THE PRESENT TENSE AND THE DAILY ROUTINES AND HABITS.

EL TIEMPO PRESENTE SIMPLE Y LO

QUE HACEMOS DIARIAMENTE Y LAS RUTINAS.

USE THE FOLLOWING VERBS TO COMPLETE THE PHRASES IN THE PICTURES. USE LOS SIGUIENTES
VERBOS PARA COMPLETAR LAS FRASES DE LOS DIBUJOS.

1. GET 2. TAKE 3. EAT 4. GO 5. LEARN 6. PLAY 7. EAT 8.DO 9. WALK 10.WATCH 11. BRUSH 12. GO

In the morning I ___wake_____up (1),

I _____take___ a shower (2),

I _____eat___ breakfast (3)

I _____go____to school (4)

I ___learn______lessons (5)

I __play_______ sports (6)

I _____eat___dinner (7),

I ______do__ my homework (8),

I _____walk___ the dog (9)

I _____watch____a movie on TV (10)

I ______brush my teeth (11)

I _____go____ to bed (12)

MODAL VERBS AND THEIR MEANINGS
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ckl_XQDDQqs PART I
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TG2hjziKpZo PÀRT II
Estos verbos modales o especiales acompañan a un verbo principal y tienen las siguientes
características:
• Van seguidos de un infinitivo sin TO (excepto, OUGHT TO)
Ej. He can swim well. (No se debe decir, “He can to swim”)
• No agregan -s en la tercera persona singular en el tiempo presente.
Ej. He can swim well. (No se debe decir, “He cans swim well”)
• Niegan agregando la palabra NOT (formando en algunos casos una contracción)
Ej. He cannot / can´t swim well (cannot es el único caso en que el verbo modal y not van
unidos)
• Interrogan mediante simple inversión con el sujeto. Ej. Can he swim well?
• Rara vez se usa el verbo modal OUGHT TO en oraciones negativas o interrogativas.
Estos verbos tienen los siguientes significados y usos:
EXERCISES Ex. 1. Complete the blanks with CAN, MUST, MAY o SHOULD, según
corresponda.
1. Gentlemen, you ___MAY_____ ask questions at the end of the presentation, if you like.
2. He is a retired civil servant. He ___SHOULD_________ be over 65 years old now.
3. You _______CAN_____ study harder if you want to get better grades.
4. I just put on my glasses. Now I ________CAN____ read better.
5. You _____MUST_______ have a passport and a visa to enter the United States.
6. You ____MUST________ take your umbrella in case it rains this afternoon, John.
7. _________CAN___ I use your pen please, Sir?
8. _____CAN_______ I have another piece of cake, mother?
9. You _____CAN___ not do that again. It´s dangerous. You _______MUST______ easily
fall and break your leg.
10. You _______SHOULD be punctual for the meeting. The boss gets very angry when
people are late.
11. The man is very strong. He _______CAN lift that heavy box easily.
12. He _______SHOULD_____n´t be an engineer. He is only 18 years old!
13. Miss Clark _____MAY type fast but she ______CAN´T_____n´t use a computer.
14. The little bird _____CAN n´t fl y yet. It´s too young.
15. You ____MUST________ come and visit us any day, John. You´ll be welcome to our
home.
16. Why don´t you phone at his home. He ______SHOULD______ be there. He sometimes
goes home for lunch.
17. Why don´t you give them some more money? You ______SHOULD______ be more
generous. They´re very poor.
18. What _____CAN______ I do in order to improve my pronunciation, professor?
19. You ________CAN____ pay by credit card or by cheque.We don´t accept cash.
20. You are too fat, Billy . I think you ___MUST_________ go on a diet.
21. It´s almost midnight now. They ____SHOULD________ be sleeping at this time.
22. You __CAN__________ insert two coins in the slot if you want to use the telephone.
23. I don´t know why they´re talking. They ____SHOULD________ be working instead.
24. He _____SHOLD_______n´t be driving the car! He doesn´t even know how to start a
car.
Ex. 3. Translate the following sentences into English. TRADUZCA AL INGLES
1. Uds. pueden fumar aquí. YOU CAN/MAY SMOKE HERE_
2. El puede correr muy rápido.
he can running fast
3. Ud. debe venir mañana nuevamente. You must come tomoorow again
4. Puede que ellos nos visiten mañana.
The may visit us tomorrow
5. El no puede hablar español bien.
He can´t speak spanish well
6. ¿Qué debería hacer yo ahora?
What should i do now
7. ¿Puedes tú ayudarme esta tarde?
Can you help me this afternon?
8. ¿Puedo sentarme aquí, señor?
I can sit here,sr ?
9. Eso puede suceder nuevamente.
That can happen again
10. El trabajó muy duro. Debe estar cansado.
He worked very hard,must be tired

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/modal-verbs-of-ability-exercise-1.html
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/modal-verbs-of-obligation-exercise-1.html
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/modal-verbs-of-probability-exercise-1.html
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/modal-verbs-of-probability-exercise-2.html
THE ZERO CONDITIONAL CONDICIONAL TIPO CERO
HOW IS IT FORMED?’ FORMACIÓN
En las oraciones condicionales de tipo 0 ("zero conditional"), el tiempo verbal en ambas
proposiciones es el "simple present".
Proposición "if" (condición) Proposición principal (resultado)
"If" + "simple present" "simple present"
If this thing happens that thing happens.
EJEMPLOS
If you freeze water, it becomes a solid.
Plants die if they don't get enough water.
If my husband has a cold, I usually catch it.
If public transport is efficient, people stop using their cars.
If you mix red and blue, you get purple.
If people eat too much, they get fat.
If you touch a fire, you get burned.
People die if they don't eat.
You get water if you mix hydrogen and oxygen.
Snakes bite if they are scared
If babies are hungry, they cry

http://www.esltower.com/GRAMMARQUIZ/preintermediate/zero%20conditional.htm
https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/zero-conditional-exercise-1.html
https://agendaweb.org/verbs/conditional-verbs-exercises.html FOR EXTRA PRACTICE
Finish these sentences with what you do in these situations:
ESTAS FRASES ESTAN INCOMPLETAS. QUE HARIA UD PARA
COMPLETARLAS..
If I get sick, I …
If I miss the train, I …
If I don’t sleep well, I …
If I drink, I …
If it’s hot, I …
If it snows, I …

EN ESTA SECCION VAMOS A FAMILIARIZARNOS CON LOS TERMINOS

TECNICOS Y TECNICAS DE INSPECCION Y ENSAYO.
EN ESTE EJERCICIO UD DEBE PRIMERO BUSCAR LAS PALABRAS QUE NO
PUEDA ENTENDER EN EL IDIOMA ORIGINAL. LAS OTRAS PALABRAS
TECNICAS SE PARECEN A LAS MISMAS EN ESPAÑOL DEBIDO A SU ORIGEN
LATIN O GRIEGO.
TOMADO DE E-1444 PDF PAG 13 Y 14

X3. MEASUREMENT OF TANGENTIAL FIELD STRENGTH

X3.1 Care must be exercised when measuring the tangential applied field strengths specified in
6.3.2. The active area of the Hall effect probe should be no larger than 0.2 in. (5.1 mm)
by 0.2 in. (5.1 mm) and should have a maximum center location 5 mm from the part surface. The
plane of the probe must be perpendicular to the surface of the part at the location of
measurement to within 5 degrees. This is difficult to accomplish by hand orientation, therefore the
probe should be held in a jig or fixture of some type. If the current is being applied in shots, or if
alternating current or half-wave rectified alternating current is being used, the gaussmeter should
be set to read the peak value during the shot. The gaussmeter should have a frequency response
of 0 to 300 Hz or higher. The direction and magnitude of the tangential field on the part surface
can be determined by two measurements made at right angles to each other at the same spot.
The gaussmeter probe leads should be shielded or twisted to prevent reading errors due to
voltage induced during the large field changes encountered during magnetic particle examination.

X4. FORMULAS FOR DETERMINING PROPER CURRENT VALUES FOR COILS

X4.1 The following formulas have been used for many years to develop techniques for
examining parts using longitudinal fields produced by coils and cable wraps. Recent
studies have indicated that the fields produced by these formulas may be excessive for
some parts. They may be used as a guide to establish preliminary magnetizing current
values and should be verified by one of the magnetic field strength monitoring methods
referenced in 6.3.1.
X4.2 Coil and Cable Wrap—The following formulas hold only if the L/D is greater than 2
and less than 15. If L/D is les than 2, pole pieces (pieces of ferromagnetic material with the
same diameter as the part being examined ) may be placed on one or each end to effectively
increase the L/D to 2 or greater.
If the part has hollow portions, D may be replaced with Deff as outlined in X4.2.4.
X4.2.1 Longitudinal Magnetization with Low Fill Factor Coils—When the cross-sectional
area of the coil is ten or moretimes the cross-sectional area of part being examined, the
following formulae apply:
X4.2.1.1 For parts positioned to the side of the coil:

where:
N = the number of turns in the coil,
I = the current in amperes applied to the coil,
K = 45 000 A turns,
FIG. X2.3 Shims for Magnetic Particle Testing