ES 11: STATICS OF RIGID BODIES

LECTURE 13:

FRAMES

ENGR. GIANCARLO P. VENTURA

Institute of Civil Engineering
College of Engineering
University of the Philippines Diliman
 FRAMES
- structures supporting loads which are made
up of members where at least one of which is
not a two- force member (rather, a multi- force
member)

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 FRAMES

• A free body diagram of the complete frame is used to determine the external forces
acting on the frame.
• Internal forces are determined by dismembering the frame and creating free body
diagrams for each frame component.
• Forces on two-force members have known lines of action but unknown magnitudes
and sense.
• Forces on multi-force members have unknown magnitudes and lines of action.
They must be represented with two unknown components.
• Forces between connected components are equal, have the same line of action,
and opposite sense.
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 FRAMES
Rigid Frames - frames that do NOT collapse when
removed from supports

Rigid Frame Collapsible Frame

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 FRAMES

General Steps in Frame Analysis

1) Draw the FBD of the whole frame

2) Solve for necessary support reactions*

3) Dismember the structure.

4) Solve the forces in the dismembered system

using equilibrium equations.

*a structure may be acted upon by more than 3 reactions. For this

case, you cannot solve all reactions at this step.

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 EXAMPLE 13.1
SOLUTION:
Members ACE and BCD are connected
by a pin at C and by the link DE. For • Draw the Free Body Diagram of the
the loading shown, determine the force entire frame.
in link DE and the components of the • Determine the reactions at the supports.
force exerted at C on member BCD.

+↑ Σ𝐹𝑦 = 0: − 480 + 𝐴𝑦 = 0
Ax 𝐴𝑦 = 𝟒𝟖𝟎 𝐍 ↑

+ Σ𝑀 = 0: 𝐵 0.16 − 480 0.1 = 0

↺ 𝐴
Ay
𝐵 = 𝟑𝟎𝟎 𝑵 →
B

+↑ Σ𝐹𝑥 = 0: 300 + 𝐴𝑥 = 0
𝐴𝑥 = −300 𝑁 = 𝟑𝟎𝟎 𝑵 ←

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 EXAMPLE 13.1
SOLUTION:
Members ACE and BCD are connected
by a pin at C and by the link DE. For • Dismember the frame into three.
the loading shown, determine the force
in link DE and the components of the
force exerted at C on member BCD.

Ax = 𝟑𝟎𝟎 𝑵

Ay = 𝟒𝟖𝟎 𝐍
B = 𝟑𝟎𝟎 𝑵

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 EXAMPLE 13.1
SOLUTION:
Members ACE and BCD are connected
• Using FBD of member BCD,
by a pin at C and by the link DE. For
the loading shown, determine the force
in link DE and the components of the
force exerted at C on member BCD.

8
15
Ax = 𝟑𝟎𝟎 𝑵
↺
+ Σ𝑀𝐶 = 0:
8
− 300 (0.06) − 480 0.1 − 𝐹𝐷𝐸 0.25 = 0
Ay = 𝟒𝟖𝟎 𝐍 152 + 82
B = 𝟑𝟎𝟎 𝑵 𝐹𝐷𝐸 = − 561 N 𝑭𝑫𝑬 = 𝟓𝟔𝟏 𝐍 𝑪

+ 15
→ Σ𝐹𝑥 = 0: 300 + 𝐶𝑥 + 561 =0
152 + 82
𝐶𝑥 = −795 N 𝑪𝒙 = 𝟕𝟗𝟓 𝐍 ←

8
+↑ Σ𝐹𝑦 = 0: 𝐶𝑦 − 480 + 561 =0
152 + 82
𝑪𝒚 = 𝟐𝟏𝟔 𝐍 ↑

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 EXAMPLE 13.2
The frame shown below is composed of SOLUTION:
members ABC, BD, and ADE. It is
supported by a pin at C and a roller at E. • Draw the Free Body Diagram of the
Draw the correct FBD of member ADE entire frame.
and the corresponding forces acting on it. • Determine the reactions at the supports.

Σ𝑀𝐶
= 0: −30 150 − 8(300)
+ 𝐸𝑦 300 = 0
𝑬𝒚 = 𝟐𝟑 𝒌𝑵 ↑

Σ𝐹𝑥 = 0: 8 − 𝐶𝑥 = 0
𝑪𝑿 = 𝟖 𝒌𝑵 ←

Cx Σ𝐹𝑦 = 0: 𝐶𝑦 + 𝐸𝑦 − 15 − 30 = 0
Cy Ey 𝑪𝒚 = 𝟐𝟐 𝒌𝑵 ↑
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 EXAMPLE 13.2
The frame shown below is composed of SOLUTION:
members ABC, BD, and ADE. It is
supported by a pin at C and a roller at E. • Dismember the frame into three.
Draw the correct FBD of member ADE
and the corresponding forces acting on it.

Cx = 8 kN

Cy = 22 kN Ey = 23 kN
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 EXAMPLE 13.2
The frame shown below is composed of SOLUTION:
members ABC, BD, and ADE. It is
supported by a pin at C and a roller at E. • Analyze member ABC.
Draw the correct FBD of member ADE
and the corresponding forces acting on it. Σ𝑀𝐴 = 0:
3
8 200 − 𝐹𝐵𝐷 400 − 8 500 = 0
Hence, the forces 5
acting on 𝑭𝑩𝑫 = −𝟏𝟎 𝒌𝑵 = 𝟏𝟎 𝒌𝑵 (𝑻)
member ABC:

𝐹𝐵𝐷 = 10 𝑘𝑁 ↗ Σ𝐹𝑥 = 0:
3
𝐴𝑥 = 6 𝑘𝑁 ← − −10 − 8 + 8 − 𝐴𝑥 = 0
5
𝐴𝑦 = 30 𝑘𝑁 ↓ 𝑨𝒙 = 𝟔 𝒌𝑵 ←
Σ𝐹𝑦 = 0:
4
− −10 + 22 − 𝐴𝑦 = 0
5
𝑨𝒚 = 𝟑𝟎 𝒌𝑵 ↓
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 EXAMPLE 13.2
The frame shown below is composed of SOLUTION:
members ABC, BD, and ADE. It is
supported by a pin at C and a roller at E. • Analyze member ADE.
Draw the correct FBD of member ADE
and the corresponding forces acting on it.

Hence, the forces

acting on
member ABC:

𝐹𝐵𝐷 = 10 𝑘𝑁 ↗
Hence, the forces
𝐴𝑥 = 6 𝑘𝑁 ← acting on
member ADE:
𝐴𝑦 = 30 𝑘𝑁 ↓ 𝑭𝑩𝑫 = 𝟏𝟎 𝒌𝑵 ↙
𝑨𝒙 = 𝟔 𝒌𝑵 ⟶
𝑨𝒚 = 𝟑𝟎 𝒌𝑵 ↑
𝑬𝒚 = 𝟐𝟑 𝒌𝑵 ↑

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 EXAMPLE 13.3
Determine the of reactions at SOLUTION:
pins A and C of the two- • Draw the Free Body Diagram of the
member frame. bar.

↺
+ Σ𝑀𝐴 = 0:
4
𝐶𝑥 3 −200 3 1.5 −500 3 =0
Ax 5
3 𝑪𝒙 = 𝟕𝟎𝟎 𝐍 →
4

Ay 500 N ↺
+ Σ𝑀𝐶 = 0:

−𝐴𝑥 3 −200 3 1.5 −

4 3
500 3 + 500 3 =0
5 5
𝐴𝑥 = −400 N = 𝟒𝟎𝟎 𝐍 ←
Cx 4
+↑ Σ𝐹𝑦 = 0:𝐴𝑦+𝐶𝑦−200 3 −500 =0
5
Cy 𝐴𝑦 + 𝐶𝑦 = 1000
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 EXAMPLE 13.3
Determine the of reactions at SOLUTION:
pins A and C of the two- • Dismember the frame.
member frame. FBC
45°
𝑨𝒚 + 𝑪𝒚 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎

Ax

Ay Cx = 700 N

Cy

𝐶𝑥 = 𝐶𝑦
𝑪𝒚 = 𝟕𝟎𝟎𝑵 ↑
Cx
𝐴𝑦 = 1000 − 𝐶𝑦
Cy 𝑨𝒚 = 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝑵 ↑
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 PRACTICE PROBLEM A

For the frame and

loading shown,

Draw the free body

diagram of ABD showing
the correct magnitude
and direction of the
forces acting on it.

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 PRACTICE PROBLEM B

For the frame and loading

shown, determine

A. the force P required for

equilibrium
B. the corresponding force
in member BD
C. the corresponding
reaction at C.

C. Cx =109.808 N ←; Cy = 86.603 N ↑
B. 126.8 N (T)
A. 109.8 N →
ANSWERS:

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 ES 11: STATICS OF RIGID BODIES
END OF LECTURE
Engr. GIANCARLO P. VENTURA

Institute of Civil Engineering gianpventura@gmail.com

College of Engineering ICE 319
University of the Philippines Diliman UVLE: ES 11 (Ventura)

Beer, F. P. et al (2013). Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics and Dynamics (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Hibbeler, R. C., & Hibbeler, R. C. (2013). Engineering Mechanics: Statics (12th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall.
ES 11: STATICS OF RIGID BODIES GPVentura