L  640 henries, resistance R  250 Ohms and voltage
E  500 volts. Current ‘I’ being zero, when t  0 . Find the time that elapses, before it
reaches 50 % of its maximum value.
15. The equation of the electromotive force in terms of current i for an electric circuit
having resistance R and condenser of the capacity C in series is given
i
by E  Ri   dt . Find current i at any time t when E  E0 sin wt .
C
 CE0 
 Ans : i  cos t     ket RC 
 1   2 R 2C 2 

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 MIT Arts, Design and Technology University, Rajbaug, Pune
MIT School of Engineering
First Year Engineering
Ordinary Differential Equations and Advanced Calculus
Tutorial-05

Batch - 02
Find Orthogonal Trajectory of the following:

x 2  cy 2  1  x 2  ce x  y2 
2
1.
 

2. 2x 2  y 2  cx  x2  y 2 log  cy   0

3. r 2  a sin 2  r 2  c cos 2 

4. r  a 1  cos   r  c 1  cos  

Solve the following problems:

5. Water at temperature 1000 C cools in 10 minutes to 880 C in a room having

temperature 250 C . Find Temperature of water after 20 minutes and the time required to

lower the temperature of water to 400 C .  Ans : 65.50 C 

6. A body originally at 850C cools to 650C in 25 minutes the temperature of air being 400C,
what will be the temperature of the body after 40 minutes?
7. A body of temperature 1000 C is placed in a room whose temperature is 250 C and cools

to 50 0 C in 10 minutes. Find the time when temperature will be 600 C .

8. If a thermometer is taken outdoors where the temperature is 00 C , from a room in which

the temperature is 210 C and the reading drops to 100 C is 1 minute, how long after its

removal will the reading be 50 C ?  Ans :1 Minutes 60 seconds

9. In a circuit containing inductance L  640 henries, resistance R  250 Ohms and voltage
E  500 volts. Current ‘I’ being zero, when t  0 . Find the time that elapses, before it
reaches 50 % of its maximum value.
10. Find the current i in the circuit having resistance R and condenser of capacity C in series

 CE A t RC 
with electromotive force E sin wt .  Ans : i  cos t     ke 
 1   2 R 2C 2 RC 
11. A resistance of 100 ohms, an inductance of 0.5 henries ate connected in series with a
battery of 20 volts. Find the current in a circuit as a function of time.

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MIT Arts, Design and Technology University, Rajbaug, Pune
MIT School of Engineering
First Year Engineering
Ordinary Differential Equations and Advanced Calculus
12. A resistance of 20 ohms is connected in series with a capacitor of 0.01 farads and
electromotive force E volts given by 40e3t  20e6t . If q  0 at t  0 , find the maximum
charge on the capacitor.
dI
13. Solve the equation L  RI  200 cos  300t  , where R  100 ohms, L  0.05 Henry and
dt
hence find I, given that i  0 when t  0 . What value does current I approach after a long
time?
 40  800 200t  40 
 Ans : i  400 20 cos 300 t  3sin 300 t  409 e  and 
   409 
14. An electrical circuit contains an inductance of 0.2 henries and a resistance of 10 ohms in
series with an electromotive force 150cos  200t  volts. Find the current at any time t, if it

is zero when t  0 . What value does it approach after a long time?

15. Show that the differential equation for the current i in an electrical circuit containing an
inductance L and a resistance R in series and acted on by an electromotive force
di
E  E0 sin t satisfying the equation L  R i  sin t . Find the value of the current at
dt
an time t , if initially there is no current in the circuit.

 E 
 Ans : i  sin t     sin  e Rt L 
 R 2   2 L2 

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 MIT Arts, Design and Technology University, Rajbaug, Pune
MIT School of Engineering
First Year Engineering
Ordinary Differential Equations and Advanced Calculus
Tutorial-05

Batch - 03
Find Orthogonal Trajectory of the following:
x2 y2
1.   1,  is parameter.  x2  y 2  2a 2 log  x   c 
a 2 b2  
2. e x  e y  c e y  e x  c 

3. r  a cos  r  c sin  
4. r 2  a 2 cos 2 r 2  c2 sin 2 

Solve the following problems:

5. A body at 800 C cools down to 600 C in 20 minutes. The temperature of the air

being 40 0 C . What will be the temperature of the body after 40 minutes from the original?

6. Temperature of water initially is 1000 C and that of surrounding is 200 C . If water cools

down to 600 C in first 20 minutes. During what time will it cool to 300 C .  Ans :1hour 

7. A body cools down from 400 C to 200 C in 3 minutes when surrounding temperature

is 100 C . Find time when the temperature of the body will be 150 C . Also find temperature
after 5 minutes?
8. When a thermometer is placed in a hot liquid bath at temperature T, the temperature 

indicated by the thermometer rises at the rate of T   . For a bath at 950 C , the

temperature reads 150 C at t  0 and 350 C at t  10 sec., what will be its temperature

at t  20 sec.?  Ans : 500 C 

9. A constant electromotive force E Volt is applied to a circuit containing constant

resistance ' R ' ohms in series with constant inductance ' L ' henries. If the initial current is
zero, show that the current builds up to half of its theoretical maximum in
 L log 2  R seconds.

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MIT Arts, Design and Technology University, Rajbaug, Pune
MIT School of Engineering
First Year Engineering
Ordinary Differential Equations and Advanced Calculus
10. A resistance of 100 ohms, an inductance of 0.5 Henry are connected in series with a
battery of 20 Volts. Find the current in a circuit as a function of time t .

 200 t 
 Ans : 5 1  e 
1

11. An electrical circuit contains an inductance of 0.2 henries and a resistance of 10 ohms in
series with an electromotive force 150cos  200t  volts. Find the current at any time t, if it

is zero when t  0 . What value does it approach after a long time?

12. The charge Q on the plate of a condenser of capacity C charged through a resistance R
dQ Q
by steady voltage V satisfies the differential equation R   V . If Q  0 at t  0 ,
dt C
then show that Q  CV 1  et RC  . Find the current flowing into the plate.

 V  t RC 
 Ans : i  R e 

13. A voltage Ee  at is applied at t  0 to a circuit containing inductance ‘L’ and resistance

‘R’. Show that the current at any time t is

E
R  aL
 e at  e Rt L  .
14. Find the current i in the circuit having resistance R and condenser of capacity C in series

 CE A t RC 
with electromotive force E sin wt .  Ans : i  cos t     ke 
 1   2 R 2C 2 RC 
dI
15. The equation of an L-R circuit is given by L  RI  10sin t . If I  0 at t  0 , express
dt
 10   L 10  1 L   Rt L 
‘I’ as a function of t .  Ans : i  sin  t  tan 1    tan  .e 
 R 2  L2   R R 2  L2  R 

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