THE NATIONAL LAW INSTITUTE UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL

POLITICAL SCIENCE-I

THIRD TRIMESTER

PROJECT SYNOPSIS

TOPIC-

FORMS OF GOVERNMENT

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:

SIDDHARTH BHARGAVA RAKA ARYA

2019 BALLB (Hons) 55 ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR

SECTION- A POLITICAL SCIENCE

INTRODUCTION:
Government comprises the set of legal and political institutions that regulate the
relationships among members of a society and between the society and outsiders.
These institutions have the authority to make decisions for the society on policies
affecting the maintenance of order and the achievement of certain societal goals.
Aristotle, a Greek political philosopher of the 4th century B.C., distinguished three
principal kinds of government: monarchy, aristocracy, and polity enlightened. The
differences among them chiefly concerned whether power were held by one, by a few,
or by many. Aristotle thought that the selfish abuse of power caused each type to
become perverted, respectively, into tyranny, oligarchy, and a lower form of
democracy characterized by mob rule.

There are mainly two types of governments which are Despotic and the other one is
Democratic. Democratic government further divided into Constitutional, Monarchy
and Republic.

Monarchy - Rule of one. Traditionally a king or emperor, but in modern times this
usually describes a dictator.

Oligarchy - Rule of the few. Traditionally, this described a group of aristocrats, men
of noble blood, but it just as easily describes a group of warlords or a military junta.

Theocracy - rule by God. In practice, since God rarely shows up to manage the day-
to-day affairs of government, this involves rule by a religious leader or group of
religious officials who interpret God’s will. The country of Iran has many aspects of a
theocratic state.

Authoritarianism - Monopoly of political power by an individual or small group that

otherwise allows people to go about their private lives as they wish.

Totalitarianism - Rule by an elite that exercises unlimited power over individuals in

all aspects of life and many more.

STATEMENT OF THE PURPOSE:

To study what is Government and how it works, and what are the different forms of
government. Also to study about the criticisms and advantages of different forms of
government.
OBJECTIVES:
The project aims at researching the given points:

 To analyze the different forms of Government existed in the world.

 To understand the main functions & criticism of different form of government.
 To deeply understand the meanings and ideologies of rulers in different forms
of government.

METHODOLOGY:
This project is largely based on the doctrinal method of data collection which have
been collected from various books, journals, articles available on the subject.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE:

Books:

1. Democracy: A Life by Paul Cartledge.

Democracy: A Life is a biography of the concept, looking at its many different
manifestations and showing how it has changed over its long life, from ancient
time’s right through to the present. For instance, how did the 'people power' of
the Athenians emerge in the first place? Once it had emerged, what enabled it
to survive? And how did the Athenian version of democracy differ from the
many other forms that developed among the myriad cities of the Greek world.

2. Principle of the politics, by J. C. Johari is an attempt to analyze all

aspects relating to the persistent trends in Indian politics, its impact on
the working of Parliamentary system and to find out whether the
Presidential form of government with separation of powers can provide
panacea for the political ills. The book shall be useful to the students
and teachers of Political Science, analysts, lawyers and legislators.
CHAPTERISATION:
1. Introduction.
2. Types of Government.
3. Monarchy.
3.1. Origin and its Meaning.
3.2. Criticism.
4. Dictatorship.
4.1. Meaning and Origin.
4.2. Criticism.
5. Democracy
5.1. Origin and its Meaning.
5.2. Features and its components.
5.3. Criticisms.
6. Federal Government.
6.1. Origin and its meaning.
6.2. Features and criticisms.
7. Parliamentary Form of Government.
7.1 Origin and its Meaning.
7.2 Features.
7.3 Criticism of Parliamentary form of government.

CONCLUSION:

BIBLIOGRAPHY:
 Democracy: A Life by Paul Cartledge.
 PRINCIPLES OF THE POLITICS, By J. C. JOHARI