Development: Development is a process of planned activities that will help an individual over

time to develop their full potential. It focuses on enhancing learner’s self-esteem and sense of
identity. Development is not only limited to a particular task, but it aims to improve their
personality and attitude for their all-round growth which will help them to face future
challenges. It changes the mindset of the employees and makes them more challenging or
competing. In training, the employees are imparted technical knowledge and skills related to
the particular job and stresses on improving the abilities of each worker. In contrast,
development is a sort of educational process which focuses on the growth and maturity of the
managerial personnel.

Management Development: Management development is a planned and organized

process and program of training and growth whereby an individual manager or executive (at
each level of management hierarchy) gains knowledge, skills and attitude to manage workers
and work organizations effectively. Because the management task requires greater creativity
and innovation than most line positions, various methods of development have also become
more creative and innovative. These methods and techniques can be divided into both On-the-
job and Off-the-job techniques.

 On the Job Experience and Teaching Techniques:

(a) Coaching and assigning challenging tasks.
(b) Rotational assignments e.g., rotation among managerial training positions,
creation of ‘Assistant to…..’ positions etc.
(c) Multiple management, e.g., Committees, junior boards etc.
(d) Conference programs and problem solving committee
(e) Understudy for management succession.
(f) Management workshop programs.
(g) Temporary promotions.
(h) Planned reading programs

 Off the job techniques:

a) Lectures and programmed instructions
b) Case study and case problems
c) Role playing
d) Business games
e) Conference, seminars etc.
f) Project study
g) Brain storming method
h) Observation tours and visits
So we can say that management development is an educational process utilizing a systematic
and organized procedure by which management personnel learn conceptual and theoretical
knowledge for general purpose. These purposes are productivity, quality, human resource
planning, morale, obsolescence prevention, and personnel growth.