Professional Documents
Culture Documents
METHODS &
MACHINERY
M140039MS Ajay Ram K P
What is an Industrial Dispute?
(ii) An industrial matter in which both the parties are directly and
substantially interested.
(iii) Other potential factors like corruption in industry and public life,
easy money etc. can also result into industrial disputes.
Industrial Disputes
Strikes Lockouts
Dispute
Code of
Discipline Settlement
Conciliation
Grievance
Procedure Adjudication
Consultative
Machinery
Collective Bargaining
The final outcome of bargaining may also depend upon the art,
skill and dexterity of displaying the strength by the
representatives of one party to the other.
Code of Discipline
Strike is one of the oldest and the most effective weapons of labor in its
struggle with capital for securing economic justice.
Strike has been defined in Section 2 (q) of the Industrial Disputes Act
as—
“Strike means a cessation of work by a body of persons employed in
any industry acting in combination, or a concerted refusal, or a refusal
under a common understanding, of any number of persons who are or
have been so employed to continue to work or to accept
employment.”
Two main ingredients of strike are
Cessation of Work
Concerted Action
Lockouts
Section 2(1) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 defines “Lock-out” as
the closing of a place of business of employment or the suspension of
work, or the refusal by an employer to continue to employ any number
of persons employed by him.
It is declared by employers to put pressure on their workers. It is
counterpart of a strike.
Lockout may happen for several reasons. When only part of a trade
union votes to strike, the purpose of a lockout is to put pressure on a
union by reducing the number of members who are able to work.
Every employer has the option to lock out workers, if – a dispute has
been referred to a council or the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation
and Arbitration (CCMA); a certificate that a dispute remains unresolved
has been issued; 30 days have elapsed since the referral; and
Lockouts