EXAMPLES

[1] Find the inertia force for the following data of an I.C. engine: Bore = 175 mm,
stroke = 200 mm, engine speed = 500 r.p.m., length of connecting rod = 400
mm, crank angle = 60° from T.D.C and mass of reciprocating parts = 180 kg.
[S-13.7 V.P.singh, 18505.6 N]
[2] A vertical petrol engine 150 mm diameter and 200 mm stroke has a connecting
rod 350 mm long. The mass of the piston is 1.6 kg and the engine speed is
1800 rpm. On the expansion stroke with crank angle 30° from top dead centre,
the gas pressure 750 X 10 3 N/m 2 . Determine the net thrust on the piston.
[S-13.15 V.P.singh, 7533.936 N]
[3] In a recriprocating engine, length of stroke is 30 cm and connecting rod is 60
cm long between centres. When the piston has travelled 8 cm from the inner
centre, find (i) angular position of the crank, (ii) velocity and acceleration of
the piston, (iii) angular velocity of the connecting rod, if the engine speed is
240 rpm.
[S-13.3 V.P.singh, 56.4°, 3.57 m/s, 43.25 rad/s 2 , 3.55 rad/s]
[4] The crank-pin circle radius of a horizontal engine is 300 mm. The mass of the
reciprocating parts is 250 kg. When the crank has travelled 60° from I.D.C.,
the difference between the driving and the back pressure is 0.35 N/mm2 . The
connecting rod length between centres is 1.2 m and cylinder bore is 0.5 m. If
the engine runs at 250 rpm and if the effect of piston rod diameter is neglected,
Find (a) pressure on slide bars (b) thrust in connecting rod, (c) tangential
force on the crank pin, & (d) turning moment on crank shaft.
[68.73 KN, 50.62 KN, 48.28 KN, 14.484 KN-m] [R.S.Khurmi, S-15.7]
[5] A vertical single cylinder engine has a cylinder dia of 250 mm and a stroke of
450 mm. The reciprocating parts have a mass of 180 kg. The connecting rod
is 4 times the crank radius and speed is 360 rpm. When the crank has turned
through an angle of 45° from top dead centre, the net pressure on the piston
is 1.05 MPa. Calculate the effective turning moment on the crankshaft for this
position. [2368 N-m] {R.S.K. Us-9]
[6] The crank and connecting rod of a vertical petrol engine, running at 1800 rpm
are 60 mm and 270 mm respectively. The diameter of the piston is 100 m
and the mass of the reciprocating parts is 1.2 kg. During the expansion stroke
when the crank has turned 20° from the top dead centre, the gas pressure is
650 kN/m2 . Determine the (i) net force on the piston, (ii) resultant (net) load
on the gudgeon pin, (iii) thrust on the cylinder walls, (iv) speed at which the
gudgeon pin load is reversed in direction.
[2276.8 N, 2283.4 N, 173.5 N, 2416.3 rpm] [Rattan S-13.3]
[7] The crank and connecting rod of a petrol engine, running at 1800 rpm are 50
mm and 200 mm respectively. The diameter of the piston is 80 mm and the
mass of the reciprocating parts is 1 kg. At a point during the power stroke,
the pressure on the piston is 0.7 N/mm 2 , when it has moved 10 mm from the
inner dead centre. Find : (a) net load on the gudgeon pin, (b) thrust in
connecting rod, (c) reaction between the piston & cylinder & (d) engine speed
at which above values become zero.
[1849 N, 1866.3 N, 254 N, 2612 rpm] [ R.S.Khurmi,S-15.9]
[8] In a vertical double-acting steam engine, the connecting rod is 4.5 times the
crank. The weight of the reciprocating parts is 120 kg and the stroke of the
piston is 440 mm. The engine runs at 250 rpm. If the net load on the piston
due to steam pressure is 25 kN when the crank has turned through an angle
of 120° from the top dead centre, determine the (i) thrust in the connecting
rod, (ii) pressure on the slide bars, (iii) tangential force on the crank pin, (iv)
thrust on the bearings, (v) turning moment on the crank shaft. [37945 N,
7305 N, 28594 N, -24944 N, 6290.7 N-m] [rattan S-13.4]
[9] In a double acting vertical steam engine running at 360 rpm, cylinder dia is 25
cm, stroke is 30 cm, diameter of piston rod is 3.75 cm and length of the
connecting rod is 60 cm. When the crank has moved 120° from top dead
centre, the pressure steam on cover end is 350 kPa and at crank end is 30

'PARSHVA CLASSES', Khatri Pole, Behind Jubilee Baug, Baroda-1, Ph. 2432603 [[ 15 ]]
 kPa. If the mass of the reciprocating parts is 45 kg, find (a) piston effort and
(b) turning moment on the crank shaft for the given crank position.
[22176.35 N, 2512.06 N-m] [V.P.singh S-13.17]
[10] A vertical double acting steam engine has a cylinder 300 mm diameter and
450 mm stroke and runs at 200 rpm. The reciprocating parts has a mass of
225 kg and the piston rod is 50 mm dia. The connecting rod is 1.2 m long.
When the crank has turned through 125° from the top dead centre, the steam
pressure above the piston is 30 KN/m 2 and below the piston is 1.5 KN/m 2 .
Calculate the effective turning moment on the crank shaft. [3021.6 N-m]
[R.S.Khurmi, S-15.8]
[11] A vertical petrol engine 100 mm dia and 120 mm stroke has a connecting rod
250 mm long. The mass of the piston is 1.1 kg. The speed is 2000 rpm. On
the expansion stroke with a crank 20° from top dead centre, the gas pressure
is 700 KN/m 2 . Determine : (a) net force on the piston, (b) resultant load on
the gudgeon pin, (c) thrust on the cylinder walls, and (d) speed above which,
other things remaining same, the gudgeon pin load would be reversed in
direction. [2256.8 N, 2265 N, 185.5 N, 2606 rpm] [R.S.Khurmi, S-
15.11]
[12] A horizontal gas engine running at 210 rpm has a bore of 220 mm and a
stroke of 440 mm. The connecting rod is 924 mm long and the reciprocating
parts weigh 20 kg.When the crank has turned through an angle of 30° from
the IDC, the gas pressures on the cover and crank sides are 500 kN/m 2 and
60 N/m 2 respectively. Diameter of the piston rod is 40 mm. Determine (i)
turning moment on the crank shaft, (ii) thrust on the bearings, (iii) acceleration
of the flywheel which has a mass of 8 kg and radius of gyration of 600 mm
while the power of the engine is 22 kW. [1983 N-m, 11852 N, 330.9 rad/
s 2 ] [Rattan S-13.2]
[13]A horizontal steam engine running at 120 rpm has a bore of 250 mm and a
stroke of 400 mm. The connecting rod is 0.6 m and mass of the reciprocating
parts is 60 kg. When the crank has turned through an angle of 45° from the
inner dead centre, the steam pressure on the cover end side is 550 KN/m 2
and that on the crank end side is 70 KN/m 2 . Considering the diameter of the
piston rod equal to 50 mm, determine: (a) turning moment on the crank
shaft, (b) thrust on bearings, (c) acceleration of the flywheel, if the power of
engine is 20 KW, mass of the flywheel 60 kg & radius of gyration 0.6 m.
[3920 N-m, 11.96 KN, 107.8 rad/sec 2 ] [R.S.Khurmi, S-15.12]
[14] The crank and the connecting rod of a vertical single cylinder gas engine running
at 1800 rpm are 60 mm and 240 mm respectively. The diameter of the piston
is 80 mm and the mass of the reciprocating parts is 1.2 kg. At a point during
the power stroke when the piston has moved 20 from the top dead centre
position, the pressure on the piston is 800 kN/m2. Determine the (i) net force
on the piston, (ii) thrust in the connecting rod, (iii) thrust on the sides of the
cylinder walls, (iv) engine speed at which the above values are zero. [2144
N, 2176 N, 380 N, 2630 rpm] [Rattan S-13.5]
[15] The following data related to a horizontal reciprocating engine :
Mass of reciprocating parts = 120 kg, Crank length = 90 mm, Engine speed =
600 rpm, Connecting rod mass = 90 kg, Length between centres = 450 mm,
Distance ofcentre of mass from big end centre = 180 mm, Radius of gyration
about an axis through centre of mass = 150 mm. Find the magnitude and
direction of the inertia torque on the crankshaft when the crank has turned 30°
from the inner dead centre. [3024.7 N-m counterclockwise] [ Rattan S-
13.7]

'PARSHVA CLASSES', Khatri Pole, Behind Jubilee Baug, Baroda-1, Ph. 2432603 [[ 16 ]]
 EXAMPLES
[1] Find the inertia force for the following data of an I.C. engine: Bore = 175 mm,
stroke = 200 mm, engine speed = 500 r.p.m., length of connecting rod = 400
mm, crank angle = 60° from T.D.C and mass of reciprocating parts = 180 kg.
[S-13.7 V.P.singh, 18505.6 N]
[2] A vertical petrol engine 150 mm diameter and 200 mm stroke has a connecting
rod 350 mm long. The mass of the piston is 1.6 kg and the engine speed is
1800 rpm. On the expansion stroke with crank angle 30° from top dead centre,
the gas pressure 750 X 10 3 N/m 2 . Determine the net thrust on the piston.
[S-13.15 V.P.singh, 7533.936 N]
[3] In a recriprocating engine, length of stroke is 30 cm and connecting rod is 60
cm long between centres. When the piston has travelled 8 cm from the inner
centre, find (i) angular position of the crank, (ii) velocity and acceleration of
the piston, (iii) angular velocity of the connecting rod, if the engine speed is
240 rpm.
[S-13.3 V.P.singh, 56.4°, 3.57 m/s, 43.25 rad/s 2 , 3.55 rad/s]
[4] The crank-pin circle radius of a horizontal engine is 300 mm. The mass of the
reciprocating parts is 250 kg. When the crank has travelled 60° from I.D.C.,
the difference between the driving and the back pressure is 0.35 N/mm2 . The
connecting rod length between centres is 1.2 m and cylinder bore is 0.5 m. If
the engine runs at 250 rpm and if the effect of piston rod diameter is neglected,
Find (a) pressure on slide bars (b) thrust in connecting rod, (c) tangential
force on the crank pin, & (d) turning moment on crank shaft.
[68.73 KN, 50.62 KN, 48.28 KN, 14.484 KN-m] [R.S.Khurmi, S-15.7]
[5] A vertical single cylinder engine has a cylinder dia of 250 mm and a stroke of
450 mm. The reciprocating parts have a mass of 180 kg. The connecting rod
is 4 times the crank radius and speed is 360 rpm. When the crank has turned
through an angle of 45° from top dead centre, the net pressure on the piston
is 1.05 MPa. Calculate the effective turning moment on the crankshaft for this
position. [2368 N-m] {R.S.K. Us-9]
[6] The crank and connecting rod of a vertical petrol engine, running at 1800 rpm
are 60 mm and 270 mm respectively. The diameter of the piston is 100 m
and the mass of the reciprocating parts is 1.2 kg. During the expansion stroke
when the crank has turned 20° from the top dead centre, the gas pressure is
650 kN/m2 . Determine the (i) net force on the piston, (ii) resultant (net) load
on the gudgeon pin, (iii) thrust on the cylinder walls, (iv) speed at which the
gudgeon pin load is reversed in direction.
[2276.8 N, 2283.4 N, 173.5 N, 2416.3 rpm] [Rattan S-13.3]
[7] The crank and connecting rod of a petrol engine, running at 1800 rpm are 50
mm and 200 mm respectively. The diameter of the piston is 80 mm and the
mass of the reciprocating parts is 1 kg. At a point during the power stroke,
the pressure on the piston is 0.7 N/mm 2 , when it has moved 10 mm from the
inner dead centre. Find : (a) net load on the gudgeon pin, (b) thrust in
connecting rod, (c) reaction between the piston & cylinder & (d) engine speed
at which above values become zero.
[1849 N, 1866.3 N, 254 N, 2612 rpm] [ R.S.Khurmi,S-15.9]
[8] In a vertical double-acting steam engine, the connecting rod is 4.5 times the
crank. The weight of the reciprocating parts is 120 kg and the stroke of the
piston is 440 mm. The engine runs at 250 rpm. If the net load on the piston
due to steam pressure is 25 kN when the crank has turned through an angle
of 120° from the top dead centre, determine the (i) thrust in the connecting
rod, (ii) pressure on the slide bars, (iii) tangential force on the crank pin, (iv)
thrust on the bearings, (v) turning moment on the crank shaft. [37945 N,
7305 N, 28594 N, -24944 N, 6290.7 N-m] [rattan S-13.4]
[9] In a double acting vertical steam engine running at 360 rpm, cylinder dia is 25
cm, stroke is 30 cm, diameter of piston rod is 3.75 cm and length of the
connecting rod is 60 cm. When the crank has moved 120° from top dead
centre, the pressure steam on cover end is 350 kPa and at crank end is 30
kPa. If the mass of the reciprocating parts is 45 kg, find (a) piston effort and
'PARSHVA CLASSES', Khatri Pole, Behind Jubilee Baug, Baroda-1, Ph. 2432603 [[ 17 ]]
 (b) turning moment on the crank shaft for the given crank position.
[22176.35 N, 2512.06 N-m] [V.P.singh S-13.17]
[10] A vertical double acting steam engine has a cylinder 300 mm diameter and
450 mm stroke and runs at 200 rpm. The reciprocating parts has a mass of
225 kg and the piston rod is 50 mm dia. The connecting rod is 1.2 m long.
When the crank has turned through 125° from the top dead centre, the steam
pressure above the piston is 30 KN/m 2 and below the piston is 1.5 KN/m 2 .
Calculate the effective turning moment on the crank shaft. [3021.6 N-m]
[R.S.Khurmi, S-15.8]
[11] A vertical petrol engine 100 mm dia and 120 mm stroke has a connecting rod
250 mm long. The mass of the piston is 1.1 kg. The speed is 2000 rpm. On
the expansion stroke with a crank 20° from top dead centre, the gas pressure
is 700 KN/m 2 . Determine : (a) net force on the piston, (b) resultant load on
the gudgeon pin, (c) thrust on the cylinder walls, and (d) speed above which,
other things remaining same, the gudgeon pin load would be reversed in
direction. [2256.8 N, 2265 N, 185.5 N, 2606 rpm] [R.S.Khurmi, S-
15.11]
[12] A horizontal gas engine running at 210 rpm has a bore of 220 mm and a
stroke of 440 mm. The connecting rod is 924 mm long and the reciprocating
parts weigh 20 kg.When the crank has turned through an angle of 30° from
the IDC, the gas pressures on the cover and crank sides are 500 kN/m 2 and
60 N/m 2 respectively. Diameter of the piston rod is 40 mm. Determine (i)
turning moment on the crank shaft, (ii) thrust on the bearings, (iii) acceleration
of the flywheel which has a mass of 8 kg and radius of gyration of 600 mm
while the power of the engine is 22 kW. [1983 N-m, 11852 N, 330.9 rad/
s 2 ] [Rattan S-13.2]
[13]A horizontal steam engine running at 120 rpm has a bore of 250 mm and a
stroke of 400 mm. The connecting rod is 0.6 m and mass of the reciprocating
parts is 60 kg. When the crank has turned through an angle of 45° from the
inner dead centre, the steam pressure on the cover end side is 550 KN/m 2
and that on the crank end side is 70 KN/m 2 . Considering the diameter of the
piston rod equal to 50 mm, determine: (a) turning moment on the crank
shaft, (b) thrust on bearings, (c) acceleration of the flywheel, if the power of
engine is 20 KW, mass of the flywheel 60 kg & radius of gyration 0.6 m.
[3920 N-m, 11.96 KN, 107.8 rad/sec 2 ] [R.S.Khurmi, S-15.12]
[14] The crank and the connecting rod of a vertical single cylinder gas engine running
at 1800 rpm are 60 mm and 240 mm respectively. The diameter of the piston
is 80 mm and the mass of the reciprocating parts is 1.2 kg. At a point during
the power stroke when the piston has moved 20 from the top dead centre
position, the pressure on the piston is 800 kN/m2. Determine the (i) net force
on the piston, (ii) thrust in the connecting rod, (iii) thrust on the sides of the
cylinder walls, (iv) engine speed at which the above values are zero. [2144
N, 2176 N, 380 N, 2630 rpm] [Rattan S-13.5]
[15] The following data related to a horizontal reciprocating engine :
Mass of reciprocating parts = 120 kg, Crank length = 90 mm, Engine speed =
600 rpm, Connecting rod mass = 90 kg, Length between centres = 450 mm,
Distance ofcentre of mass from big end centre = 180 mm, Radius of gyration
about an axis through centre of mass = 150 mm. Find the magnitude and
direction of the inertia torque on the crankshaft when the crank has turned 30°
from the inner dead centre. [3024.7 N-m counterclockwise] [ Rattan S-
13.7]

'PARSHVA CLASSES', Khatri Pole, Behind Jubilee Baug, Baroda-1, Ph. 2432603 [[ 18 ]]