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Resolução Do Capítulo 4 - Equilíbrio de Corpos Rígidos PDF
Resolução Do Capítulo 4 - Equilíbrio de Corpos Rígidos PDF
1
The boom on a 4300-kg truck is used to unload a pallet of shingles of
mass 1600 kg. Determine the reaction at each of the two (a) rear
wheels B, (b) front wheels C.
SOLUTION
(
WA = mA g = (1600 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 )
= 15696 N
or WA = 15.696 kN
(
WG = mG g = ( 4300 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 )
= 42 183 N
or WG = 42.183 kN
(a) From f.b.d. of truck with boom
ΣM C = 0: (15.696 kN ) ( 0.5 + 0.4 + 6 cos15° ) m − 2FB ( 0.5 + 0.4 + 4.3) m
+ ( 42.183 kN )( 0.5 m ) = 0
126.185
∴ 2 FB = = 24.266 kN
5.2
or FB = 12.13 kN
(b) From f.b.d. of truck with boom
174.786
∴ 2 FC = = 33.613 kN
5.2
or FC = 16.81 kN
SOLUTION
( )
WG = mG g = ( 65 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 637.65 N
( )
WC = mC g = ( 28 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 274.68 N
( )
WD = mD g = ( 40 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 392.4 N
1418.92
∴ Ay = − = −1182.43 N
1.2
or A y = 1.182 kN
2984.6
∴ By = = 2487.2 N
1.2
or B y = 2.49 kN
SOLUTION
SOLUTION
( 3250 − 3250 ) lb = 0 ok
PROBLEM 4.5
A T-shaped bracket supports the four loads shown. Determine the reactions
at A and B if (a) a = 100 mm, (b) a = 70 mm.
SOLUTION
(a)
2.400
∴ A= = 20 N or A = 20.0 N
0.12
ΣM A = 0: B ( 0.12 m ) − ( 40 N )( 0.06 m ) − ( 50 N )( 0.12 m ) − ( 30 N )( 0.22 m ) − (10 N )( 0.3 m ) = 0
18.000
∴ B= = 150 N or B = 150.0 N
0.12
(b)
1.200
∴ A= = 10 N or A = 10.00 N
0.12
ΣM A = 0: B ( 0.12 m ) − ( 40 N )( 0.06 m ) − ( 50 N )( 0.12 m ) − ( 30 N )( 0.19 m )
− (10 N )( 0.27 m ) = 0
16.800
∴ B= = 140 N or B = 140.0 N
0.12
PROBLEM 4.6
For the bracket and loading of Problem 4.5, determine the smallest
distance a if the bracket is not to move.
P4.5 A T-shaped bracket supports the four loads shown. Determine the
reactions at A and B if (a) a = 100 mm, (b) a = 70 mm.
SOLUTION
ΣM B = 0: ( 40 N )( 60 mm ) − ( 30 N )( a ) − (10 N )( a + 80 mm ) = 0
1600
∴a= = 40 mm
40
or amin = 40.0 mm
PROBLEM 4.7
A hand truck is used to move two barrels, each weighing 80 lb.
Neglecting the weight of the hand truck, determine (a) the vertical force
P which should be applied to the handle to maintain equilibrium when
α = 35o , (b) the corresponding reaction at each of the two wheels.
SOLUTION
b = ( 64 in.) cos α
ΣFy = 0: P − 2w + 2 B = 0 (2)
For α = 35°
a1 = 20sin 35° − 8cos 35° = 4.9183 in.
∴ P = 14.9896 lb or P = 14.99 lb
(b) From Equation (2)
14.9896 lb − 2 ( 80 lb ) + 2 B = 0
∴ B = 72.505 lb or B = 72.5 lb
PROBLEM 4.8
Solve Problem 4.7 when α = 40o.
P4.7 A hand truck is used to move two barrels, each weighing 80 lb.
Neglecting the weight of the hand truck, determine (a) the vertical force P
which should be applied to the handle to maintain equilibrium when
α = 35o , (b) the corresponding reaction at each of the two wheels.
SOLUTION
b = ( 64 in.) cos α
ΣFy = 0: P − 2w + 2B = 0 (2)
For α = 40°
a1 = 20sin 40° − 8cos 40° = 6.7274 in.
∴ P = 8.0450 lb
or P = 8.05 lb
(b) From Equation (2)
8.0450 lb − 2 ( 80 lb ) + 2B = 0
∴ B = 75.9775 lb
or B = 76.0 lb
PROBLEM 4.9
Four boxes are placed on a uniform 14-kg wooden plank which rests
on two sawhorses. Knowing that the masses of boxes B and D are
4.5 kg and 45 kg, respectively, determine the range of values of the
mass of box A so that the plank remains in equilibrium when box C is
removed.
SOLUTION
WA = m A g WD = mD g = 45 g
WB = mB g = 4.5 g WG = mG g = 14 g
For ( m A )min, E = 0
∴ m A = 2.32 kg
For ( m A )max, F = 0:
− ( 45g )( 2.6 m ) = 0
∴ mA = 265.6 kg
or 2.32 kg ≤ mA ≤ 266 kg
PROBLEM 4.10
A control rod is attached to a crank at A and cords are attached at B and
C. For the given force in the rod, determine the range of values of the
tension in the cord at C knowing that the cords must remain taut and that
the maximum allowed tension in a cord is 180 N.
SOLUTION
SOLUTION
ΣFx = 0: Bx = 0 so that B = By
or A + B = 600 N
Therefore, if either A or B has a magnitude of the maximum of 360 N,
the other support reaction will be < 360 N ( 600 N − 360 N = 240 N ) .
720 − 1.8B
or d =
600 − B
Since B ≤ 360 N,
SOLUTION
ΣFx = 0: Bx = 0 so that B = By
or A + B = 660 N
Therefore, if either A or B has a magnitude of the maximum of 360 N,
the other support reaction will be < 360 N ( 660 − 360 = 300 N ) .
+ B (1.8 − d ) = 0
720 − 1.8B
or d =
660 − B
Since B ≤ 360 N,
1.8 A − 468
or d =
A
Since A ≤ 360 N,
SOLUTION
SOLUTION
− ( 25 lb )( 2 in.) − ( 50 lb )( 8 in.) = 0
SOLUTION
3
Ay = A sin 60° = A
2
(a) From f.b.d. of ABCD
A
ΣM C = 0: ( 40 mm ) − 21 N ( 40 mm )
2
+ 14 N ( 20 mm ) = 0
∴ A = 28 N
or A = 28.0 N 60°
(b) From f.b.d. of ABCD
∴ C x = −28 N or C x = 28.0 N
∴ C y = −3.2487 N or C y = 3.25 N
Cy −1 −3.2487
and θ = tan −1 = tan = 6.6182°
Cx −28
or C = 28.2 N 6.62°
PROBLEM 4.16
A 6-m-long pole AB is placed in a hole and is guyed by three cables.
Knowing that the tensions in cables BD and BE are 442 N and 322 N,
respectively, determine (a) the tension in cable CD, (b) the reaction
at A.
SOLUTION
Note:
2.8 m
+ TCD ( 2.85 m ) = 0
3.50 m
∴ TCD = 300 N
or TCD = 300 N
(b) From f.b.d. of pole
2.8 m
ΣFx = 0: 322 N − ( 442 N )
5.95 m
2.8 m
− ( 300 N ) + Ax = 0
3.50 m
∴ Ax = 126 N or A x = 126 N
5.25 m 2.10 m
ΣFy = 0: Ay − ( 442 N ) − ( 300 N ) = 0
5.95 m 3.50 m
∴ Ay = 570 N or A y = 570 N
570 N
and θ = tan −1 = 77.535°
126 N
or A = 584 N 77.5°
PROBLEM 4.17
Determine the reactions at A and C when (a) α = 0, (b) α = 30o.
SOLUTION
(a) (a) α = 0°
From f.b.d. of member ABC
ΣM C = 0: (80 lb )(10 in.) + (80 lb )( 20 in.) − A ( 40 in.) = 0
∴ A = 60 lb
or A = 60.0 lb
ΣFy = 0: C y + 60 lb = 0
∴ C y = −60 lb or C y = 60 lb
ΣFx = 0: 80 lb + 80 lb + Cx = 0
∴ C x = −160 lb or C x = 160 lb
Cy −1 −60
and θ = tan −1 = tan = 20.556°
Cx −160
or C = 170.9 lb 20.6°
(b) (b) α = 30°
From f.b.d. of member ABC
ΣM C = 0: (80 lb )(10 in.) + ( 80 lb )( 20 in.) − ( A cos 30° )( 40 in.)
+ ( A sin 30° )( 20 in.) = 0
∴ A = 97.399 lb
or A = 97.4 lb 60°
PROBLEM 4.17 CONTINUED
ΣFx = 0: 80 lb + 80 lb + ( 97.399 lb ) sin 30° + Cx = 0
∴ C x = −208.70 lb or C x = 209 lb
∴ C y = −84.350 lb or C y = 84.4 lb
Cy −1 −84.350
and θ = tan −1 = tan = 22.007°
x
C −208.70
or C = 225 lb 22.0°
PROBLEM 4.18
Determine the reactions at A and B when (a) h = 0, (b) h = 8 in.
SOLUTION
(a) (a) h = 0
From f.b.d. of plate
ΣM A = 0: ( B sin 30° )( 20 in.) − ( 40 lb )(10 in.) = 0
∴ B = 40 lb
or B = 40.0 lb 30°
∴ Ax = 34.641 lb or A x = 34.6 lb
∴ Ay = 20 lb or A y = 20.0 lb
Ay −1 20
and θ = tan −1 = tan = 30.001°
Ax 34.641
or A = 40.0 lb 30°
(b) (b) h = 8 in.
From f.b.d. of plate
ΣM A = 0: ( B sin 30° )( 20 in.) − ( B cos 30° )(8 in.)
− ( 40 lb )(10 in.) = 0
∴ B = 130.217 lb
or B = 130.2 lb 30.0°
PROBLEM 4.18 CONTINUED
ΣFx = 0: Ax − (130.217 lb ) cos30° = 0
∴ Ax = 112.771 lb or A x = 112.8 lb
∴ Ay = −25.108 lb or A y = 25.1 lb
Ay −1 −25.108
and θ = tan −1 = tan = −12.5519°
x
A 112.771
or A = 115.5 lb 12.55°
PROBLEM 4.19
The lever BCD is hinged at C and is attached to a control rod at B. If
P = 200 N, determine (a) the tension in rod AB, (b) the reaction at C.
SOLUTION
∴ TAB = 300 N
(b) From f.b.d. of lever BCD
∴ C x = −380 N or C x = 380 N
∴ C y = −240 N or C y = 240 N
Cy −1 −240
and θ = tan −1 = tan = 32.276°
Cx −380
or C = 449 N 32.3°
PROBLEM 4.20
The lever BCD is hinged at C and is attached to a control rod at B.
Determine the maximum force P which can be safely applied at D if the
maximum allowable value of the reaction at C is 500 N.
SOLUTION
ΣFx = 0: 0.6TAB + P − C x = 0
∴ C x = P + 0.6TAB (2)
ΣFy = 0: 0.8TAB − C y = 0
∴ C y = 0.8TAB (3)
∴ 500 N = 2.2472Pmax
or Pmax = 222.49 lb
or P = 222 lb
PROBLEM 4.21
The required tension in cable AB is 800 N. Determine (a) the vertical
force P which must be applied to the pedal, (b) the corresponding
reaction at C.
SOLUTION
∴ P = 311.77 N
or P = 312 N
ΣFx = 0: Cx − 800 N = 0
∴ Cx = 800 N
or C x = 800 N
ΣFy = 0: C y − 311.77 N = 0
∴ C y = 311.77 N
or C y = 311.77 N
Cy −1 311.77
and θ = tan −1 = tan = 21.291°
x
C 800
or C = 859 N 21.3°
PROBLEM 4.22
Determine the maximum tension which can be developed in cable AB
if the maximum allowable value of the reaction at C is 1000 N.
SOLUTION
Now C 2 = C x2 + C y2
ΣFx = 0: C x − Tmax = 0
∴ C x = Tmax (2)
∴ C y = 0.38971Tmax (3)
Equating the expressions for C y in Equations (1) and (3), with Cx = Tmax
from Equation (2)
(1000 )2 − Tmax
2
= 0.389711Tmax
∴ Tmax
2
= 868,150
or Tmax = 932 N
PROBLEM 4.23
A steel rod is bent to form a mounting bracket. For each of the mounting
brackets and loadings shown, determine the reactions at A and B.
SOLUTION
(a) From f.b.d. of mounting bracket
(a) ΣM E = 0: A ( 8 in.) − 80 lb ⋅ in. − (10 lb )( 6 in.)
− ( 20 lb )(12 in.) = 0
∴ A = 47.5 lb
or A = 47.5 lb
ΣFx = 0: Bx − 10 lb + 47.5 lb = 0
∴ Bx = −37.5 lb
or B x = 37.5 lb
ΣFy = 0: By − 20 lb = 0
∴ By = 20 lb
or B y = 20.0 lb
By −1 20
and θ = tan −1 = tan = −28.072°
Bx −37.5
or B = 42.5 lb 28.1°
(b) From f.b.d. of mounting bracket
(b)
ΣM B = 0: ( A cos 45° )(8 in.) − 80 lb ⋅ in.
− (10 lb )( 6 in.) − ( 20 lb )(12 in.) = 0
∴ A = 67.175 lb
or A = 67.2 lb 45°
∴ Bx = −37.500 lb
or B x = 37.5 lb
PROBLEM 4.23 CONTINUED
∴ By = −27.500 lb
or B y = 27.5 lb
By −1 −27.5
and θ = tan −1 = tan = 36.254°
Bx −37.5
or B = 46.5 lb 36.3°
PROBLEM 4.24
A steel rod is bent to form a mounting bracket. For each of the
mounting brackets and loadings shown, determine the reactions at A
and B.
SOLUTION
∴ B = −37.5 lb
or B = 37.5 lb
ΣFx = 0: − 37.5 lb − 10 lb + Ax = 0
∴ Ax = 47.5 lb
or A x = 47.5 lb
ΣFy = 0: − 20 lb + Ay = 0
∴ Ay = 20 lb
or A y = 20.0 lb
Ay −1 20
and θ = tan −1 = tan = 22.834°
Ax 47.5
or A = 51.5 lb 22.8°
(b) (b) From f.b.d. of mounting bracket
ΣM A = 0: − ( B cos 45° )( 8 in.) − ( 20 lb )( 2 in.)
∴ B = −53.033 lb
or B = 53.0 lb 45°
∴ Ax = 47.500 lb
or A x = 47.5 lb
PROBLEM 4.24 CONTINUED
∴ Ay = −17.500 lb
or A y = 17.50 lb
Ay −1 −17.5
and θ = tan −1 = tan = −20.225°
Ax 47.5
or A = 50.6 lb 20.2°
PROBLEM 4.25
A sign is hung by two chains from mast AB. The mast is hinged at A and
is supported by cable BC. Knowing that the tensions in chains DE and
FH are 50 lb and 30 lb, respectively, and that d = 1.3 ft, determine
(a) the tension in cable BC, (b) the reaction at A.
SOLUTION
8.4
ΣM A = 0: TBC ( 2.5 ft ) − ( 30 lb )( 7.2 ft )
8.5
−50 lb ( 2.2 ft ) = 0
∴ TBC = 131.952 lb
or TBC = 132.0 lb
8.4
ΣFx = 0: Ax − (131.952 lb ) = 0
8.5
∴ Ax = 130.400 lb
or A x = 130.4 lb
1.3
ΣFy = 0: Ay + (131.952 lb ) − 30 lb − 50 lb = 0
8.5
∴ Ay = 59.819 lb
or A y = 59.819 lb
Ay −1 59.819
and θ = tan −1 = tan = 24.643°
x
A 130.4
or A = 143.5 lb 24.6°
PROBLEM 4.26
A sign is hung by two chains from mast AB. The mast is hinged at A
and is supported by cable BC. Knowing that the tensions in chains DE
and FH are 30 lb and 20 lb, respectively, and that d = 1.54 ft,
determine (a) the tension in cable BC, (b) the reaction at A.
SOLUTION
− 30 lb ( 2.2 ft ) = 0
∴ TBC = 85.401 lb
or TBC = 85.4 lb
(b) From f.b.d. of mast AB
8.4
ΣFx = 0: Ax − ( 85.401 lb ) = 0
8.54
∴ Ax = 84.001 lb
or A x = 84.001 lb
1.54
ΣFy = 0: Ay + ( 85.401 lb ) − 20 lb − 30 lb = 0
8.54
∴ Ay = 34.600 lb
or A y = 34.600 lb
Ay −1 34.6
and θ = tan −1 = tan = 22.387°
Ax 84.001
or A = 90.8 lb 22.4°
PROBLEM 4.27
For the frame and loading shown, determine the reactions at A and E
when (a) α = 30o , (b) α = 45o.
SOLUTION
ΣM A = 0: − ( 90 N )( 0.2 m ) − ( 90 N )( 0.06 m )
∴ E = 140.454 N
or E = 140.5 N 60°
∴ Ax = 19.7730 N
or A x = 19.7730 N
∴ Ay = −31.637 N
or A y = 31.6 N
Ay −1 −31.637
and θ = tan −1 = tan
Ax 19.7730
= −57.995°
or A = 37.3 N 58.0°
PROBLEM 4.27 CONTINUED
∴ E = 127.279 N
or E = 127.3 N 45°
∴ Ax = 0
∴ Ay = 0
or A = 0
PROBLEM 4.28
A lever AB is hinged at C and is attached to a control cable at A. If the
lever is subjected to a 300-N vertical force at B, determine
(a) the tension in the cable, (b) the reaction at C.
SOLUTION
First
x AC = ( 0.200 m ) cos 20° = 0.187 939 m
Then
yDA = 0.240 m − y AC
= 0.240 m − 0.068404 m
= 0.171596 m
yDA 0.171 596
and tan α = =
x AC 0.187 939
∴ α = 42.397°
and β = 90° − 20° − 42.397° = 27.603°
(a) From f.b.d. of lever AB
ΣM C = 0: T cos 27.603° ( 0.2 m )
∴ T = 477.17 N or T = 477 N
(b) From f.b.d. of lever AB
∴ C x = −352.39 N
or C x = 352.39 N
∴ C y = 621.74 N
or C y = 621.74 N
PROBLEM 4.28 CONTINUED
Cy −1 621.74
and θ = tan −1 = tan = −60.456°
x
C −352.39
or C = 715 N 60.5°
PROBLEM 4.29
Neglecting friction and the radius of the pulley, determine the tension
in cable BCD and the reaction at support A when d = 80 mm.
SOLUTION
First
60
α = tan −1 = 12.0948°
280
60
β = tan −1 = 36.870°
80
From f.b.d. of object BAD
ΣM A = 0: ( 40 N )( 0.18 m ) + (T cosα )( 0.08 m )
+ (T sin α )( 0.18 m ) − (T cos β )( 0.08 m )
− (T sin β )( 0.18 m ) = 0
7.2 N ⋅ m
∴ T = = 128.433 N
0.056061
or T = 128.4 N
∴ Ax = 22.836 N
or A x = 22.836 N
∴ Ay = −143.970 N
or A y = 143.970 N
Ay −1 −143.970
and θ = tan −1 = tan = −80.987°
Ax 22.836
or A = 145.8 N 81.0°
PROBLEM 4.30
Neglecting friction and the radius of the pulley, determine the tension in
cable BCD and the reaction at support A when d = 144 mm.
SOLUTION
First note
60
α = tan −1 = 15.5241°
216
60
β = tan −1 = 22.620°
144
From f.b.d. of member BAD
ΣM A = 0: ( 40 N )( 0.18 m ) + (T cosα )( 0.08 m )
+ (T sin α )( 0.18 m ) − (T cos β )( 0.08 m )
− (T sin β )( 0.18 m ) = 0
7.2 N ⋅ m
∴ T = = 404.04 N
0.0178199 m
or T = 404 N
∴ Ax = 16.3402 N
or A x = 16.3402 N
∴ Ay = −303.54 N
or A y = 303.54 N
Ay −1 −303.54
and θ = tan −1 = tan = −86.919°
x
A 16.3402
or A = 304 N 86.9°
PROBLEM 4.31
Neglecting friction, determine the tension in cable ABD and the reaction
at support C.
SOLUTION
∴ T = 20 lb
or T = 20.0 lb W
ΣFx = 0: Cx − 20 lb = 0
∴ C x = 20 lb
or C x = 20.0 lb
ΣFy = 0: C y + 20 lb − 30 lb = 0
∴ C y = 10 lb
or C y = 10.00 lb
Cy −1 10
and θ = tan −1 = tan = 26.565°
Cx 20
or C = 22.4 lb 26.6° W
PROBLEM 4.32
Rod ABC is bent in the shape of a circular arc of radius R. Knowing
that θ = 35o , determine the reaction (a) at B, (b) at C.
SOLUTION
For θ = 35°
ΣM D = 0: Cx( R ) − P( R ) = 0
∴ Cx = P
or Cx = P
P
∴ B= = 1.74345P
sin 35°
or B = 1.743P 55.0° W
∴ C y = −0.42815P
or C y = 0.42815P
Cy −1 −0.42815P
and θ = tan −1 = tan = −23.178°
Cx P
or C = 1.088P 23.2° W
PROBLEM 4.33
Rod ABC is bent in the shape of a circular arc of radius R. Knowing
that θ = 50o , determine the reaction (a) at B, (b) at C.
SOLUTION
For θ = 50°
ΣM D = 0: Cx ( R ) − P ( R ) = 0
∴ Cx = P
or Cx = P
P
∴ B= = 1.30541P
sin 50°
or B = 1.305P 40.0° W
∴ C y = 0.160900P
or C y = 0.1609 P
Cy −1 0.1609 P
and θ = tan −1 = tan = 9.1405°
x
C P
or C = 1.013P 9.14° W
PROBLEM 4.34
Neglecting friction and the radius of the pulley, determine (a) the
tension in cable ABD, (b) the reaction at C.
SOLUTION
First note
15
α = tan −1 = 22.620°
36
15
β = tan −1 = 36.870°
20
(a) From f.b.d. of member ABC
ΣM C = 0: ( 30 lb )( 28 in.) − (T sin 22.620° )( 36 in.)
− (T sin 36.870° )( 20 in.) = 0
∴ T = 32.500 lb
or T = 32.5 lb W
(b) From f.b.d. of member ABC
∴ C x = −56.000 lb
or C x = 56.000 lb
∴ C y = −2.0001 lb
or C y = 2.0001 lb
Cy −1 −2.0
and θ = tan −1 = tan = 2.0454°
Cx −56.0
or C = 56.0 lb 2.05° W
PROBLEM 4.35
Neglecting friction, determine the tension in cable ABD and the
reaction at C when θ = 60o.
SOLUTION
P
∴ T =
1.5
2P
or T = W
3
2P
ΣFx = 0: C x − cos 30° = 0
3
3
∴ Cx = P = 0.57735P
3
or C x = 0.577 P
2 2P
ΣFy = 0: C y + P−P+ cos 60° = 0
3 3
∴ Cy = 0
or C = 0.577P W
PROBLEM 4.36
Neglecting friction, determine the tension in cable ABD and the
reaction at C when θ = 30o.
SOLUTION
P
∴ T = = 0.53590P
1.86603
or T = 0.536 P W
∴ Cx = 0.26795P
or C x = 0.268P
∴ Cy = 0
or C = 0.268P W
PROBLEM 4.37
Determine the tension in each cable and the reaction at D.
SOLUTION
First note
or TBE = 646 lb W
8 8
ΣFy = 0: − 120 lb + ( 646.24 lb ) − TCF = 0
21.541 12.8062
∴ TCF = 192.099 lb
or TCF = 192.1 lb W
20 10
ΣFx = 0: ( 646.24 lb ) + (192.099 lb ) − D = 0
21.541 12.8062
∴ D = 750.01 lb
or D = 750 lb W
PROBLEM 4.38
Rod ABCD is bent in the shape of a circular arc of radius 80 mm and
rests against frictionless surfaces at A and D. Knowing that the collar
at B can move freely on the rod and that θ = 45o. determine (a) the
tension in cord OB, (b) the reactions at A and D.
SOLUTION
or T = 17.68 N W
∴ N A − ND = 0
or ND = N A (1)
− ( 25 N ) sin 60° = 0
∴ N A + N D = 48.296 N (2)
2 N A = 48.296 N
N A = 24.148 N
or N A = 24.1 N 45.0° W
SOLUTION
− ( 25 N ) cos 60° = 0
∴ ND − N A = 0
or ND = N A (2)
∴ N D + N A = 30.619 N (3)
Substituting Equation (2) into Equation (3),
2 N A = 30.619
N A = 15.3095 N
or N A = 15.31 N 45.0° W
SOLUTION
yDB 10
= ∴ yDB = 3 in.
6 20
14
Tx = T = 0.97780T
14.3178
3
Ty = T = 0.20953T
14.3178
(a) From f.b.d. of bar AC
ΣM E = 0: ( 0.97780T )( 7 in.) − ( 0.20953T )( 6 in.)
− (100 lb )(16 in.) − (100 lb )( 4 in.) = 0
∴ T = 357.95 lb
or T = 358 lb W
(b) From f.b.d. of bar AC
ΣFy = 0: A − 100 − 0.20953 ( 357.95 ) − 100 = 0
∴ A = 275.00 lb
or A = 275 lb W
(c) From f.b.d of bar AC
∴ C = 350.00 lb
or C = 350 lb W
PROBLEM 4.41
A parabolic slot has been cut in plate AD, and the plate has been
placed so that the slot fits two fixed, frictionless pins B and C. The
equation of the slot is y = x 2 /100, where x and y are expressed in mm.
Knowing that the input force P = 4 N, determine (a) the force each
pin exerts on the plate, (b) the output force Q.
SOLUTION
x2
The equation of the slot is y =
100
dy
Now = slope of the slot at C
dx C
2x
= = 1.200
100 x = 60 mm
xC = 60 mm, yC =
( 60 ) 2 = 36 mm
100
Also, the coordinates of D are xD = 60 mm
yD = 46 mm + ( 40 mm ) sin β
120 − 66
where β = tan −1 = 12.6804°
240
∴ yD = 46 mm + ( 40 mm ) tan12.6804°
= 55.000 mm
PROBLEM 4.41 CONTINUED
60 mm 60 mm
Also, yED = =
tan β tan12.6804°
= 266.67 mm
From f.b.d. of plate AD
( NC cos 39.806° ) 266.67 − ( 55.0 − 36.0 ) mm + NC sin ( 39.806° )( 60 mm ) − ( 4 N )( 266.67 − 55.0 ) mm = 0
∴ NC = 3.7025 N
or NC = 3.70 N 39.8°
∴ Q = 5.2649 N
or Q = 5.26 N 77.3°
ΣFy = 0: N B + NC sin θ − Q cos β = 0
∴ N B = 2.7662 N
or N B = 2.77 N
SOLUTION
x2
The equation of the slot is, y =
100
dy
Now = slope of slot at C
dx C
2x
= = 1.200
100 x = 60 mm
xC = 60 mm, yC =
( 60 )2 = 36 mm
100
Also, the coordinates of D are
xD = 60 mm
yD = 46 mm + ( 40 mm ) sin β
120 − 66
where β = tan −1 = 12.6804°
240
∴ yD = 46 mm + ( 40 mm ) tan12.6804° = 55.000 mm
Note: xE = 0
yE = yC + ( 60 mm ) tan θ
= 36 mm + ( 60 mm ) tan 39.806°
= 86.001 mm
(a) From f.b.d. of plate AD
∴ P = 6.4581 N
or P = 6.46 N
∴ NC = 5.9778 N
or NC = 5.98 N 39.8°
∴ N B = 4.4657 N
or N B = 4.47 N
PROBLEM 4.43
A movable bracket is held at rest by a cable attached at E and by frictionless
rollers. Knowing that the width of post FG is slightly less than the distance
between the rollers, determine the force exerted on the post by each roller
when α = 20o.
SOLUTION
∴ T = 175.428 lb
Tx = (175.428 lb ) cos 20° = 164.849 lb
∴ FCD = −28.030 lb
or FCD = 28.0 lb
∴ FAB = 192.879 lb
or FAB = 192.9 lb
Rollers A and C can only apply a horizontal force to the right onto the
vertical post corresponding to the equal and opposite force to the left on
the bracket. Since FAB is directed to the right onto the bracket, roller B
will react FAB. Also, since FCD is acting to the left on the bracket, it will
act to the right on the post at roller C.
PROBLEM 4.43 CONTINUED
∴ A=D=0
B = 192.9 lb
C = 28.0 lb
Forces exerted on the post are
A=D=0
B = 192.9 lb
C = 28.0 lb
PROBLEM 4.44
Solve Problem 4.43 when α = 30o.
P4.43 A movable bracket is held at rest by a cable attached at E and by
frictionless rollers. Knowing that the width of post FG is slightly less
than the distance between the rollers, determine the force exerted on the
post by each roller when α = 20o.
SOLUTION
From f.b.d. of bracket
ΣFy = 0: T sin 30° − 60 lb = 0
∴ T = 120 lb
or FCD = 10.05 lb
∴ FAB = 93.875 lb
or FAB = 93.9 lb
Rollers A and C can only apply a horizontal force to the right on the
vertical post corresponding to the equal and opposite force to the left on
the bracket. The opposite direction apply to roller B and D. Since both
FAB and FCD act to the right on the bracket, rollers B and D will react
these forces.
∴ A=C=0
B = 93.9 lb
D = 10.05 lb
Forces exerted on the post are
A=C=0
B = 93.9 lb
D = 10.05 lb
PROBLEM 4.45
A 20-lb weight can be supported in the three different ways shown.
Knowing that the pulleys have a 4-in. radius, determine the reaction at A
in each case.
SOLUTION
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 20 lb = 0
or Ay = 20.0 lb
and A = 20.0 lb
ΣM A = 0: M A − ( 20 lb )(1.5 ft ) = 0
∴ M A = 30.0 lb ⋅ ft
or M A = 30.0 lb ⋅ ft
1 ft
(b) Note: 4 in. = 0.33333 ft
12 in.
From f.b.d. of AB
ΣFx = 0: Ax − 20 lb = 0
or Ax = 20.0 lb
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 20 lb = 0
or Ay = 20.0 lb
∴ A = 28.3 lb 45°
ΣM A = 0: M A + ( 20 lb )( 0.33333 ft )
− ( 20 lb )(1.5 ft + 0.33333 ft ) = 0
∴ M A = 30.0 lb ⋅ ft
or M A = 30.0 lb ⋅ ft
PROBLEM 4.45 CONTINUED
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 20 lb − 20 lb = 0
or Ay = 40.0 lb
and A = 40.0 lb
ΣM A = 0: M A − ( 20 lb )(1.5 ft − 0.33333 ft )
− ( 20 lb )(1.5 ft + 0.33333 ft ) = 0
∴ M A = 60.0 lb ⋅ ft
or M A = 60.0 lb ⋅ ft
PROBLEM 4.46
A belt passes over two 50-mm-diameter pulleys which are mounted on a
bracket as shown. Knowing that M = 0 and Ti = TO = 24 N, determine
the reaction at C.
SOLUTION
ΣFx = 0: Cx − 24 N = 0
∴ Cx = 24 N
ΣFy = 0: C y − 24 N = 0
∴ C y = 24 N
Then C = C x2 + C y2 = ( 24 )2 + ( 24 )2 = 33.941 N
∴ C = 33.9 N 45.0°
ΣM C = 0: M C − ( 24 N ) ( 45 − 25 ) mm
+ ( 24 N ) ( 25 + 50 − 60 ) mm = 0
∴ M C = 120 N ⋅ mm
or M C = 0.120 N ⋅ m
PROBLEM 4.47
A belt passes over two 50-mm-diameter pulleys which are mounted on a
bracket as shown. Knowing that M = 0.40 N ⋅ m m and that Ti and TO
are equal to 32 N and 16 N, respectively, determine the reaction at C.
SOLUTION
ΣFx = 0: C x − 32 N = 0
∴ C x = 32 N
ΣFy = 0: C y − 16 N = 0
∴ C y = 16 N
Cy −1 16
and θ = tan −1 = tan = 26.565°
Cx 32
or C = 35.8 N 26.6°
ΣM C = 0: M C − ( 32 N )( 45 mm − 25 mm )
+ (16 N )( 25 mm + 50 mm − 60 mm ) − 400 N ⋅ mm = 0
∴ M C = 800 N ⋅ mm
or M C = 0.800 N ⋅ m
PROBLEM 4.48
A 350-lb utility pole is used to support at C the end of an electric wire.
The tension in the wire is 120 lb, and the wire forms an angle of 15°
with the horizontal at C. Determine the largest and smallest allowable
tensions in the guy cable BD if the magnitude of the couple at A may not
exceed 200 lb ⋅ ft.
SOLUTION
First note
4.5
+ Tmax (10 ft ) = 0
10.9659
∴ Tmax = 444.19 lb
or Tmax = 444 lb
4.5
+ Tmin (10 ft ) = 0
10.9659
∴ Tmin = 346.71 lb
or Tmin = 347 lb
PROBLEM 4.49
In a laboratory experiment, students hang the masses shown from a beam
of negligible mass. (a) Determine the reaction at the fixed support A
knowing that end D of the beam does not touch support E. (b) Determine
the reaction at the fixed support A knowing that the adjustable support E
exerts an upward force of 6 N on the beam.
SOLUTION
( )
WB = mB g = (1 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 9.81 N
( )
WC = mC g = ( 0.5 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 4.905 N
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
ΣFy = 0: Ay − WB − WC = 0
Ay − 9.81 N − 4.905 N = 0
∴ Ay = 14.715 N
or A = 14.72 N
ΣM A = 0: M A − WB ( 0.2 m ) − WC ( 0.3 m ) = 0
∴ M A = 3.4335 N ⋅ m
or M A = 3.43 N ⋅ m
(b) From f.b.d. of beam ABCD
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
ΣFy = 0: Ay − WB − WC + 6 N = 0
Ay − 9.81 N − 4.905 N + 6 N = 0
∴ Ay = 8.715 N or A = 8.72 N
∴ M A = 1.03350 N ⋅ m
or M A = 1.034 N ⋅ m
PROBLEM 4.50
In a laboratory experiment, students hang the masses shown from a beam
of negligible mass. Determine the range of values of the force exerted on
the beam by the adjustable support E for which the magnitude of the
couple at A does not exceed 2.5 N ⋅ m.
SOLUTION
( )
WB = mB g = 1 kg 9.81 m/s 2 = 9.81 N
( )
WC = mC g = 0.5 kg 9.81 m/s 2 = 4.905 N
+ Fmin ( 0.4 m ) = 0
∴ Fmin = 2.3338 N
or Fmin = 2.33 N
+ Fmax ( 0.4 m ) = 0
∴ Fmax = 14.8338 N
or Fmax = 14.83 N
or 2.33 N ≤ FE ≤ 14.83 N
PROBLEM 4.51
Knowing that the tension in wire BD is 300 lb, determine the reaction at
fixed support C for the frame shown.
SOLUTION
5
ΣFx = 0: C x − 100 lb + 300 lb = 0
13
∴ C x = −15.3846 lb or C x = 15.3846 lb
12
ΣFy = 0: C y − 180 lb − 300 lb = 0
13
∴ C y = 456.92 lb or C y = 456.92 lb
Cy −1 456.92
and θ = tan −1 = tan = −88.072°
x
C −15.3846
or C = 457 lb 88.1°
12
ΣM C = 0: M C + (180 lb )( 20 in.) + (100 lb )(16 in.) − 300 lb (16 in.) = 0
13
∴ M C = −769.23 lb ⋅ in.
or M C = 769 lb ⋅ in.
PROBLEM 4.52
Determine the range of allowable values of the tension in wire BD if the
magnitude of the couple at the fixed support C is not to exceed 75 lb ⋅ ft.
SOLUTION
12
ΣM C = 0: 900 lb ⋅ in. + (180 lb )( 20 in.) + (100 lb )(16 in.) − Tmax (16 in.) = 0
13
∴ Tmax = 413.02 lb
12
ΣM C = 0: − 900 lb ⋅ in. + (180 lb )( 20 in.) + (100 lb )(16 in.) − Tmin (16 in.) = 0
13
∴ Tmin = 291.15 lb
∴ 291 lb ≤ T ≤ 413 lb
PROBLEM 4.53
Uniform rod AB of length l and weight W lies in a vertical plane and is
acted upon by a couple M. The ends of the rod are connected to small
rollers which rest against frictionless surfaces. (a) Express the angle θ
corresponding to equilibrium in terms of M, W, and l. (b) Determine the
value of θ corresponding to equilibrium when M = 1.5 lb ⋅ ft,
W = 4 lb, and l = 2 ft.
SOLUTION
∴ A+B = 2W (2)
From Equations (1) and (2)
2A = 2W
1
∴ A= W
2
From f.b.d. of uniform rod AB
l
ΣM B = 0: W cosθ + M
2
1
− W l cos ( 45° − θ ) = 0 (3)
2
From trigonometric identity
cos (α − β ) = cos α cos β + sin α sin β
Wl Wl Wl
or cosθ + M − cosθ − sin θ = 0
2 2 2
2M
∴ sin θ =
Wl
2M
or θ = sin −1
Wl
2 (1.5 lb ⋅ ft )
(b) θ = sin −1 = 22.024°
( 4 lb )( 2 ft )
or θ = 22.0°
PROBLEM 4.54
A slender rod AB, of weight W, is attached to blocks A and B, which
move freely in the guides shown. The blocks are connected by an elastic
cord which passes over a pulley at C. (a) Express the tension in the cord
in terms of W and θ . (b) Determine the value of θ for which the tension
in the cord is equal to 3W.
SOLUTION
W 1
T =
2 1 − tan θ
W
or T = 2
(1 − tan θ )
(b) For T = 3W ,
W
3W = 2
(1 − tan θ )
1
∴ 1 − tan θ =
6
5
or θ = tan −1 = 39.806°
6
or θ = 39.8°
PROBLEM 4.55
A thin, uniform ring of mass m and radius R is attached by a frictionless
pin to a collar at A and rests against a small roller at B. The ring lies in a
vertical plane, and the collar can move freely on a horizontal rod and is
acted upon by a horizontal force P. (a) Express the angle θ
corresponding to equilibrium in terms of m and P. (b) Determine the
value of θ corresponding to equilibrium when m = 500 g and P = 5 N.
SOLUTION
2P = W tan θ where W = mg
2P
∴ tan θ =
mg
2P
or θ = tan −1
mg
(b) Have m = 500 g = 0.500 kg and P = 5 N
2 (5 N )
∴ θ = tan −1
(
( 0.500 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 )
= 63.872°
or θ = 63.9°
PROBLEM 4.56
Rod AB is acted upon by a couple M and two forces, each of magnitude
P. (a) Derive an equation in θ , P, M, and l which must be satisfied when
the rod is in equilibrium. (b) Determine the value of θ corresponding to
equilibrium when M = 150 lb ⋅ in., P = 20 lb, and l = 6 in.
SOLUTION
M
or sin θ + cosθ =
Pl
(b) For M = 150 lb ⋅ in., P = 20 lb, and l = 6 in.
150 lb ⋅ in. 5
sin θ + cosθ = = = 1.25
( 20 lb )( 6 in.) 4
Using identity sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ = 1
( )
1
sin θ + 1 − sin 2 θ 2
= 1.25
( )
1
1 − sin 2 θ 2
= 1.25 − sin θ
2.5 ± 1.75
=
4
or sin θ = 0.95572 and sin θ = 0.29428
∴ θ = 72.886° and θ = 17.1144°
or θ = 17.11° and θ = 72.9°
PROBLEM 4.57
A vertical load P is applied at end B of rod BC. The constant of the spring
is k, and the spring is unstretched when θ = 90o. (a) Neglecting the
weight of the rod, express the angle θ corresponding to equilibrium in
terms of P, k, and l. (b) Determine the value of θ corresponding to
1
equilibrium when P = kl.
4
SOLUTION
First note
T = tension in spring = ks
where s = elongation of spring
( )θ − ( AB )θ
= AB
= 90°
θ 90°
= 2l sin − 2l sin
2 2
θ 1
= 2l sin −
2 2
θ 1
∴ T = 2kl sin − (1)
2 2
(a) From f.b.d. of rod BC
θ
ΣM C = 0: T l cos − P ( l sin θ ) = 0
2
Substituting T From Equation (1)
θ 1 θ
2kl sin − l cos 2 − P ( l sin θ ) = 0
2
2
θ 1 θ θ θ
2kl 2 sin − cos 2 − Pl 2sin 2 cos 2 = 0
2
2
θ
Factoring out 2l cos , leaves
2
PROBLEM 4.57 CONTINUED
θ 1 θ
kl sin − − P sin = 0
2 2 2
or
θ 1 kl
sin =
2 2 kl − P
kl
∴ θ = 2sin −1
2 ( kl − P )
kl
(b) P =
4
kl 4
kl −1 4
θ = 2sin −1 = 2sin −1 = 2sin
(
2 kl − kl
4 ) 2 3 kl 3 2
= 2sin −1 ( 0.94281)
= 141.058°
or θ = 141.1°
PROBLEM 4.58
Solve Sample Problem 4.5 assuming that the spring is unstretched when
θ = 90o.
SOLUTION
First note
T = tension in spring = ks
where s = deformation of spring
= rβ
∴ F = kr β
From f.b.d. of assembly
ΣM 0 = 0: W ( l cos β ) − F ( r ) = 0
or Wl cos β − kr 2 β = 0
kr 2
∴ cos β = β
Wl
For k = 250 lb/in., r = 3 in., l = 8 in., W = 400 lb
cos β =
( 250 lb/in.)( 3 in.)2 β
( 400 lb )(8 in.)
or cos β = 0.703125β
Solving numerically,
β = 0.89245 rad
or β = 51.134°
Then θ = 90° + 51.134° = 141.134°
or θ = 141.1°
PROBLEM 4.59
A collar B of weight W can move freely along the vertical rod shown. The
constant of the spring is k, and the spring is unstretched when θ = 0.
(a) Derive an equation in θ , W, k, and l which must be satisfied when the
collar is in equilibrium. (b) Knowing that W = 3 lb, l = 6 in., and
k = 8 lb/ft, determine the value of θ corresponding to equilibrium.
SOLUTION
First note T = ks
where k = spring constant
s = elongation of spring
l l
= −l = (1 − cosθ )
cosθ cosθ
kl
∴ T = (1 − cosθ )
cosθ
(a) From f.b.d. of collar B
ΣFy = 0: T sin θ − W = 0
kl
or (1 − cosθ ) sin θ − W = 0
cosθ
W
or tan θ − sin θ =
kl
(b) For W = 3 lb, l = 6 in., k = 8 lb/ft
6 in.
l = = 0.5 ft
12 in./ft
3 lb
tan θ − sin θ = = 0.75
(8 lb/ft )( 0.5 ft )
Solving Numerically,
θ = 57.957°
or θ = 58.0°
PROBLEM 4.60
A slender rod AB, of mass m, is attached to blocks A and B which move
freely in the guides shown. The constant of the spring is k, and the spring
is unstretched when θ = 0 . (a) Neglecting the mass of the blocks, derive
an equation in m, g, k, l, and θ which must be satisfied when the rod is in
equilibrium. (b) Determine the value of θ when m = 2 kg, l = 750
mm, and k = 30 N/m.
SOLUTION
First note
Fs = spring force = ks
where k = spring constant
s = spring deformation
= l − l cosθ
= l (1 − cosθ )
∴ Fs = kl (1 − cosθ )
l
kl (1 − cosθ )( l sin θ ) − W cosθ = 0
2
W
kl ( sin θ − cosθ sin θ ) − cosθ = 0
2
Dividing by cosθ
W
kl ( tan θ − sin θ ) =
2
W
∴ tan θ − sin θ =
2kl
mg
or tan θ − sin θ =
2kl
(b) For m = 2 kg, l = 750 mm, k = 30 N/m
l = 750 mm = 0.750 m
PROBLEM 4.60 CONTINUED
( 2 kg ) ( 9.81 m/s2 )
Then tan θ − sin θ = = 0.436
2 ( 30 N/m )( 0.750 m )
Solving Numerically,
θ = 50.328°
or θ = 50.3°
PROBLEM 4.61
The bracket ABC can be supported in the eight different ways shown. All
connections consist of smooth pins, rollers, or short links. In each case,
determine whether (a) the plate is completely, partially, or improperly
constrained, (b) the reactions are statically determinate or indeterminate,
(c) the equilibrium of the plate is maintained in the position shown. Also,
wherever possible, compute the reactions assuming that the magnitude of
the force P is 100 N.
SOLUTION
1. Three non-concurrent, non-parallel reactions
(a) Completely constrained
(b) Determinate
(c) Equilibrium
From f.b.d. of bracket:
ΣM A = 0: B (1 m ) − (100 N )( 0.6 m ) = 0
∴ B = 60.0 N
ΣFx = 0: Ax − 60 N = 0
∴ A x = 60.0 N
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 100 N = 0
∴ A y = 100 N
100
and θ = tan −1 = 59.036°
60.0
∴ A = 116.6 N 59.0°
2. Four concurrent reactions through A
(a) Improperly constrained
(b) Indeterminate
(c) No equilibrium
3. Two reactions
(a) Partially constrained
(b) Determinate
(c) Equilibrium
PROBLEM 4.61 CONTINUED
From f.b.d. of bracket
ΣM A = 0: C (1.2 m ) − (100 N )( 0.6 m ) = 0
∴ C = 50.0 N
ΣFy = 0: A − 100 N + 50 N = 0
∴ A = 50.0 N
4. Three non-concurrent, non-parallel reactions
(a) Completely constrained
(b) Determinate
(c) Equilibrium
From f.b.d. of bracket
1.0
θ = tan −1 = 39.8°
1.2
1.2
ΣM A = 0: B (1 m ) − (100 N )( 0.6 m ) = 0
1.56205
∴ B = 78.1 N 39.8°
∴ C = 60.0 N
ΣFy = 0: A + ( 78.102 N ) sin 39.806° − 100 N = 0
∴ A = 50.0 N
5. Four non-concurrent, non-parallel reactions
(a) Completely constrained
(b) Indeterminate
(c) Equilibrium
From f.b.d. of bracket
ΣM C = 0: (100 N )( 0.6 m ) − Ay (1.2 m ) = 0
∴ Ay = 50 N or A y = 50.0 N
∴ Bx = −60.0 N
or B x = 60.0 N
ΣFx = 0: − 60 + Ax = 0
∴ Ax = 60.0 N
or A x = 60.0 N
7. Three non-concurrent, non-parallel reactions
(a) Completely constrained
(b) Determinate
(c) Equilibrium
From f.b.d. of bracket
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
∴ C = 50.0 N
or C = 50.0 N
∴ Ay = 50.0 N
∴ A = 50.0 N
8. Three concurrent, non-parallel reactions
(a) Improperly constrained
(b) Indeterminate
(c) No equilibrium
PROBLEM 4.62
Eight identical 20 × 30-in. rectangular plates, each weighing 50 lb, are
held in a vertical plane as shown. All connections consist of frictionless
pins, rollers, or short links. For each case, answer the questions listed in
Problem 4.61, and, wherever possible, compute the reactions.
P6.1 The bracket ABC can be supported in the eight different ways
shown. All connections consist of smooth pins, rollers, or short links. In
each case, determine whether (a) the plate is completely, partially, or
improperly constrained, (b) the reactions are statically determinate or
indeterminate, (c) the equilibrium of the plate is maintained in the
position shown. Also, wherever possible, compute the reactions assuming
that the magnitude of the force P is 100 N.
SOLUTION
1. Three non-concurrent, non-parallel reactions
(a) Completely constrained
(b) Determinate
(c) Equilibrium
From f.b.d. of plate
ΣM A = 0: C ( 30 in.) − 50 lb (15 in.) = 0
C = 25.0 lb
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
ΣFy = 0: Ay − 50 lb + 25 lb = 0
Ay = 25 lb A = 25.0 lb
ΣFx = 0: B=0
C = 25.0 lb
PROBLEM 4.62 CONTINUED
3. Four non-concurrent, non-parallel reactions
(a) Completely constrained
(b) Indeterminate
(c) Equilibrium
From f.b.d. of plate
ΣM D = 0: Ax ( 20 in.) − ( 50 lb )(15 in.)
∴ A x = 37.5 lb
ΣFx = 0: Dx + 37.5 lb = 0
∴ D x = 37.5 lb
4. Three concurrent reactions
(a) Improperly constrained
(b) Indeterminate
(c) No equilibrium
5. Two parallel reactions
(a) Partial constraint
(b) Determinate
(c) Equilibrium
From f.b.d. of plate
ΣM D = 0: C ( 30 in.) − ( 50 lb )(15 in.) = 0
C = 25.0 lb
ΣFy = 0: D − 50 lb + 25 lb = 0
D = 25.0 lb
6. Three non-concurrent, non-parallel reactions
(a) Completely constrained
(b) Determinate
(c) Equilibrium
From f.b.d. of plate
ΣM D = 0: B ( 20 in.) − ( 50 lb )(15 in.) = 0
B = 37.5 lb
ΣFy = 0: Dy − 50 lb = 0 D y = 50.0 lb
or D = 62.5 lb 53.1°
PROBLEM 4.62 CONTINUED
7. Two parallel reactions
(a) Improperly constrained
(b) Reactions determined by dynamics
(c) No equilibrium
8. Four non-concurrent, non-parallel reactions
(a) Completely constrained
(b) Indeterminate
(c) Equilibrium
From f.b.d. of plate
ΣM D = 0: B ( 30 in.) − ( 50 lb )(15 in.) = 0
B = 25.0 lb
ΣFy = 0: Dy − 50 lb + 25.0 lb = 0
D y = 25.0 lb
ΣFx = 0: Dx + C = 0
PROBLEM 4.63
Horizontal and vertical links are hinged to a wheel, and forces are applied
to the links as shown. Knowing that a = 3.0 in., determine the value of P
and the reaction at A.
SOLUTION
A P 21 lb
= =
5 4 3
4
∴ P= ( 21 lb ) = 28 lb
3
or P = 28.0 lb
5
and A= ( 21 lb ) = 35 lb
3
3
θ = tan −1 = 36.870°
4
∴ A = 35.0 lb 36.9°
PROBLEM 4.64
Horizontal and vertical links are hinged to a wheel, and forces are applied
to the links as shown. Determine the range of values of the distance a for
which the magnitude of the reaction at A does not exceed 42 lb.
SOLUTION
21 lb A
=
a 16 + a 2
16
or A = 21 +1
a2
For A = 42 lb
21 lb 42 lb
=
a 16 + a 2
16 + a 2
or a2 =
4
16
or a= = 2.3094 in.
3
or a ≥ 2.31 in.
16
Since A = 21 +1
a2
as a increases, A decreases
PROBLEM 4.65
Using the method of Section 4.7, solve Problem 4.21.
P4.21 The required tension in cable AB is 800 N. Determine (a) the
vertical force P which must be applied to the pedal, (b) the corresponding
reaction at C.
SOLUTION
Let E be the intersection of the three forces acting on the pedal device.
First note
= 311.76 N
or P = 312 N
800 N
(b) C =
cos 21.291°
= 858.60 N
or C = 859 N 21.3°
PROBLEM 4.66
Using the method of Section 4.7, solve Problem 4.22.
P4.22 Determine the maximum tension which can be developed in cable
AB if the maximum allowable value of the reaction at C is 1000 N.
SOLUTION
Let E be the intersection of the three forces acting on the pedal device.
First note
= 931.75 N
or Tmax = 932 N
PROBLEM 4.67
To remove a nail, a small block of wood is placed under a crowbar, and a
horizontal force P is applied as shown. Knowing that l = 3.5 in. and
P = 30 lb, determine the vertical force exerted on the nail and the
reaction at B.
SOLUTION
First note
= 236.381 lb
∴ on nail FN = 236 lb
P 30 lb
RB = = = 238.28 lb
cosθ cos82.767°
or R B = 238 lb 82.8°
PROBLEM 4.68
To remove a nail, a small block of wood is placed under a crowbar, and a
horizontal force P is applied as shown. Knowing that the maximum
vertical force needed to extract the nail is 600 lb and that the horizontal
force P is not to exceed 65 lb, determine the largest acceptable value of
distance l.
SOLUTION
FN 600 lb
tan θ = = = 9.2308
P 65 lb
∴ θ = 83.817°
From f.b.d.
tan θ =
( 36 in.) sin 50°
l
∴ l =
( 36 in.) sin 50° = 2.9876 in.
tan 83.817°
or l = 2.99 in.
PROBLEM 4.69
For the frame and loading shown, determine the reactions at C and D.
SOLUTION
Since member BD is acted upon by two forces, B and D, they must be colinear, have the same magnitude, and
be opposite in direction for BD to be in equilibrium. The force B acting at B of member ABC will be equal in
magnitude but opposite in direction to force B acting on member BD. Member ABC is a three-force body with
member forces intersecting at E. The f.b.d.’s of members ABC and BD illustrate the above conditions. The
force triangle for member ABC is also shown. The angles α and β are found from the member dimensions:
0.5 m
α = tan −1 = 26.565°
1.0 m
1.5 m
β = tan −1 = 56.310°
1.0 m
Applying the law of sines to the force triangle for member ABC,
150 N C B
= =
sin ( β − α ) sin ( 90° + α ) sin ( 90° − β )
150 N C B
or = =
sin 29.745° sin116.565° sin 33.690°
∴ C =
(150 N ) sin116.565° = 270.42 N
sin 29.745°
or C = 270 N 56.3°
and D= B=
(150 N ) sin 33.690° = 167.704 N
sin 29.745°
or D = 167.7 N 26.6°
PROBLEM 4.70
For the frame and loading shown, determine the reactions at A and C.
SOLUTION
Since member AB is acted upon by two forces, A and B, they must be colinear, have the same magnitude, and
be opposite in direction for AB to be in equilibrium. The force B acting at B of member BCD will be equal in
magnitude but opposite in direction to force B acting on member AB. Member BCD is a three-force body with
member forces intersecting at E. The f.b.d.’s of members AB and BCD illustrate the above conditions. The
force triangle for member BCD is also shown. The angle β is found from the member dimensions:
60 m
β = tan −1 = 30.964°
100 m
Applying of the law of sines to the force triangle for member BCD,
130 N B C
= =
sin ( 45° − β ) sin β sin135°
130 N B C
or = =
sin14.036° sin 30.964° sin135°
∴ A= B=
(130 N ) sin 30.964° = 275.78 N
sin14.036°
or A = 276 N 45.0°
and C =
(130 N ) sin135° = 379.02 N
sin14.036°
or C = 379 N 59.0°
PROBLEM 4.71
To remove the lid from a 5-gallon pail, the tool shown is used to apply an
upward and radially outward force to the bottom inside rim of the lid.
Assuming that the rim rests against the tool at A and that a 100-N force is
applied as indicated to the handle, determine the force acting on the rim.
SOLUTION
90 mm
α = tan −1
yDC − yBC − 45 mm
and
yDC =
xBC
=
( 360 mm ) cos 35°
tan 20° tan 20°
= 810.22 mm
= 206.49 mm
90
∴ α = tan −1 = 9.1506°
558.73
100 N A
=
sin α sin 20°
∴A=
(100 N ) sin 20° = 215.07 N
sin 9.1506°
SOLUTION
The three-force member ABC has forces that intersect at point D, where,
from the law of sines ( ∆CDE )
∴ L = 325.37 mm
Then
45 mm
α = tan −1
yBD
where
yBD = L − y AE − 22 mm
19 mm
= 325.37 mm − − 22 mm
cos 35°
= 280.18 mm
45 mm
∴ α = tan −1 = 9.1246°
280.18 mm
B 60 N
=
sin150° sin 9.1246°
∴ B = 189.177 N
SOLUTION
200 lb T B
= =
sin θ sin α sin 55°
or
( 200 lb ) =
T
=
B
sin 67.339° sin 57.661° sin 55°
(a) T =
( 200 lb )( sin 57.661° ) = 183.116 lb
sin 67.339°
or T = 183.1 lb
(b) B=
( 200 lb )( sin 55° ) = 177.536 lb
sin 67.339°
or B = 177.5 lb 32.3°
PROBLEM 4.74
Solve Problem 4.73 assuming that a = 3 ft.
P4.73 A 200-lb crate is attached to the trolley-beam system shown.
Knowing that a = 1.5 ft, determine (a) the tension in cable CD, (b) the
reaction
at B.
SOLUTION
(a) T =
( 200 lb )( sin 91.921° ) = 366.23 lb
sin 33.079°
or T = 366 lb
(b) B=
( 200 lb )( sin 55° ) = 300.17 lb
sin 33.079°
or B = 300 lb 1.921°
PROBLEM 4.75
A 20-kg roller, of diameter 200 mm, which is to be used on a tile floor, is
resting directly on the subflooring as shown. Knowing that the thickness
of each tile is 8 mm, determine the force P required to move the roller
onto the tiles if the roller is pushed to the left.
SOLUTION
Based on the roller having impending motion to the left, the only contact
between the roller and floor will be at the edge of the tile.
First note ( )
W = mg = ( 20 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 196.2 N
92 mm
α = cos −1 = 23.074°
100 mm
= 60° − 23.074
= 36.926°
W P
=
sin θ sin α
196.2 N P
or =
sin 36.926° sin 23.074°
∴ P = 127.991 N
or P = 128.0 N 30°
PROBLEM 4.76
A 20-kg roller, of diameter 200 mm, which is to be used on a tile floor, is
resting directly on the subflooring as shown. Knowing that the thickness
of each tile is 8 mm, determine the force P required to move the roller
onto the tiles if the roller is pulled to the right.
SOLUTION
Based on the roller having impending motion to the right, the only
contact between the roller and floor will be at the edge of the tile.
First note (
W = mg = ( 20 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 )
= 196.2 N
92 mm
α = cos −1 = 23.074°
100 mm
= 120° − 23.074°
= 96.926°
W P
=
sin θ sin α
196.2 N P
or =
sin 96.926° sin 23.074
∴ P = 77.460 N
or P = 77.5 N 30°
PROBLEM 4.77
A small hoist is mounted on the back of a pickup truck and is used to lift
a 120-kg crate. Determine (a) the force exerted on the hoist by the
hydraulic cylinder BC, (b) the reaction at A.
SOLUTION
First note ( )
W = mg = (120 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 1177.2 N
From the geometry of the three forces acting on the small hoist
W B A
= =
sin β sin θ sin15°
1177.2 N B A
or = =
sin1.63412° sin163.366° sin15°
(a) B = 11 816.9 N
or B = 11.82 kN 75.0°
(b) A = 10 684.2 N
or A = 10.68 kN 73.4°
PROBLEM 4.78
The clamp shown is used to hold the rough workpiece C. Knowing that
the maximum allowable compressive force on the workpiece is 200 N
and neglecting the effect of friction at A, determine the corresponding
(a) reaction at B, (b) reaction at A, (c) tension in the bolt.
SOLUTION
y 423.99
Then θ = tan −1 BD −1
= tan = 65.301°
195 mm 195
or RB sin θ = 200 N
200 N
∴ RB = = 220.14 N
sin 65.301°
or R B = 220 N 65.3°
Applying the law of sines to the force triangle,
RB NA T
= =
sin12° sin α sin ( 90° + θ )
220.14 N NA T
or = =
sin12° sin12.6987° sin155.301°
(b) N A = 232.75 N
or N A = 233 N
(c) T = 442.43 N
or T = 442 N
PROBLEM 4.79
A modified peavey is used to lift a 0.2-m-diameter log of mass 36 kg.
Knowing that θ = 45° and that the force exerted at C by the worker is
perpendicular to the handle of the peavey, determine (a) the force exerted
at C, (b) the reaction at A.
SOLUTION
First note ( )
W = mg = ( 36 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 353.16 N
From the geometry of the three forces acting on the modified peavey
1.1 m
β = tan −1 = 40.236°
1.1 m + 0.2 m
W C A
= =
sin β sin α sin135°
353.16 N C A
or = =
sin 40.236° sin 4.7636 sin135°
(a) C = 45.404 N
or C = 45.4 N 45.0°
(b) A = 386.60 N
or A = 387 N 85.2°
PROBLEM 4.80
A modified peavey is used to lift a 0.2-m-diameter log of mass 36 kg.
Knowing that θ = 60° and that the force exerted at C by the worker is
perpendicular to the handle of the peavey, determine (a) the force exerted
at C, (b) the reaction at A.
SOLUTION
First note ( )
W = mg = ( 36 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 353.16 N
From the geometry of the three forces acting on the modified peavey
1.1 m
β = tan −1
DC + 0.2 m
R
a= −R
tan 30°
0.1 m
= − 0.1 m
tan 30°
= 0.073205 m
= 0.67735 m
1.1
and β = tan −1 = 51.424°
0.87735
α = 60° − β = 60° − 51.424° = 8.5756°
Applying the law of sines to the force triangle,
W C A
= =
sin β sin α sin120°
353.16 N C A
or = =
sin 51.424° sin 8.5756° sin120°
(a) C = 67.360 N
or C = 67.4 N 30°
(b) A = 391.22 N
or A = 391 N 81.4°
PROBLEM 4.81
Member ABC is supported by a pin and bracket at B and by an
inextensible cord at A and C and passing over a frictionless pulley at D.
The tension may be assumed to be the same in portion AD and CD of the
cord. For the loading shown and neglecting the size of the pulley,
determine the tension in the cord and the reaction at B.
SOLUTION
From the f.b.d. of member ABC, it is seen that the member can be treated
as a three-force body.
T − 300 3
=
T 4
3T = 4T − 1200
∴ T = 1200 lb
B 5
Also, =
T 4
5 5
∴ B= T = (1200 lb ) = 1500 lb
4 4
3
θ = tan −1 = 36.870°
4
SOLUTION
From the geometry of the forces acting on member ABCD
200
β = tan −1 = 33.690°
300
375
α = tan −1 = 61.928°
200
T − 80 N T C
= =
sin (α − β ) sin β sin (180° − α )
T − 80 N T C
or = =
sin 28.237° sin 33.690° sin118.072°
∴ T = 543.96 N
or T = 544 N
or C = 865 N 33.7°
PROBLEM 4.83
Using the method of Section 4.7, solve Problem 4.18.
P4.18 Determine the reactions at A and B when (a) h = 0 , (b) h = 8 in.
SOLUTION
(a) Based on symmetry
α = 30°
From force triangle
A = B = 40 lb
or A = 40.0 lb 30°
and B = 40.0 lb 30°
40 lb A B
or = =
sin17.4479° sin 60° sin102.5521
A = 115.533 lb
or A = 115.5 lb 12.55°
B = 130.217 lb
or B = 130.2 lb 30.0°
PROBLEM 4.84
Using the method of Section 4.7, solve Problem 4.28.
P4.28 A lever is hinged at C and is attached to a control cable at A. If the
lever is subjected to a 300-N vertical force at B, determine
(a) the tension in the cable, (b) the reaction at C.
SOLUTION
From geometry of forces acting on lever
yDA
α = tan −1
xDA
where
yDA = 0.24 m − y AC = 0.24 m − ( 0.2 m ) sin 20°
= 0.171596 m
= 0.187939 m
0.171596
∴ α = tan −1 = 42.397°
0.187939
y AC + yEA
β = 90° − tan −1
xCE
= 0.42898 m
0.49739
∴ β = 90° − tan −1 = 29.544°
0.28191
300 N T C
= =
sin 90° − (α + β ) sin β sin ( 90° + α )
300 N T C
or = =
sin18.0593° sin 29.544° sin132.397°
SOLUTION
From the geometry of the three forces applied to the member ABC
y
α = tan −1 CD
R
where
P B C
= =
sin ( 55° − α ) sin ( 90° + α ) sin 35°
P B C
or = =
sin 31.822° sin113.178° sin 35°
(a) B = 1.74344P
or B = 1.743P 55.0°
(b) C = 1.08780P
or C = 1.088P 23.2°
PROBLEM 4.86
Knowing that θ = 50o , determine the reaction (a) at B, (b) at C.
SOLUTION
From the geometry of the three forces acting on member ABC
y
α = tan −1 DC
R
where
= 0.160900 R
P B C
= =
sin ( 40° + α ) sin ( 90° − α ) sin 50°
P B C
or = =
sin 49.141° sin ( 80.859° ) sin 50°
(a) B = 1.30540P
or B = 1.305P 40.0°
(b) C = 1.01286P
or C = 1.013P 9.14°
PROBLEM 4.87
A slender rod of length L and weight W is held in equilibrium as shown,
with one end against a frictionless wall and the other end attached to a
cord of length S. Derive an expression for the distance h in terms of L and
S. Show that this position of equilibrium does not exist if S > 2L.
SOLUTION
From the f.b.d of the three-force member AB, forces must intersect at D.
Since the force T intersects point D, directly above G,
yBE = h
For triangle ACE:
S 2 = ( AE ) + ( 2h )
2 2
(1)
L2 = ( AE ) + ( h )
2 2
(2)
S 2 − L2
or h =
3
As length S increases relative to length L, angle θ increases until rod AB
is vertical. At this vertical position:
h+L=S or h=S−L
Therefore, for all positions of AB h≥S−L (4)
S 2 − L2
or ≥S−L
3
or ( )
S 2 − L2 ≥ 3 ( S − L ) = 3 S 2 − 2SL + L2 = 3S 2 − 6SL + 3L2
2
or 0 ≥ 2S 2 − 6SL + 4 L2
and 0 ≥ S 2 − 3SL + 2 L2 = ( S − L )( S − 2L )
For S−L=0 S = L
∴ Minimum value of S is L
For S − 2L = 0 S = 2L
∴ Maximum value of S is 2L
Therefore, equilibrium does not exist if S > 2L
PROBLEM 4.88
A slender rod of length L = 200 mm is held in equilibrium as shown,
with one end against a frictionless wall and the other end attached to a
cord of length S = 300 mm. Knowing that the mass of the rod is 1.5 kg,
determine (a) the distance h, (b) the tension in the cord, (c) the reaction
at B.
SOLUTION
From the f.b.d of the three-force member AB, forces must intersect at D.
Since the force T intersects point D, directly above G,
yBE = h
For triangle ACE:
S 2 = ( AE ) + ( 2h )
2 2
(1)
L2 = ( AE ) + ( h )
2 2
(2)
S 2 − L2
or h =
3
(a) For L = 200 mm and S = 300 mm
h=
( 300 )2 − ( 200 )2 = 129.099 mm
3
or h = 129.1 mm
(b) Have (
W = mg = (1.5 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 14.715 N)
2h 2 (129.099 )
and θ = sin −1 = sin −1
s 300
θ = 59.391°
From the force triangle
W 14.715 N
T = = = 17.0973 N
sin θ sin 59.391°
or T = 17.10 N
W 14.715 N
(c) B= = = 8.7055 N
tan θ tan 59.391°
or B = 8.71 N
PROBLEM 4.89
A slender rod of length L and weight W is attached to collars which can
slide freely along the guides shown. Knowing that the rod is in
equilibrium, derive an expression for the angle θ in terms of the
angle β .
SOLUTION
As shown in the f.b.d of the slender rod AB, the three forces intersect at
C. From the force geometry
xGB
tan β =
y AB
where
y AB = L cosθ
1
and xGB = L sin θ
2
1 L sin θ 1
∴ tan β = 2
= tan θ
L cosθ 2
or tan θ = 2 tan β
PROBLEM 4.90
A 10-kg slender rod of length L is attached to collars which can slide
freely along the guides shown. Knowing that the rod is in equilibrium and
that β = 25°, determine (a) the angle θ that the rod forms with the
vertical, (b) the reactions at A and B.
SOLUTION
(a) As shown in the f.b.d. of the slender rod AB, the three forces
intersect at C. From the geometry of the forces
xCB
tan β =
yBC
where
1
xCB = L sin θ
2
and yBC = L cosθ
1
∴ tan β = tan θ
2
or tan θ = 2 tan β
For β = 25°
tan θ = 2 tan 25° = 0.93262
∴ θ = 43.003°
or θ = 43.0°
(b) (
W = mg = (10 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 98.1 N )
From force triangle
A = W tan β
= 45.745 N
or A = 45.7 N
W 98.1 N
and B= = = 108.241 N
cos β cos 25°
or B = 108.2 N 65.0°
PROBLEM 4.91
A uniform slender rod of mass 5 g and length 250 mm is balanced on a
glass of inner diameter 70 mm. Neglecting friction, determine the angle θ
corresponding to equilibrium.
SOLUTION
From the geometry of the forces acting on the three-force member AB
Triangle ACF
yCF = d tan θ
=
2d
L
(
1 + tan 2 θ )
Now (1 + tan θ ) = sec θ
2 2
and secθ =
1
cosθ
2d 2d 1
Then cosθ = sec 2 θ =
L L cos 2 θ
2d
∴ cos3 θ =
L
For d = 70 mm and L = 250 mm
2 ( 70 )
cos3 θ = = 0.56
250
∴ cosθ = 0.82426
and θ = 34.487°
or θ = 34.5°
PROBLEM 4.92
Rod AB is bent into the shape of a circular arc and is lodged between two
pegs D and E. It supports a load P at end B. Neglecting friction and the
weight of the rod, determine the distance c corresponding to equilibrium
when a = 1 in. and R = 5 in.
SOLUTION
Since yED = xED = a,
Slope of ED is 45°
∴ slope of HC is 45°
Also DE = 2a
1 a
and DH = HE = DE =
2 2
a/ 2 a
sin β = =
R 2R
1 in.
sin β = = 0.141421
2 ( 5 in.)
∴ β = 8.1301° or β = 8.13°
or c = 3.00 in.
PROBLEM 4.93
A uniform rod AB of weight W and length 2R rests inside a hemispherical
bowl of radius R as shown. Neglecting friction determine the angle θ
corresponding to equilibrium.
SOLUTION
Based on the f.b.d., the uniform rod AB is a three-force body. Point E is
the point of intersection of the three forces. Since force A passes through
O, the center of the circle, and since force C is perpendicular to the rod,
triangle ACE is a right triangle inscribed in the circle. Thus, E is a point
on the circle.
Note that the angle α of triangle DOA is the central angle corresponding
to the inscribed angle θ of triangle DCA.
∴ α = 2θ
∴ x AE = x AG = x A
or ( AE ) cos 2θ = ( AG ) cosθ
or 4cos 2 θ − cosθ − 2 = 0
or θ = 32.5°
PROBLEM 4.94
A uniform slender rod of mass m and length 4r rests on the surface shown
and is held in the given equilibrium position by the force P. Neglecting
the effect of friction at A and C, (a) determine the angle θ, (b) derive an
expression for P in terms of m.
SOLUTION
The forces acting on the three-force member intersect at D.
(a) From triangle ACO
r −1 1
θ = tan −1 = tan = 18.4349° or θ = 18.43°
3r 3
r
(b) From triangle DCG tan θ =
DC
r r
∴ DC = = = 3r
tan θ tan18.4349°
and DO = DC + r = 3r + r = 4r
yDO
α = tan −1
x AG
= 3.4947r
and x AG = ( 2r ) cosθ = ( 2r ) cos18.4349°
= 1.89737r
3.4947r
∴ α = tan −1 = 63.435°
1.89737r
where 90° + (α − θ ) = 90° + 45° = 135.00°
∴ RA = ( 0.44721) mg
Finally, P = RA cos α
mg
= 0.20000mg or P =
5
PROBLEM 4.95
A uniform slender rod of length 2L and mass m rests against a roller at D
and is held in the equilibrium position shown by a cord of length a.
Knowing that L = 200 mm, determine (a) the angle θ, (b) the length a.
SOLUTION
(a) The forces acting on the three-force member AB intersect at E. Since
triangle DBC is isosceles, DB = a.
From triangle BDE
ED = DB tan 2θ = a tan 2θ
From triangle GED
ED =
( L − a)
tan θ
L−a
∴ a tan 2θ = or a ( tan θ tan 2θ + 1) = L (1)
tan θ
1 (1.25L )
L
From triangle BCD a= 2
or = 1.6cosθ (2)
cosθ a
Substituting Equation (2) into Equation (1) yields
1.6cosθ = 1 + tan θ tan 2θ
sin θ sin 2θ
Now tan θ tan 2θ =
cosθ cos 2θ
sin θ 2sin θ cosθ
=
cosθ 2 cos 2 θ − 1
2 (1 − cos 2 θ )
=
2cos 2 θ − 1
2 (1 − cos 2 θ )
Then 1.6cosθ = 1 +
2cos 2 θ − 1
or 3.2cos3 θ − 1.6cosθ − 1 = 0
Solving numerically θ = 23.515° or θ = 23.5°
(b) From Equation (2) for L = 200 mm and θ = 23.5°
5 ( 200 mm )
a= = 136.321 mm
8 cos 23.515°
or a = 136.3 mm
PROBLEM 4.96
Gears A and B are attached to a shaft supported by bearings at C and D.
The diameters of gears A and B are 150 mm and 75 mm, respectively, and
the tangential and radial forces acting on the gears are as shown.
Knowing that the system rotates at a constant rate, determine the
reactions at C and D. Assume that the bearing at C does not exert any
axial force, and neglect the weights of the gears and the shaft.
SOLUTION
Assume moment reactions at the bearing supports are zero. From f.b.d. of
shaft
ΣFx = 0: ∴ Dx = 0
+ ( 2650 N ) ( 50 mm ) = 0
∴ C y = 963.71 N
or C y = ( 964 N ) j
+ ( 964 N ) ( 50 mm ) = 0
∴ C z = −843.29 N
or C z = ( 843 N ) k
+ ( 2650 N ) ( 225 mm ) = 0
∴ D y = −3131.7 N
or D y = − ( 3130 N ) j
+ ( 964 N ) ( 225 mm ) = 0
∴ Dz = 482.29 N
or D z = ( 482 N ) k
SOLUTION
Assume moment reactions at the bearing supports are zero. From f.b.d. of
shaft
ΣFx = 0: ∴ Dx = 0
+ ( 2650 N ) ( 50 mm ) = 0
∴ C y = 189.286 N
or C y = (189.3 N ) j
+ ( 964 N ) ( 50 mm ) = 0
∴ C z = −482.00 N
or C z = − ( 482 N ) k
∴ Dy = − 4164.3 N
or D y = − ( 4160 N ) j
+ ( 964 N )( 225 mm ) = 0
∴ Dz = 964.00 N
or D z = ( 964 N ) k
SOLUTION
Assume moment reactions at the bearing supports are zero. From f.b.d. of shaft
(a) ΣM x-axis = 0: ( 240 N − 180 N )( 50 mm ) + ( 300 N − T )( 40 mm ) = 0
∴ T = 375 N
(b) ΣFx = 0: Bx = 0
or B = ( 338 N ) j − ( 700 N ) k
∴ D y = 337.5 N
or D = ( 338 N ) j − ( 280 N ) k
PROBLEM 4.99
For the portion of a machine shown, the 4-in.-diameter pulley A and
wheel B are fixed to a shaft supported by bearings at C and D. The spring
of constant 2 lb/in. is unstretched when θ = 0, and the bearing at C does
not exert any axial force. Knowing that θ = 180° and that the machine is
at rest and in equilibrium, determine (a) the tension T, (b) the reactions at
C and D. Neglect the weights of the shaft, pulley, and wheel.
SOLUTION
FE = ks x
where ks = 2 lb/in.
x = ( yE )final − ( yE )initial = (12 in. + 3.5 in.) − (12 in. − 3.5 in.) = 7.0 in.
∴ C y = −4.2 lb or C y = − ( 4.20 lb ) j
∴ C z = −27.2 lb or C z = − ( 27.2 lb ) k
ΣFx = 0: Dx = 0
∴ Dy = 18.2 lb or D y = (18.20 lb ) j
∴ Dz = −40.8 lb or D z = − ( 40.8 lb ) k
SOLUTION
FE = ks x
where ks = 2 lb/in.
and x = Lfinal − Linitial = ( 3.5)2 + (12 )2 − (12 − 3.5) = 12.5 − 8.5 = 4.0 in.
∴ FE = ( 2 lb/in.)( 4.0 in.) = 8.0 lb
−12.0 3.5
Then FE = (8.0 lb ) j + (8.0 lb ) k = − ( 7.68 lb ) j + ( 2.24 lb ) k
12.5 12.5
(a) From f.b.d. of machine part
ΣM x = 0: ( 34 lb ) ( 2 in.) − T ( 2 in.) − ( 7.68 lb )( 3.5 in.) = 0
∴ T = 20.56 lb or T = 20.6 lb
∴ C y = −2.304 lb or C y = − ( 2.30 lb ) j
ΣM D ( y -axis ) = 0: Cz (10 in.) + ( 34 lb ) ( 4.0 in.) + ( 20.56 lb ) ( 4.0 in.) − ( 2.24 lb ) ( 3 in.) = 0
∴ C z = −21.152 lb or C z = − ( 21.2 lb ) k
ΣFx = 0: Dx = 0
∴ D y = 9.984 lb or D y = ( 9.98 lb ) j
∴ Dz = −35.648 lb or D z = − ( 35.6 lb ) k
SOLUTION
First note ( )
W = mg = (17 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 166.77 N
(1.125 m )
ΣM z = 0: C ( h ) − W =0
2
∴ C = 224.65 N or C = − ( 225 N ) i
∴ Ax = 112.324 N or A x = (112.3 N ) i
∴ Ay = 41.693 N or A y = ( 41.7 N ) j
∴ Bx = 112.325 N or B x = (112.3 N ) i
PROBLEM 4.101 CONTINUED
∴ By = 125.078 N or B y = (125.1 N ) j
∴ A = (112.3 N ) i + ( 41.7 N ) j
B = (112.3 N ) i + (125.1 N ) j
C = − ( 225 N ) i
PROBLEM 4.102
The 200 × 200-mm square plate shown has a mass of 25 kg and is
supported by three vertical wires. Determine the tension in each wire.
SOLUTION
First note ( )
W = mg = ( 25 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 245.25 N
∴ TB + TC = 153.281 N (2)
ΣFy = 0: TA + TB + TC − 245.25 N = 0
∴ TB + TC = 245.25 − TA (3)
Equating Equations (2) and (3) yields
TA = 245.25 N − 153.281 N = 91.969 N (4)
or TA = 92.0 N
Substituting the value of TA into Equation (1)
TC =
( 245.25 N − 91.969 N ) = 76.641 N (5)
2
or TC = 76.6 N
Substituting the value of TC into Equation (2)
TB = 153.281 N − 76.641 N = 76.639 N or TB = 76.6 N
TA = 92.0 N
TB = 76.6 N
TC = 76.6 N
PROBLEM 4.103
The 200 × 200-mm square plate shown has a mass of 25 kg and is
supported by three vertical wires. Determine the mass and location of the
lightest block which should be placed on the plate if the tensions in the
three cables are to be equal.
SOLUTION
First note ( )
WG = m p1g = ( 25 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 245.25 N
( )
W1 = mg = m 9.81 m/s 2 = ( 9.81m ) N
ΣM z = 0: 2T (160 mm ) − WG (100 mm ) − W1 ( x ) = 0
−100W1 + W1z = 0
W1 20
or =
WG ( 3 x − 320 )
W1
The smallest value of will result in the smallest value of W1 since WG is given.
WG
W1 20 1
and then = =
WG 3 ( 200 ) − 320 14
WG 245.25 N
∴ W1 = = = 17.5179 N ( minimum )
14 14
W1 17.5179 N
and m= = = 1.78571 kg
g 9.81 m/s 2
or m = 1.786 kg
at x = 200 mm, z = 100 mm
PROBLEM 4.104
A camera of mass 240 g is mounted on a small tripod of mass 200 g.
Assuming that the mass of the camera is uniformly distributed and that
the line of action of the weight of the tripod passes through D, determine
(a) the vertical components of the reactions at A, B, and C when θ = 0,
(b) the maximum value of θ if the tripod is not to tip over.
SOLUTION
First note ( )
WC = mC g = ( 0.24 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 2.3544 N
For θ = 0 xC = − ( 60 mm − 24 mm ) = −36 mm
zC = 0
(a) From f.b.d. of camera and tripod as projected onto plane ABCD
ΣFy = 0: Ay + By + C y − WC − Wtp = 0
ΣM x = 0: C y ( 38 mm ) − By ( 38 mm ) = 0 ∴ C y = By (2)
ΣM z = 0: By ( 35 mm ) + C y ( 35 mm ) + ( 2.3544 N ) ( 36 mm ) − Ay ( 45 mm ) = 0
Substitute C y with By from Equation (2) into Equations (1) and (3), and solve by elimination
(
7 Ay + 2 By = 4.3164 )
9 Ay − 14By = 16.9517
16 Ay = 47.166
PROBLEM 4.104 CONTINUED
∴ Ay = 2.9479 N
or A y = 2.95 N
2.9479 N + 2 By = 4.3164
∴ By = 0.68425 N
C y = 0.68425 N
or B y = C y = 0.684 N
∴ Ay + C y = 4.3164 N (1)
∴ C y = 2.2305sin θ (2)
SOLUTION
WBC = ( 5 lb/ft )( 4 ft ) = 20 lb
W = WAB + WBC = 30 lb
To locate the equivalent force of the pipe assembly weight
rG/B × W = Σ ( ri × Wi ) = rG ( AB ) × WAB + rG ( BC ) × WBC
10 lb ⋅ ft 1
From i-coefficient zG = = ft
30 lb 3
40 lb ⋅ ft 1
k-coefficient xG = = 1 ft
30 lb 3
From f.b.d. of piping
ΣM x = 0: W ( zG ) − TA ( 2 ft ) = 0
1 1
∴ TA = ft 30 lb ft = 5 lb or TA = 5.00 lb
2 3
ΣFy = 0: 5 lb + TD + TC − 30 lb = 0
∴ TD + TC = 25 lb (1)
PROBLEM 4.105 CONTINUED
4
ΣM z = 0: TD (1.25 ft ) + TC ( 4 ft ) − 30 lb ft = 0
3
∴ 1.25TD + 4TC = 40 lb ⋅ ft (2)
∴ TD = 21.818 lb or TD = 21.8 lb
Results: TA = 5.00 lb
TC = 3.18 lb
TD = 21.8 lb
PROBLEM 4.106
For the pile assembly of Problem 4.105, determine (a) the largest
permissible value of a if the assembly is not to tip, (b) the corresponding
tension in each wire.
P4.105 Two steel pipes AB and BC, each having a weight per unit length
of 5 lb/ft, are welded together at B and are supported by three wires.
Knowing that a = 1.25 ft, determine the tension in each wire.
SOLUTION
WBC = ( 5 lb/ft )( 4 ft ) = 20 lb
ΣFy = 0: TA + TC + TD − 10 lb − 20 lb = 0
∴ TA + TC + TD = 30 lb (1)
ΣM x = 0: (10 lb )(1 ft ) − TA ( 2 ft ) = 0
or TA = 5.00 lb (2)
ΣM z = 0: TC ( 4 ft ) + TD ( amax ) − 20 lb ( 2 ft ) = 0
or ( 4 ft ) TC + TD amax = 40 lb ⋅ ft (4)
PROBLEM 4.106 CONTINUED
4 ( 25 − TD ) + TD amax = 40
60
or amax = 4 −
TD
By observation, a is maximum when TD is maximum. From Equation (3), (TD )max occurs when TC = 0.
Therefore, (TD )max = 25 lb and
60
amax = 4 −
25
= 1.600 ft
(b) TA = 5.00 lb
TC = 0
TD = 25.0 lb
PROBLEM 4.107
A uniform aluminum rod of weight W is bent into a circular ring of radius
R and is supported by three wires as shown. Determine the tension in
each wire.
SOLUTION
From f.b.d. of ring
ΣFy = 0: TA + TB + TC − W = 0
∴ TA + TB + TC = W (1)
ΣM x = 0: TA ( R ) − TC ( R sin 30° ) = 0
∴ TA = 0.5TC (2)
ΣM z = 0: TC ( R cos 30° ) − TB ( R ) = 0
∴ TB = 0.86603TC (3)
Substituting TA and TB from Equations (2) and (3) into Equation (1)
0.5TC + 0.86603TC + TC = W
∴ TC = 0.42265W
or TA = 0.211W
TB = 0.366W
TC = 0.423W
PROBLEM 4.108
A uniform aluminum rod of weight W is bent into a circular ring of radius
R and is supported by three wires as shown. A small collar of weight W ′
is then placed on the ring and positioned so that the tensions in the three
wires are equal. Determine (a) the position of the collar, (b) the value of
W ′, (c) the tension in the wires.
SOLUTION
Let θ = angle from x-axis to small collar of weight W ′
From f.b.d. of ring
ΣFy = 0: 3T − W − W ′ = 0 (1)
1
or W ′ sin θ = − T (2)
2
ΣM z = 0: T ( R cos 30° ) − W ′ ( R cosθ ) − T ( R ) = 0
3
or W ′ cosθ = − 1 − T (3)
2
Dividing Equation (2) by Equation (3)
−1
1 3
tan θ = 1 − = 3.7321
2 2
∴ W ′ = 0.20853W
or W ′ = 0.209W
(c) From Equation (1)
T = −2 ( 0.20853W ) sin 255°
= 0.40285W
or T = 0.403W
PROBLEM 4.109
An opening in a floor is covered by a 3 × 4-ft sheet of plywood weighing
12 lb. The sheet is hinged at A and B and is maintained in a position
slightly above the floor by a small block C. Determine the vertical
component of the reaction (a) at A, (b) at B, (c) at C.
SOLUTION
ΣM x = 0: (12 lb )( 2 ft ) − C y ( 3.5 ft ) = 0
∴ C y = 6.8571 lb or C y = 6.86 lb
∴ Ay = 7.7143 lb or Ay = 7.71 lb
∴ By = 2.5714 lb or By = 2.57 lb
(a) Ay = 7.71 lb
(b) By = 2.57 lb
(c) C y = 6.86 lb
PROBLEM 4.110
Solve Problem 4.109 assuming that the small block C is moved and
placed under edge DE at a point 0.5 ft from corner E.
SOLUTION
First, rB/ A = ( 2 ft ) i
rC/ A = ( 2 ft ) i + ( 4 ft ) k
rG/ A = (1 ft ) i + ( 2 ft ) k
( 2 ft ) i × By j + ( 2 ft ) i × Bzk + [( 2 ft ) i + ( 4 ft ) k ] × C y j
+ [(1 ft ) i + ( 2 ft ) k ] × ( −12 lb ) j = 0
j-coeff. −2 Bz = 0 ∴ Bz = 0
k-coeff. 2By + 2C y − 12 = 0
or 2By + 2 ( 6 ) − 12 = 0 ∴ By = 0
PROBLEM 4.110 CONTINUED
ΣF = 0: Ay j + Azk + By j + Bzk + C y j − Wj = 0
Ay j + Az k + 0 j + 0k + 6 j − 12 j = 0
j-coeff. Ay + 6 − 12 = 0 ∴ Ay = 6.00 lb
k-coeff. Az = 0 Az = 0
∴ a) Ay = 6.00 lb
b) By = 0
c) C y = 6.00 lb
PROBLEM 4.111
The 10-kg square plate shown is supported by three vertical wires.
Determine (a) the tension in each wire when a = 100 mm, (b) the value
of a for which tensions in the three wires are equal.
SOLUTION
First note ( )
W = mg = (10 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 98.1 N
ΣFy = 0: TA + TB + TC − W = 0
∴ TA + TB + TC = 98.1 N (1)
−16TC = −588.6
∴ TC = 36.788 N
or TC = 36.8 N W
∴ TB = 36.788 N or TB = 36.8 N W
∴ TA = 24.525 N or TA = 24.5 N W
PROBLEM 4.111 CONTINUED
ΣFy = 0: 3T − W = 0
1
∴ T = W (1)
3
ΣM x = 0: W (150 mm ) − T ( a ) − T ( 300 mm ) = 0
150W
∴ T = (2)
a + 300
1 150W
W =
3 a + 300
or a + 300 = 3 (150 )
or a = 150.0 mm W
PROBLEM 4.112
The 3-m flagpole AC forms an angle of 30o with the z axis. It is held by
a ball-and-socket joint at C and by two thin braces BD and BE. Knowing
that the distance BC is 0.9 m, determine the tension in each brace and the
reaction at C.
SOLUTION
( )
ΣM CE = 0: λ CE ⋅ rB/C × TBD + λ CE ⋅ ( rA/C × FA ) = 0
( 0.9 m ) i + ( 0.9 m ) j 1
where λ CE = = ( i + j)
( 0.9 )2 + ( 0.9 )2 m 2
= ( 0.45 m ) j + ( 0.77942 m ) k
FA = − ( 300 N ) j
1 1 0 1 1 0
TBD 1
∴ 0 0.45 0.77942 + 0 1.5 2.5981 =0
2 2
−0.70711 0.35355 −0.61237 0 −300 0
PROBLEM 4.112 CONTINUED
or −1.10227TBD + 779.43 = 0
∴ C y = −200.00 N
Cz = 2 ( 0.61237 )( 707.12 N )
∴ C z = 866.04 N
or C = − ( 200 N ) j + ( 866 N ) k W
PROBLEM 4.113
A 3-m boom is acted upon by the 4-kN force shown. Determine the
tension in each cable and the reaction at the ball-and-socket joint at A.
SOLUTION
( ) (
ΣM AE = 0: λ AE ⋅ rB/ A × TBD + λ AE ⋅ rC/ A × FC = 0 )
where λ AE =
( 2.1 m ) j − (1.8 m ) k
( 2.1)2 + (1.8)2 m
= 0.27451j − 0.23529k
rB/ A = (1.8 m ) i
TBD = λ BDTBD =
( −1.8 m ) i + ( 2.1 m ) j + (1.8 m ) k T
BD
(1.8)2 + ( 2.1)2 + (1.8)2 m
= ( −0.54545i + 0.63636 j + 0.54545k ) TBD
rC/ A = ( 3.0 m ) i
FC = − ( 4 kN ) j
PROBLEM 4.113 CONTINUED
Ay + 2 ( 0.63636 )( 5.2381 kN ) − 4 kN = 0
∴ Ay = −2.6666 kN
Ax − 2 ( 0.54545 )( 5.2381 kN ) = 0
∴ Ax = 5.7142 kN
SOLUTION
( )
ΣM CE = 0: λ CE ⋅ rA/C × TAD + λ CE ⋅ rA/C × FA = 0 ( )
( 2 ft ) j − ( 3 ft ) k 1
where λ CE = = ( 2 j − 3k )
( 2 )2 + ( 3)2 ft 13
rA/C = ( 8 ft ) i
− ( 8 ft ) i + (1 ft ) j + ( 4 ft ) k
TAD = λ ADTAD = TAD
(8) + (1) + ( 4 ) ft
2 2 2
1
= TAD ( −8i + j + 4k )
9
FA = − (198 lb ) j
0 2 −3 0 2 −3
TAD 198
∴ 8 0 0 + 8 0 0 =0
9 13 13
−8 1 4 0 −1 0
PROBLEM 4.114 CONTINUED
TAD 198
( −64 − 24 ) + ( 24 ) =0
9 13 13
∴ TAD = 486.00 lb
or TAD = 486 lb W
( )
ΣM CD = 0: λ CD ⋅ rB/C × TBE + λ CD ⋅ rA/C × FA ( )
(1 ft ) j + ( 4 ft ) k 1
where λ CD = = (1j + 4k )
17 ft 17
rB/C = ( 6 ft ) i
− ( 6 ft ) i + ( 2 ft ) j − ( 3 ft ) k 1
TBE = λ BETBE = TBE = TBE ( −6i + 2 j − 3k )
(6) 2
+ ( 2 ) + ( 3) ft
2 2 7
0 1 4 0 1 4
TBE 198
∴ 6 0 0 + 8 0 0 =0
7 17 17
−6 2 −3 0 −1 0
TBE
(18 + 48) + ( −32 )198 = 0
7
∴ TBE = 672.00 lb
or TBE = 672 lb W
8 6
Cx − 486 − 672 = 0
9 7
∴ C x = 1008 lb
1 2
C y + 486 + 672 − 198 lb = 0
9 7
∴ C y = −48.0 lb
4 3
Cz + 486 − ( 672 ) = 0
9 7
∴ Cz = 72.0 lb
SOLUTION
( ) ( )
ΣM CE = 0: λ CE ⋅ rA/C × TAD + λ CE ⋅ rA/C × FA + λ CE ⋅ rB/C × FB = 0 ( )
( 2 ft ) j − ( 3 ft ) k 1
where λ CE = = ( 2 j − 3k )
( 2 )2 + ( 3)2 ft 13
rA/C = ( 8 ft ) i
rB/C = ( 6 ft ) i
− ( 8 ft ) i + (1 ft ) j + ( 4 ft ) k
TAD = λ ADTAD = TAD
(8) + (1) + ( 4 ) ft
2 2 2
1
= TAD ( −8i + j + 4k )
9
FA = − ( 99 lb ) j
FB = − ( 99 lb ) j
0 2 −3 0 2 −3 0 2 −3
TAD 99 99
∴ 8 0 0 + 8 0 0 + 6 0 0 =0
9 13 13 13
−8 1 4 0 −1 0 0 −1 0
PROBLEM 4.115 CONTINUED
TAD 99
( −64 − 24 ) + ( 24 + 18 ) =0
9 13 13
or TAD = 425.25 lb
or TAD = 425 lb W
( ) ( )
ΣM CD = 0: λ CD ⋅ rB/C × TBE + λ CD ⋅ rA/C × FA + λ CD ⋅ rB/C × FB = 0 ( )
(1 ft ) j + ( 4 ft ) k 1
where λ CD = = ( j + 4k )
17 17
rB/C = ( 6 ft ) i
rA/C = ( 8 ft ) j
− ( 6 ft ) i + ( 2 ft ) j − ( 3 ft ) k TBE
TBE = λ BETBE = TBE = ( −6i + 2 j − 3k )
(6) 2
+ ( 2 ) + ( 3) ft
2 2 7
0 1 4 0 1 4 0 1 4
T 99 99
∴ 6 0 0 BE + 8 0 0 + 6 0 0 =0
7 17 17 17
−6 2 −3 0 −1 0 0 −1 0
(18 + 48)
TBE 99
+ ( −32 − 24 ) =0
7 17 17
or TBE = 588.00 lb
or TBE = 588 lb W
8 6
Cx − 425.25 − 588.00 = 0
9 7
∴ C x = 882 lb
1 2
C y + 425.25 + 588.00 − 198 = 0
9 7
∴ C y = −17.25 lb
4 3
Cz + 425.25 − 588.00 = 0
9 7
∴ Cz = 63.0 lb
SOLUTION
( )
ΣM AE = 0: λ AE ⋅ rB/ A × TBD + λ AE ⋅ rC/ A × FC = 0 ( )
( 4.5 ft ) i + ( 9 ft ) k 1
where λ AE = = ( 4.5i + 9k )
( 4.5 )2 + ( 9 )2 ft 101.25
rB/ A = ( 9 ft ) j
rC/ A = (18 ft ) j
TBD = λ BDTBD =
( 4.5 ft ) i − ( 9 ft ) j − ( 9 ft ) k T
BD
( 4.5)2 + ( 9 )2 + ( 9 )2 ft
T
= BD ( 4.5i − 9 j − 9k )
13.5
−9i − 18 j + 6k
FC = λ CF ( 210 lb ) = ( 210 lb ) = 10 lb ( −9i − 18j + 6k )
( 9 )2 + (18)2 + ( 6 )2
4.5 0 9 4.5 0 9
TBD 10 lb
∴ 0 9 0 + 0 18 0 =0
13.5 101.25 101.25
4.5 −9 −9 −9 −18 6
PROBLEM 4.116 CONTINUED
( −364.5 − 364.5) T +
( 486 + 1458) (10 lb ) = 0
BD
13.5 101.25 101.25
and TBD = 360.00 lb
or TBD = 360 lb
( )
ΣM AD = 0: λ AD ⋅ rB/ A × TBE + λ AD ⋅ rC/ A × FC = 0 ( )
( 4.5 ft ) i − ( 9 ft ) k 1
where λ AD = = ( 4.5i − 9k )
( 4.5 )2 + ( 9 )2 ft 101.25
rB/ A = ( 9 ft ) j
rC/ A = (18 ft ) j
( 4.5 ft ) i − ( 9 ft ) j + ( 9 ft ) k T TBE
TBE = λ BETBE = BE = ( 4.5i − 9 j + 9k )
( 4.5 ) + ( 9 ) + ( 9 ) ft
2 2 2 13.5
4.5 0 −9 4.5 0 −9
TBE 10 lb
∴ 0 9 0 + 0 18 0 =0
13.5 101.25 101.25
4.5 −9 9 −9 −18 6
( 364.5 + 364.5 ) T +
( 486 − 1458 )10 lb =0
BE
13.5 101.25 101.25
or TBE = 180.0 lb
or TBE = 180.0 lb
4.5 4.5 9
Ax + 360 + 180 − 210 = 0
13.5 13.5 21
∴ Ax = −90.0 lb
9 9 18
Ay − 360 − 180 − 210 = 0
13.5 13.5 21
∴ Ay = 540 lb
9 9 6
Az − 360 + 180 + 210 = 0
13.5 13.5 21
∴ Az = 60.0 lb
SOLUTION
( ) (
ΣM AE = 0 : λ AE ⋅ rB/ A × TBD + λ AE ⋅ rC/ A × FC = 0 )
( 4.5 ft ) i + ( 9 ft ) k 1
where λ AE = = ( 4.5i + 9k )
( 4.5 )2 + ( 9 )2 ft 101.25
rB/ A = ( 9 ft ) j
rC/ A = (18 ft ) j
TBD = λ BDTBD =
( 4.5 ft ) i − ( 9 ft ) j − ( 9 ft ) k T
BD
( 4.5)2 + ( 9 )2 + ( 9 )2 ft
T
= BD ( 4.5i − 9 j − 9k )
13.5
−4.5i − 18 j + 6k
FC = λ CF ( 210 lb ) = ( 210 lb )
( 4.5)2 + (18)2 + ( 6 )2
210 lb
= ( −4.5i − 18 j + 6k )
19.5
4.5 0 9 4.5 0 9
TBD 210 lb
∴ 0 9 0 + 0 18 0 =0
13.5 101.25 19.5 101.25
4.5 −9 −9 −4.5 −18 6
PROBLEM 4.117 CONTINUED
( )
ΣM AD = 0: λ AD ⋅ rB/ A × TBE + λ AD ⋅ rC/ A × FC = 0 ( )
( 4.5 ft ) i − ( 9 ft ) k 1
where λ AD = = ( 4.5i − 9k ) ,
( 4.5 )2 + ( 9 )2 ft 101.25
rB/ A = ( 9 ft ) j
rC/ A = (18 ft ) j
( 4.5 ft ) i − ( 9 ft ) j + ( 9 ft ) k T TBE
TBE = λ BETBE = BE = ( 4.5i − 9 j + 9k )
( 4.5 ) + ( 9 ) + ( 9 ) ft
2 2 2 13.5
4.5 0 −9 4.5 0 −9
TBE 210 lb
∴ 0 9 0 + 0 18 0 =0
13.5 101.25 19.5 101.25
4.5 −9 9 −4.5 −18 6
( 364.5 + 364.5 ) T +
( 486 − 729 )( 210 lb ) =0
BE
13.5 101.25 19.5 101.25
or TBE = 48.462 lb
or TBE = 48.5 lb
9 9 18
Ay − 242.31 − 48.462 − 210 =
13.5 13.5 19.5
∴ Ay = 387.69 lb
9 9 6
Az − 242.31 + 48.462 + 2
13.5 13.5 19.5
∴ Az = 64.591 lb
SOLUTION
( ) (
ΣM z = 0: k ⋅ rC/D × TCI + k ⋅ rA/D × FA = 0 )
where rC/D = (1.8 m ) i
− (1.8 m ) i + (1.12 m ) j
TCI = λ CI TCI = TCI
(1.8) + (1.12 ) m
2 2
T
= CI ( −1.8i + 1.12 j)
2.12
rA/D = ( 3.5 m ) i
FA = − ( 560 N ) j
0 0 1 0 0 1
TCI
∴ ΣM z = 1.8 0 0 + 3.5 0 0 ( 560 N ) = 0
2.12
−1.8 1.12 0 0 −1 0
TCI
( 2.016 ) + ( −3.5 ) 560 = 0
2.12
or TCI = TFH = 2061.1 N
TICFH = 2.06 kN
PROBLEM 4.118 CONTINUED
( )
ΣM y = 0: j ⋅ rG/D × TEG + j ⋅ rH /D × TFH = 0 ( )
where rG/D = ( 3.4 m ) k
rH /D = − ( 2.5 m ) k
− ( 3.0 m ) i + ( 3.15 m ) k T
TEG = TEG = EG ( −3i + 3.15k )
( 3)2 + ( 3.15)2 m 4.35
0 1 0 0 1 0
TEG 2061.1 N
∴ 0 0 3.4 + 0 0 −2.5 =0
4.35 3.75
−3 0 3.15 −3 0 −2.25
TEG 2061.1 N
− (10.2 ) + ( 7.5 ) =0
4.35 3.75
or TEG = 1758.00 N
TEG = 1.758 kN
1.8 ( 3.0 ( 3 (
Dx − 2061.1 N ) − 2061.1 N ) − 1758 N ) = 0
2.12 3.75 4.35
∴ Dx = 4611.3 N
1.12 (
Dy + 2061.1 N ) − 560 N = 0
2.12
∴ D y = −528.88 N
3.15 ( 2.25 (
Dz + 1758 N ) − 2061.1 N ) = 0
4.35 3.75
∴ Dz = −36.374 N
SOLUTION
( ) (
ΣM z = 0: k ⋅ rC/D × TCI + k ⋅ rB/D × FB = 0 )
where rC/D = (1.8 m ) i
− (1.8 m ) i + (1.12 m ) j
TCI = λ CI TCI = TCI
(1.8)2 + (1.12 )2 m
T
= CI ( −1.8i + 1.12 j)
2.12
rB/D = ( 3.0 m ) i
FB = − ( 560 N ) j
0 0 1 0 0 1
TCI
∴ 1.8 0 0 + 3 0 0 ( 560 N ) = 0
2.12
−1.8 1.12 0 0 −1 0
TCI
( 2.016 ) + ( −3) 560 = 0
2.12
or TCI = TFH = 1766.67 N
TICFH = 1.767 kN
PROBLEM 4.119 CONTINUED
( )
ΣM y = 0: j ⋅ rG/D × TEG + j ⋅ rH /D × TFH = 0( )
where rG/D = ( 3.4 m ) k
rH /D = − ( 2.5 m ) k
0 1 0 0 1 0
TEG 1766.67
∴ 0 0 3.4 + 0 0 −2.5 =0
4.35 3.75
−3 0 3.15 −3 0 −2.25
TEG 1766.67
− (10.2 ) + ( 7.5 ) =0
4.35 3.75
or TEG = 1506.86 N
TEG = 1.507 kN
1.8 ( 3 ( 3 (
Dx − 1766.67 N ) − 1766.67 N ) − 1506.86 N ) = 0
2.12 3.75 4.35
∴ Dx = 3952.5 N
1.12 (
Dy + 1766.67 N ) − 560 N = 0
2.12
∴ D y = −373.34 N
3.15 ( 2.25 (
Dz + 1506.86 N ) − 1766.67 N ) = 0
4.35 3.75
∴ Dz = −31.172 N
SOLUTION
0.225
ΣM y = 0: − ( 220 N )( 0.24 m ) + TDG ( 0.16 m ) = 0
0.255
∴ TDG = 374.00 N
or TDG = 374 N
(b) From f.b.d. of assembly
0.120
ΣM F ( z -axis ) = 0: ( 220 N )( 0.19 m ) − Ex ( 0.13 m ) − 374 N ( 0.16 m ) = 0
0.255
∴ Ex = 104.923 N
∴ Fx = 115.077 N
0.225
ΣM F ( x-axis ) = 0: Ez ( 0.13 m ) + 374 N ( 0.06 m ) = 0
0.255
∴ Ez = −152.308 N
PROBLEM 4.120 CONTINUED
0.225
ΣFz = 0: Fz − 152.308 N − ( 374 N ) =0
0.255
∴ Fz = 482.31 N
0.12
ΣFy = 0: Fy − ( 374 N ) =0
0.255
∴ Fy = 176.0 N
E = (104.9 N ) i − (152.3 N ) k
SOLUTION
First note ( )
W = mg = ( 30 kg ) 9.81 m/s2 = 294.3 N
∴ Ax = −39.429 N
∴ Bx = 0
PROBLEM 4.121 CONTINUED
∴ By = 147.180 N
or A = − ( 39.4 N ) i
B = (147.2 N ) j
PROBLEM 4.122
The rectangular plate shown has a mass of 15 kg and is held in the
position shown by hinges A and B and cable EF. Assuming that the hinge
at B does not exert any axial thrust, determine (a) the tension in the cable,
(b) the reactions at A and B.
SOLUTION
First note ( )
W = mg = (15 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 147.15 N
or TEF = 97.1 N
ΣFx = 0: Ax + (TEF ) x = 0
0.08
Ax + ( 97.119 N ) = 0
0.33
∴ Ax = −23.544 N
PROBLEM 4.122 CONTINUED
0.25
or − Ay ( 0.3 m ) − 97.119 N ( 0.04 m ) + 147.15 N ( 0.15 m ) = 0
0.33
∴ Ay = 63.765 N
0.08 0.2
Az ( 0.3 m ) + TEF ( 0.2 m ) − TEF ( 0.04 m ) = 0
0.33 0.33
∴ Az = −7.848 N
ΣFy = 0: Ay − W + (TEF ) y + By = 0
0.25
63.765 N − 147.15 N + ( 97.119 N ) + By = 0
0.33
∴ By = 9.81 N
ΣFz = 0: Az − (TEF ) z + Bz = 0
0.2
−7.848 N − ( 97.119 N ) + Bz = 0
0.33
∴ Bz = 66.708 N
SOLUTION
First note ( )
W = mg = (15 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 = 147.15 N
− ( 0.3 m ) i + ( 0.12 m ) j − ( 0.2 m ) k T
TEH = λ EH TEH = T = EH − ( 0.3) i + ( 0.12 ) j − ( 0.2 ) k
EH
( 0.3) + ( 0.12 ) + ( 0.2 ) m
2 2 2 0.38
or TEH = 233 N
ΣFx = 0: Ax + (TEH ) x = 0
0.3
Ax − ( 232.99 N ) = 0
0.38
∴ Ax = 183.938 N
PROBLEM 4.123 CONTINUED
0.12
or − Ay ( 0.3 m ) − ( 232.99 N ) ( 0.04 m ) + (147.15 N )( 0.15 m ) = 0
0.38
∴ Ay = 63.765 N
0.3 0.2
or Az ( 0.3 m ) − ( 232.99 N ) ( 0.2 m ) − ( 232.99 ) ( 0.04 m ) = 0
0.38 0.38
∴ Az = 138.976 N
ΣFy = 0: Ay + By − W + (TEH ) y = 0
0.12
63.765 N + By − 147.15 N + ( 232.99 N ) = 0
0.38
∴ By = 9.8092 N
ΣFz = 0: Az + Bz − (TEH ) z = 0
0.2
138.976 N + Bz − ( 232.99 N ) = 0
0.38
∴ Bz = −16.3497 N
SOLUTION
27
T 31 ( 28 in.) − (16 lb )(14 in.) = 0
∴ T = 9.1852 lb
or T = 9.19 lb
27
− Ay ( 30 in.) + (16 lb )(15 in.) − ( 9.1852 lb ) ( 4 in.) = 0
31
∴ Ay = 6.9333 lb
PROBLEM 4.124 CONTINUED
6 14
Az ( 30 in.) + ( 9.1852 lb ) ( 28 in.) − ( 9.1852 lb ) ( 4 in.) = 0
31 31
∴ Az = −1.10617 lb
or A = ( 6.93 lb ) j − (1.106 lb ) k
6
ΣFx = 0: Bx + Tx = Bx + ( 9.1852 lb ) = 0
31
∴ Bx = −1.77778 lb
ΣFy = 0: By + Ty − W + Ay = 0
27
By + ( 9.1852 lb ) − 16 lb + 6.9333 lb = 0
31
∴ By = 1.06666 lb
ΣFz = 0: Az − Tz + Bz = 0
14
−1.10617 lb − ( 9.1852 lb ) + Bz = 0
31
∴ Bz = 5.2543 lb
SOLUTION
First note T = λ IF T =
( 3 in.) i + ( 54 in.) j − (10 in.) k T
( 3)2 + ( 54 )2 + (10 )2 in.
T
= ( 3i + 54 j − 10k )
55
W = − (16 lb ) j
54
− Ay ( 30 in.) + (16 lb )(15 in.) + ( 22.815 lb ) ( 5 in.) = 0
55
∴ Ay = 11.7334 lb
PROBLEM 4.125 CONTINUED
3 10
Az ( 30 in.) + ( 22.815 lb ) (10 in.) + ( 22.815 lb ) ( 5 in.) = 0
55 55
∴ Az = −1.10618 lb
or A = (11.73 lb ) j − (1.106 lb ) k
ΣFx = 0: Bx + Tx = 0
3
Bx + ( 22.815 lb ) = 0
55
∴ Bx = −1.24444 lb
ΣFy = 0: Ay − W + Ty + By = 0
54
11.7334 lb − 16 lb + ( 22.815 lb ) + By = 0
55
∴ By = −18.1336 lb
ΣFz = 0: Az − Tz + Bz = 0
10
−1.10618 lb − ( 22.815 lb ) + Bz = 0
55
∴ Bz = 5.2544 lb
SOLUTION
λ CE =
( 9 in.) i + ( 22.5 in.) j − (15 in.) k
28.5 in.
1
= ( 9i + 22.5 j − 15k )
28.5
W = − ( 285 lb ) j
23 9
(b) ΣFx = 0: Ax − T +T =0
35.5 28.5
23 ( 9
Ax − (100.121 lb ) + 100.121 lb ) =0
35.5 28.5
∴ Ax = 33.250 lb
22.5 22.5
ΣM B( z -axis ) = 0: − Ay ( 26 in.) + W (13 in.) − T ( 6 in.) − T 28.5 ( 6 in.) = 0
35.5
22.5
or − Ay ( 26 in.) + ( 285 lb )(13 in.) − (100.121 lb ) ( 6 in.)
35.5
22.5
− (100.121 lb ) ( 6 in.) = 0
28.5
∴ Ay = 109.615 lb
15 23
ΣM B( y -axis ) = 0: Az ( 26 in.) − T ( 6 in.) − T 35.5 (15 in.)
35.5
15 9
− T ( 6 in.) + T 28.5 (15 in.) = 0
28.5
−1
( 90 − 135) (100.121 lb ) = 0
1
or Az ( 26 in.) + ( 90 + 345) −
35.5 28.5
∴ Az = 41.106 lb
22.5 22.5
ΣFy = 0: By − W + T +T + Ay = 0
35.5 28.5
22.5 22.5
By − 285 lb + (100.121 lb ) + + 109.615 lb = 0
35.5 28.5
∴ By = 32.885 lb
15 15
ΣFz = 0: Bz + Az − T −T =0
35.5 28.5
15 15
Bz + 41.106 lb − (100.121 lb ) + =0
35.5 28.5
∴ Bz = 53.894 lb
or B = ( 32.9 lb ) j + ( 53.9 lb ) k
PROBLEM 4.127
Solve Problem 4.126 assuming that cable DCE is replaced by a cable
attached to point E and hook C.
P4.126 A 285-lb uniform rectangular plate is supported in the position
shown by hinges A and B and by cable DCE, which passes over a
frictionless hook at C. Assuming that the tension is the same in both parts
of the cable, determine (a) the tension in the cable, (b) the reactions at A
and B. Assume that the hinge at B does not exert any axial thrust.
SOLUTION
First note λ CE =
( 9 in.) i + ( 22.5 in.) j − (15 in.) k
28.5 in.
1
= ( 9i + 22.5 j − 15k )
28.5
W = − ( 285 lb ) j
9
(b) ΣFx = 0: Ax + T =0
28.5
9
Ax + 180.5 lb =0
28.5
∴ Ax = −57.000 lb
PROBLEM 4.127 CONTINUED
22.5
ΣM B( z -axis ) = 0: − Ay ( 26 in.) + W (13 in.) − T ( 6 in.) = 0
28.5
22.5
− Ay ( 26 in.) + ( 285 lb )(13 in.) − (180.5 lb ) ( 6 in.) = 0
28.5
∴ Ay = 109.615 lb
15 9
ΣM B( y -axis ) = 0: Az ( 26 in.) − T ( 6 in.) + T 28.5 (15 in.) = 0
28.5
45
Az ( 26 in.) + (180.5 lb ) =0
28.5
∴ Az = −10.9615 lb
22.5
ΣFy = 0: By − W + T + Ay = 0
28.5
22.5
By − 285 lb + (180.5 lb ) − 109.615 lb = 0
28.5
∴ By = 32.885 lb
15
ΣFz = 0: Bz + Az − T =0
28.5
15
Bz − 10.9615 lb − 180.5 lb =0
28.5
∴ Bz = 105.962 lb
or B = ( 32.9 lb ) j + (106.0 lb ) k
PROBLEM 4.128
The tensioning mechanism of a belt drive consists of frictionless pulley
A, mounting plate B, and spring C. Attached below the mounting plate is
slider block D which is free to move in the frictionless slot of bracket E.
Knowing that the pulley and the belt lie in a horizontal plane, with
portion F of the belt parallel to the x axis and portion G forming an angle
of 30° with the x axis, determine (a) the force in the spring, (b) the
reaction at D.
SOLUTION
∴ T = 22.392 N or T = 22.4 N
(b) ΣFy = 0: Dy = 0
∴ Dz = 6 N or D = ( 6.00 N ) k
∴ M Dx = 132.0 N ⋅ mm
∴ M Dy = 1007.66 N ⋅ mm
∴ M Dz = 89.575 N ⋅ mm
SOLUTION
− ( 0.16 m ) i + ( 0.12 m ) j
First note TCF = λ CFTCF = TCF
( 0.16 ) + ( 0.12 ) m
2 2
TDE = λ DETDE =
( 0.24 m ) j − ( 0.18 m ) k T
DE
( 0.24 )2 + ( 0.18)2 m
= TDE ( 0.8j − 0.6k )
and from Equation (2) TDE = 2.25 ( 333.33 N ) = 750.00 N or TDE = 750 N
or A = ( 267 N ) i + ( 450 N ) k
ΣM x = 0: M Ax + ( 800 N )( 0.27 m ) − ( 333.33 N )( 0.6 ) ( 0.27 m ) − ( 750 N )( 0.8 ) ( 0.18 m ) = 0
∴ M Ax = −54.001 N ⋅ m
ΣM z = 0: M Az − ( 800 N )( 0.16 m ) + ( 333.33 N )( 0.6 ) ( 0.16 m ) + ( 750 N )( 0.8 ) ( 0.16 m ) = 0
∴ M Az = 0
or M A = − ( 54.0 N ⋅ m ) i
PROBLEM 4.130
The lever AB is welded to the bent rod BCD which is supported by
bearing E and by cable DG. Assuming that the bearing can exert an axial
thrust and couples about axes parallel to the x and z axes, determine
(a) the tension in cable DG, (b) the reaction at E.
SOLUTION
− ( 0.12 m ) j − ( 0.225 m ) k
First note TDG = λ DGTDG = TDG
( 0.12 ) + ( 0.225) m
2 2
TDG
= ( −0.12 j − 0.225k )
0.255
(a) From f.b.d. of weldment
0.225
ΣM y = 0: TDG ( 0.16 m ) − ( 220 N )( 0.24 m ) = 0
0.255
∴ TDG = 374.00 N or TDG = 374 N
(b) From f.b.d. of weldment
ΣFx = 0: Ex − 220 N = 0
∴ Ex = 220.00 N
0.12
ΣFy = 0: E y − ( 374.00 N ) =0
0.255
∴ E y = 176.000 N
PROBLEM 4.130 CONTINUED
0.225
ΣFz = 0: Ez − ( 374.00 N ) =0
0.255
∴ Ez = 330.00 N
ΣM x = 0: M Ex + ( 330.00 N )( 0.19 m ) = 0
∴ M Ex = −62.700 N ⋅ m
0.12
ΣM z = 0: ( 220 N )( 0.06 m ) + M Ez − ( 374.00 N ) ( 0.16 m ) = 0
0.255
∴ M Ez = −14.9600 N ⋅ m
or M E = − ( 62.7 N ⋅ m ) i − (14.96 N ⋅ m ) k
PROBLEM 4.131
Solve Problem 4.124 assuming that the hinge at A is removed and that the
hinge at B can exert couples about the y and z axes.
P4.124 A small door weighing 16 lb is attached by hinges A and B to a
wall and is held in the horizontal position shown by rope EFH. The rope
passes around a small, frictionless pulley at F and is tied to a fixed cleat
at H. Assuming that the hinge at A does not exert any axial thrust,
determine (a) the tension in the rope, (b) the reactions at A and B.
SOLUTION
From f.b.d. of door
(a) ΣM B = 0: rG/B × W + rE/B × TEF + M B = 0
where
W = − (16 lb ) j
M B = M By j + M Bz k
TEF = λ EFTEF =
(12 in.) i + ( 54 in.) j − ( 28 in.) k T
EF
(12 )2 + ( 54 )2 + ( 28)2 in.
TEF
= ( 6i + 27 j − 14k )
31
rG/B = − (15 in.) i + (14 in.) k
i j k i j k
∴
T
−15 0 14 (16 lb ) + −4 0 28 EF + M By j + M Bz k = 0
31
( )
0 −1 0 6 27 −14
∴ TEF = 9.1852 lb
or TEF = 9.19 lb W
∴ M By = −33.185 lb ⋅ in.
PROBLEM 4.131 CONTINUED
∴ M Bz = −208.00 lb ⋅ in.
6
ΣFx = 0: Bx + ( 9.1852 lb ) = 0
31
∴ Bx = −1.77778 lb
27
ΣFy = 0: By − 16 lb + ( 9.1852 lb ) = 0
31
∴ By = 8.0000 lb
14
ΣFz = 0: Bz − ( 9.1852 lb ) = 0
31
∴ Bz = 4.1482 lb
SOLUTION
First note
− ( 0.65 m ) i + ( 0.2 m ) j − ( 0.44 m ) k
TDI = λ DI TDI = TDI
( 0.65)2 + ( 0.2 )2 + ( 0.44 )2 m
TDI
= ( −0.65i + 0.2 j − 0.44k )
0.81
− ( 0.45 m ) i + ( 0.24 m ) j
TEH = λ EH TEH = TEH
( 0.45)2 + ( 0.24 )2 m
TEH
= ( −0.45i ) + ( 0.24 j)
0.51
− ( 0.45 m ) i + ( 0.2 m ) j + ( 0.36 m ) k
TFG = λ FGTFG = TFG
( 0.45 ) 2
+ ( 0.2 ) + ( 0.36 ) m
2 2
TFG
= ( −0.45i + 0.2 j + 0.36k )
0.61
From f.b.d. of frame
ΣM A = 0: rD/ A × TDI + rC/ A × ( −280 N ) j + rH / A × TEH + rF / A × TFG + rF / A × ( −360 N ) j = 0
i j k i j k i j k i j k
TDI TEH TFG
or 0.65 0.2 0 + 0.65 0 0 ( 280 N ) + 0 0.32 0 + 0.45 0 0.06
0.81 0.51 0.61
−0.65 0.2 −0.44 0 −1 0 −0.45 0.24 0 −0.45 0.2 0.36
i j k
+ 0.45 0 0.06 ( 360 N ) = 0
0 −1 0
TDI T
or ( −0.088i + 0.286 j + 0.26k ) + ( −0.65k ) 280 N + ( 0.144k ) EH
0.81 0.51
TFG
+ ( −0.012i − 0.189 j + 0.09k ) + ( 0.06i − 0.45k )( 360 N ) = 0
0.61
PROBLEM 4.132 CONTINUED
T T
From i-coefficient −0.088 DI − 0.012 FG + 0.06 ( 360 N ) = 0
0.81 0.61
∴ 0.108642TDI + 0.0196721TFG = 21.6 (1)
T T
From j-coefficient 0.286 DI − 0.189 FG = 0
0.81 0.61
∴ TFG = 1.13959TDI (2)
From k-coefficient
T T T
0.26 DI − 0.65 ( 280 N ) + 0.144 EH + 0.09 FG
0.81 0.51 0.61
− 0.45 ( 360 N ) = 0
∴ TDI = 164.810 N
or TDI = 164.8 N W
Then from Equation (2)
TFG = 1.13959 (164.810 N ) = 187.816 N
or TFG = 187.8 N W
And from Equation (3)
0.32099 (164.810 N ) + 0.28235TEH + 0.147541(187.816 N ) = 344 N
∴ TEH = 932.84 N
or TEH = 933 N W
The vector forms of the cable forces are:
164.810 N
TDI = ( −0.65i + 0.2 j − 0.44k )
0.81
= − (132.25 N ) i + ( 40.694 N ) j − ( 89.526 N ) k
932.84 N
TEH = ( −0.45i + 0.24 j) = − (823.09 N ) i + ( 438.98 N ) j
0.51
187.816 N
TFG = ( −0.45i + 0.2 j + 0.36k )
0.61
= − (138.553 N ) i + ( 61.579 N ) j + (110.842 N ) k
PROBLEM 4.132 CONTINUED
∴ Ax = 1093.89 N
∴ Ay = 98.747 N
∴ Az = −21.316 N
SOLUTION
First note
− ( 0.65 m ) i + ( 0.2 m ) j − ( 0.44 m ) k
TDI = λ DI TDI = TDI
( 0.65)2 + ( 0.2 )2 + ( 0.44 )2 m
TDI
= ( −65i + 20 j − 44k )
81
− ( 0.45 m ) i + ( 0.24 m ) j
TEH = λ EH TEH = TEH
( 0.45)2 + ( 0.24 )2 m
TEH
= ( −15i + 8j)
17
− ( 0.45 m ) i + ( 0.2 m ) j + ( 0.36 m ) k
TFG = λ FGTFG = TFG
( 0.45 ) + ( 0.2 ) + ( 0.36 ) m
2 2 2
TFG
= ( −45i + 20 j + 36k )
61
From f.b.d. of frame
i j k i j k i j k
TDI T
or 0.65 0.2 0 + 0.65 0 0 + 0 0.32 0 EH
81 17
−65 20 −44 0 −280 50 −15 8 0
i j k i j k
TFG
+ 0.45 0 0.06 + 0.45 0 0.06 ( 360 N ) = 0
61
−45 20 36 0 −1 0
T
+ ( −1.2i − 18.9 j + 9.0k ) FG + ( 0.06i − 0.45k ) ( 360 ) = 0
61
PROBLEM 4.133 CONTINUED
T T
From i-coefficient −8.8 DI − 1.2 FG + 0.06 ( 360 ) = 0
81 61
∴ 0.108642TDI + 0.0196721TFG = 21.6 (1)
T T
From j-coefficient 28.6 DI − 32.5 − 18.9 FG = 0
81 61
∴ 0.35309TDI − 0.30984TFG = 32.5 (2)
From k-coefficient
T T T
26 DI − 182 + 4.8 EH + 9.0 FG − 0.45 ( 360 ) = 0
81 17 61
∴ 0.32099TDI + 0.28235TEH + 0.147541TFG = 344 (3)
−0.37378TFG = −37.701
∴ TFG = 100.864 N
or TFG = 100.9 N W
Then from Equation (1)
0.108642TDI + 0.0196721(100.864 ) = 21.6
∴ TDI = 180.554 N
or TDI = 180.6 N W
and from Equation (3)
0.32099 (180.554 ) + 0.28235TEH + 0.147541(100.864 ) = 344
∴ TEH = 960.38 N
or TEH = 960 N W
The vector forms of the cable forces are:
180.554 N
TDI = ( −65i + 20 j − 44k )
81
= − (144.889 N ) i + ( 44.581 N ) j − ( 98.079 N ) k
960.38 N
TEH = ( −15i + 8j) = − (847.39 N ) i + ( 451.94 N ) j
17
100.864 N
TFG = ( −45i + 20 j + 36k )
61
= − ( 74.409 N ) i + ( 33.070 N ) j + ( 59.527 N ) k
PROBLEM 4.133 CONTINUED
∴ Ax = 1066.69 N
∴ Ay = 110.409 N
∴ Az = −11.448 N
SOLUTION
First note
− (18 in.) i + (13.5 in.) k
TBG = λ BGTBG = TBG
(18) 2
+ (13.5 ) in.
2
Since λ FJ = λ DH ,
ΣM A( z -axis ) = 0: ( 0.8TFJ ) (18 in.) + ( 0.8TDH )(18 in.) − (120 lb )(18 in.) − (120 lb )(18 in.) = 0
∴ − 3.2TFJ − 3.2TDH = −960 (2)
ΣM A( y -axis ) = 0: ( 0.6TFJ ) ( 48 in.) + 0.6 ( 300 lb ) ( 24 in.) − ( 0.6TBG ) (18 in.) = 0
∴ TBG = 400 lb W
PROBLEM 4.134 CONTINUED
∴ Ax = 500 lb
∴ Ay = 0
ΣFz = 0: 0.6TBG + Az = 0
0.6 ( 400 lb ) + Az = 0
∴ Az = −240 lb
SOLUTION
First
− (18 in.) i + (13.5 in.) k
TBG = λ BGTBG = TBG
(18) 2
+ (13.5 ) in.
2
Since λ FJ = λ DH
ΣM A( z -axis ) = 0: ( 0.8TFJ ) (18 in.) + ( 0.8TDH )(18 in.) − (120 lb )(18 in.) = 0
∴ − 3.2TFJ − 3.2TDH = −480 (2)
∴ Ax = 330 lb
∴ Ay = 0
ΣFz = 0: 0.6TBG + Az = 0
0.6 ( 300 lb ) + Az = 0
∴ Az = −180 lb
SOLUTION
From f.b.d. of pipe assembly ABCD
ΣFx = 0: Bx = 0
ΣM D( x-axis ) = 0: ( 60 N )( 2.5 m ) − Bz ( 2 m ) = 0
∴ Bz = 75.0 N
and B = ( 75.0 N ) k
ΣM D( z -axis ) = 0: C y ( 3 m ) − 108 N ⋅ m = 0
∴ C y = 36.0 N
ΣM D( y -axis ) = 0: − Cz ( 3 m ) − ( 75 N )( 4 m ) + ( 60 N )( 4 m ) = 0
∴ C z = −20.0 N
ΣFy = 0: Dy + 36.0 = 0
∴ D y = −36.0 N
∴ Dz = 5.00 N
SOLUTION
From f.b.d. of pipe assembly ABCD
ΣFx = 0: Bx = 0
ΣM D( x-axis ) = 0: ( 60 N )( 2.5 m ) − Bz ( 2 m ) = 0
∴ Bz = 75.0 N
and B = ( 75.0 N ) k
ΣM D( z -axis ) = 0: C y ( 3 m ) − Bx ( 2 m ) = 0
∴ Cy = 0
ΣM D( y -axis ) = 0: Cz ( 3 m ) − ( 75.0 N )( 4 m ) + ( 60 N )( 4 m ) = 0
∴ C z = −20 N
and C = − ( 20.0 N ) k
ΣFy = 0: Dy + C y = 0
∴ Dy = 0
ΣFz = 0: Dz + Bz + C z − F = 0
Dz + 75 N − 20 N − 60 N = 0
∴ Dz = 5.00 N
and D = ( 5.00 N ) k
PROBLEM 4.138
Three rods are welded together to form a “corner” which is supported by
three eyebolts. Neglecting friction, determine the reactions at A, B, and C
when P = 240 N, a = 120 mm, b = 80 mm, and c = 100 mm.
SOLUTION
From f.b.d. of weldment
ΣM O = 0: rA/O × A + rB/O × B + rC/O × C = 0
i j k i j k i j k
120 0 0 + 0 80 0 + 0 0 100 = 0
0 Ay Az Bx 0 Bz Cx Cy 0
or Bz = 1.25C y (1)
or Cx = 1.2 Az (2)
or Bx = 1.5 Ay (3)
ΣF = 0: A + B + C − P = 0
or ( Bx + Cx ) i + ( Ay + C y − 240 N ) j + ( Az + Bz ) k = 0
From i-coefficient Bx + Cx = 0
or Cx = − Bx (4)
j-coefficient Ay + C y − 240 N = 0
or Ay + C y = 240 N (5)
k-coefficient Az + Bz = 0
or Az = − Bz (6)
PROBLEM 4.138 CONTINUED
− Bz = 1.2 Az (7)
Using Equations (1), (6), and (7)
Bz − Az 1 Bx Bx
Cy = = = = (8)
1.25 1.25 1.25 1.2 1.5
From Equations (3) and (8)
1.5 Ay
Cy = or C y = Ay
1.5
and substituting into Equation (5)
2 Ay = 240 N
∴ Ay = C y = 120 N (9)
B = (180.0 N ) i + (150.0 N ) k
C = − (180.0 N ) i + (120.0 N ) j
PROBLEM 4.139
Solve Problem 4.138 assuming that the force P is removed and is
replaced by a couple M = + ( 6 N ⋅ m ) j acting at B.
P4.138 Three rods are welded together to form a “corner” which is
supported by three eyebolts. Neglecting friction, determine the reactions
at A, B, and C when P = 240 N, a = 120 mm, b = 80 mm, and
c = 100 mm.
SOLUTION
From f.b.d. of weldment
ΣM O = 0: rA/O × A + rB/O × B + rC/O × C + M = 0
i j k i j k i j k
0.12 0 0 + 0 0.08 0 + 0 0 0.1 + ( 6 N ⋅ m ) j = 0
0 Ay Az Bx 0 Bz Cx Cy 0
or C y = 0.8Bz (1)
or Cx = 1.2 Az − 60 (2)
or Bx = 1.5 Ay (3)
ΣF = 0: A + B + C = 0
( Bx + Cx ) i + ( Ay + C y ) j + ( Az + Bz ) k = 0
j-coefficient C y = − Ay (5)
k-coefficient Az = − Bz (6)
B
Az = 50 − x (7)
1.2
PROBLEM 4.139 CONTINUED
∴ Ay = 20.0 N
B = ( 30.0 N ) i − ( 25.0 N ) k
C = − ( 30.0 N ) i − ( 20.0 N ) j
PROBLEM 4.140
The uniform 10-lb rod AB is supported by a ball-and-socket joint at A and
leans against both the rod CD and the vertical wall. Neglecting the effects
of friction, determine (a) the force which rod CD exerts on AB, (b) the
reactions at A and B. (Hint: The force exerted by CD on AB must be
perpendicular to both rods.)
SOLUTION
(a) The force acting at E on the f.b.d. of rod AB is perpendicular to AB
and CD. Letting λ E = direction cosines for force E,
rB/ A × k
λE =
rB/ A × k
= 0.6i + 0.8 j
Also, W = − (10 lb ) j
B = Bk
E = E ( 0.6i + 0.8 j)
i j k i j k i j k
∴ −16 12 −20 (10 lb ) + −24 18 −30 E + −32 24 −40 B = 0
0 −1 0 0.6 0.8 0 0 0 1
or E = ( 3.20 lb ) i + ( 4.27 lb ) j
∴ B = 3.00 lb
or B = ( 3.00 lb ) k
PROBLEM 4.140 CONTINUED
∴ Ax = −3.20 lb
j-coefficient Ay − 10 lb + 4.27 lb = 0
∴ Ay = 5.73 lb
k-coefficient Az + 3.00 lb = 0
∴ Az = −3.00 lb
SOLUTION
First note
W = − ( 6.4 lb ) j
N B = N B ( 0.8j + 0.6k )
LAB = 21 in.
∴ xB = 13 in.
TBC = λ BCTBC =
(13 in.) i + (16 in.) j − ( 4 in.) k T
BC
21 in.
TBC
= (13i + 16 j − 4k )
21
From f.b.d. of rod AB
ΣM A = 0: rG/ A × W + rB/ A × N B + rC/ A × TBC = 0
i j k i j k i j k
26TBC
6.5 −8 2 + 13 −16 4 N B + 1 0 0 =0
21
0 −6.4 0 0 0.8 0.6 13 16 −4
26TBC
(12.8i − 41.6k ) + ( −12.8i − 7.8j + 10.4k ) N B + ( 4 j + 16k ) =0
21
PROBLEM 4.141 CONTINUED
or N B = ( 0.800 lb ) j + ( 0.600 lb ) k
26
From j-coeff. −7.8 N B + 4 TBC = 0 ∴ TBC = 1.575 lb
21
From f.b.d. of rod AB
ΣF = 0: A + W + N B + TBC = 0
j-coefficient Ay = 4.40 lb
k-coefficient Az = −0.3 lb
N B = ( 0.800 lb ) j + ( 0.600 lb ) k
PROBLEM 4.142
While being installed, the 56-lb chute ABCD is attached to a wall with
brackets E and F and is braced with props GH and IJ. Assuming that the
weight of the chute is uniformly distributed, determine the magnitude of
the force exerted on the chute by prop GH if prop IJ is removed.
SOLUTION
First note
42 in.
θ = tan −1 = 16.2602°
144 in.
rG/ A = ( 48 in.) i − ( 78 in. − 64 in.) j + (18 in.) k = ( 48 in.) i − (14 in.) j + (18 in.) k
W = − ( 56 lb ) j
PHG = λ HG PHG
PHG
= ( −i + 32 j − 8k )
33
PROBLEM 4.142 CONTINUED
ΣM BA = 0: λ BA ⋅ ( rK / A × W ) + λ BA ⋅ ( rG/ A × PHG ) = 0
−24 7 0 −24 7 0
56 P
72 −21 9 + 48 −14 18 HG = 0
25 ( )
33 25
0 −1 0 −1 32 −8
−216 ( 56 )
+ [ −24 ( −14 ) ( −8 ) − ( −24 ) (18 )( 32 ) + 7 (18 ) ( −1) − ( 7 )( 48 )( −8 )] HG = 0
P
25 33 ( 25 )
∴ PHG = 29.141 lb
or PHG = 29.1 lb
PROBLEM 4.143
While being installed, the 56-lb chute ABCD is attached to a wall with
brackets E and F and is braced with props GH and IJ. Assuming that the
weight of the chute is uniformly distributed, determine the magnitude of
the force exerted on the chute by prop IJ if prop GH is removed.
SOLUTION
First note
42 in.
θ = tan −1 = 16.2602°
144 in.
W = − ( 56 lb ) j
PJI = λ JI PJI
PJI
= ( −i + 50 j − 10k )
51
PROBLEM 4.143 CONTINUED
ΣM BA = 0: λ BA ⋅ ( rK / A × W ) + λ BA ⋅ ( rI / A × PJI ) = 0
−24 7 0 −24 7 0
56 P
72 −21 9 + 96 −28 18 JI = 0
25 51( 25 )
0 −1 0 −1 50 −10
−216 ( 56 )
+ [ −24 ( −28 )( −10 ) − ( −24 ) (18 )( 50 ) + 7 (18 ) ( −1) − ( 7 )( 96 )( −10 )] JI = 0
P
25 51( 25 )
∴ PJI = 28.728 lb
or PJI = 28.7 lb
PROBLEM 4.144
To water seedlings, a gardener joins three lengths of pipe, AB, BC,
and CD, fitted with spray nozzles and suspends the assembly using
hinged supports at A and D and cable EF. Knowing that the pipe
weighs 0.85 lb/ft, determine the tension in the cable.
SOLUTION
First note rG/ A = (1.5 ft ) i
rF / A = ( 2 ft ) i
− ( 2 ft ) i + ( 3 ft ) j − ( 4.5 ft ) k
T = λ FET = T
( 2 )2 + ( 3)2 + ( 4.5)2 ft
T
= ( −2i + 3j − 4.5k )
33.25
rB/ A = ( 3 ft ) i
rH / A = ( 3 ft ) i − ( 2.25 ft ) k
( 3 ft ) i − (1 ft ) j − ( 4.5 ft ) k 1
λ AD = = ( 3i − j − 4.5k )
( 3)2 + (1)2 + ( 4.5)2 ft 5.5
PROBLEM 4.144 CONTINUED
ΣM AD = 0: λ AD ⋅ ( rG/ A × WAB ) + λ AD ⋅ ( rF / A × T )
3 −1 −4.5 3 −1 −4.5
1 T
∴ 1.5 0 0 + 2 0 0
5.5 5.5 33.25
0 −2.55 0 −2 3 −4.5
3 −1 −4.5 3 −1 −4.5
1 1
+ 3 0 0 + 3 0 − 2.25 =0
5.5 5.5
0 −0.85 0 0 −3.825 0
T
(17.2125) + ( −36 ) + (11.475 ) + ( 25.819 ) = 0
33.25
∴ T = 8.7306 lb
or T = 8.73 lb
PROBLEM 4.145
Solve Problem 4.144 assuming that cable EF is replaced by a cable
connecting E and C.
P4.144 To water seedlings, a gardener joins three lengths of pipe, AB,
BC, and CD, fitted with spray nozzles and suspends the assembly using
hinged supports at A and D and cable EF. Knowing that the pipe weighs
0.85 lb/ft, determine the tension in the cable.
SOLUTION
First note rG/ A = (1.5 ft ) i
rC/ A = ( 3 ft ) i − (1 ft ) j
− ( 3 ft ) i + ( 4 ft ) j − ( 4.5 ft ) k
T = λ CET = T
( 3)2 + ( 4 )2 + ( 4.5)2 ft
T
= ( −3i + 4 j − 4.5k )
45.25
rB/ A = ( 3 ft ) i
rH / A = ( 3 ft ) i − ( 2.25 ft ) k
( 3 ft ) i − (1 ft ) j − ( 4.5 ft ) k 1
λ AD = = ( 3i − j − 4.5k )
( 3)2 + (1)2 + ( 4.5)2 ft 5.5
PROBLEM 4.145 CONTINUED
3 −1 −4.5 3 −1 −4.5
1 T
∴ 1.5 0 0 + 3 −1 0
5.5 5.5 45.25
0 −2.55 0 −3 4 −4.5
3 −1 −4.5 3 −1 −4.5
1 1
+3 0 0 + 3 0 −2.25 =0
5.5 5.5
0 −0.85 0 0 −3.825 0
T
(17.2125) + ( −40.5) + (11.475 ) + ( 25.819 ) = 0
45.25
∴ T = 9.0536 lb
or T = 9.05 lb
PROBLEM 4.146
The bent rod ABDE is supported by ball-and-socket joints at A and E and
by the cable DF. If a 600-N load is applied at C as shown, determine the
tension in the cable.
SOLUTION
First note
− ( 70 mm ) i + ( 240 mm ) k 1
λ AE = = ( −7i + 24k )
( 70 ) 2
+ ( 240 ) mm
2 25
rC/ A = ( 90 mm ) i + (100 mm ) k
FC = − ( 600 N ) j
rD/ A = ( 90 mm ) i + ( 240 mm ) k
− (160 mm ) i + (110 mm ) j − ( 80 mm ) k
T = λ DFT = T
(160 )2 + (110 )2 + (80 )2 mm
T
= ( −16 i + 11j − 8k )
21
From the f.b.d. of the bend rod
( ) (
ΣM AE = 0: λ AE ⋅ rC/ A × FC + λ AE ⋅ rD/ A × T = 0 )
−7 0 24 −7 0 24
600 T
∴ 90 0 100 + 90 0 240 =0
25 25 ( 21)
0 −1 0 −16 11 −8
( −700 − 2160 )
600 T
+ (18 480 + 23 760 ) =0
25 25 ( 21)
∴ T = 853.13 N
or T = 853 N
PROBLEM 4.147
Solve Problem 4.146 assuming that cable DF is replaced by a cable
connecting B and F.
P4.146 The bent rod ABDE is supported by ball-and-socket joints at A
and E and by the cable DF. If a 600-N load is applied at C as shown,
determine the tension in the cable.
SOLUTION
First note
− ( 70 mm ) i + ( 240 mm ) k 1
λ AE = = ( −7i + 24k )
( 70 ) 2
+ ( 240 ) mm
2 25
rC/ A = ( 90 mm ) i + (100 mm ) k
FC = − ( 600 N ) j
rB/ A = ( 90 mm ) i
1
= ( −160 i + 110 j + 160k )
251.59
( ) (
ΣM AE = 0: λ AE ⋅ rC/ A × FC + λ AE ⋅ rB/ A × T = 0 )
−7 0 24 −7 0 24
600 T
∴ 90 0 100 + 90 0 0 =0
25 25 ( 251.59 )
0 −1 0 −160 110 160
( −700 − 2160 )
600 T
+ ( 237 600 ) =0
25 (
25 251.59 )
∴ T = 1817.04 N
or T = 1817 N
PROBLEM 4.148
Two rectangular plates are welded together to form the assembly shown.
The assembly is supported by ball-and-socket joints at B and D and by a
ball on a horizontal surface at C. For the loading shown, determine the
reaction at C.
SOLUTION
− ( 80 mm ) i − ( 90 mm ) j + (120 mm ) k
First note λ BD =
(80 )2 + ( 90 )2 + (120 )2 mm
1
= ( −8i − 9 j + 12k )
17
rA/B = − ( 60 mm ) i
P = ( 200 N ) k
rC/D = ( 80 mm ) i
C = (C ) j
From the f.b.d. of the plates
( ) (
ΣM BD = 0: λ BD ⋅ rA/B × P + λ BD ⋅ rC/D × C = 0 )
−8 −9 12 −8 −9 12
60 ( 200 ) C ( 80 )
∴ −1 0 0 + 1 0 0 =0
17 17
0 0 1 0 1 0
SOLUTION
Let (
W1 = W2 = − ( mg ) j = − (15 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 j )
= − (147.15 N ) j
( ) ( )
ΣM AF = 0: λ AF ⋅ rG/ A × W1 + λ AF ⋅ rB/ A × T + λ AF ⋅ rT / A × W2 = 0( )
( 2 m ) i − (1 m ) j − ( 2 m ) k 1
where λ AF = = ( 2i − j − 2k )
( 2 )2 + (1)2 + ( 2 )2 m 3
rG/ A = (1 m ) i
rB/ A = ( 2 m ) i
rI / A = ( 2 m ) i − (1 m ) k
PROBLEM 4.149 CONTINUED
( x − 2) i + ( y ) j − ( 2) k
λ BH =
( x − 2 ) 2 + y 2 + ( 2 )2
( x − 2) i + ( y ) j − ( 2) k
T = λ BH T =
( x − 2 ) 2 + y 2 + ( 2 )2
2 −1 −2 2 −1 −2 2 −1 −2
147.15 T 147.15
∴ 1 0 0 + 2 0 0 + 2 0 −1 3 = 0
3
x − 2 y −2 3 ( x − 2 ) + y + ( 2 )
2 2 2
0 −1 0 0 −1 0
2 (147.15 ) T 147.15
+ ( −4 − 4 y ) + ( −2 + 4 ) =0
3 3 ( x − 2) + y 2 + ( 2) 3
2 2
147.15
or T = ( x − 2 ) 2 + y 2 + ( 2 )2
1+ y
( y + 4) 2
1
147.15 2
For x − 2 m, T = Tmin ∴ Tmin =
(1 + y )
(1 + y ) ( y 2 + 4 ) 2 ( 2 y ) − ( y 2 + 4 ) 2 (1)
1 −1 1
dT 2
The y-value for Tmin is found from dy = 0: =0
(1 + y )2
Setting the numerator equal to zero, (1 + y ) y = y2 + 4
y = 4m
147.15 (
2 − 2 ) + ( 4 ) + ( 2 ) = 131.615 N
2 2 2
Then T min =
(1 + 4 )
∴ (a) x = 2.00 m, y = 4.00 m
SOLUTION
Let ( )
W1 = W2 = − ( mg ) j = − (15 kg ) 9.81 m/s 2 j = − (147.15 N ) j
( ) ( )
ΣM AF = 0: λ AF ⋅ rG/ A × W1 + λ AF ⋅ rB/ A × T + λ AF ⋅ rI / A × W2 = 0 ( )
( 2 m ) i − (1 m ) j − ( 2 m ) k 1
where λ AF = = ( 2i − j − 2k )
( 2 )2 + (1)2 + ( 2 )2 m 3
rG/ A = (1 m ) i
rB/ A = ( 2 m ) i
rI / A = ( 2 m ) i − (1 m ) k
− (2 m) i + ( y) j − (2 m) k
T = λ BH T = T
( 2 )2 + ( y )2 + ( 2 )2 m
T
= ( −2i + yj − 2k )
8 + y2
PROBLEM 4.150 CONTINUED
2 −1 −2 2 −1 −2 2 −1 −2
147.15 T 147.15
∴ 1 0 0 + 2 0 0 + 2 0 −1 3 = 0
3
−2 y −2 3 8 + y
2
0 −1 0 0 −1 0
( )
2 (147.15 ) + ( −4 − 4 y ) T 8 + y 2 + ( 2 )147.15 = 0
∴ T =
(147.15) 8 + y2
(1 + y )
(1 + y ) 12 (8 + ) ( 2 y ) − (8 + )
− 12 1
dT y2 y2 2
(1)
For Tmin , =0 ∴ =0
dy (1 + y )2
Setting the numerator equal to zero,
(1 + y ) y = 8 + y2
∴ y = 8.00 m
(147.15) 8 + (8)2
and Tmin = = 138.734 N
(1 + 8)
∴ (a) x = 0, y = 8.00 m
SOLUTION
(a) Since rD/ A is perpendicular to rB/ A ,
rD/ A ⋅ rB/ A = 0
or z = 25 in.
30 = ( 4 )2 + ( y )2 + ( 25 − 28)2
900 = 16 + y 2 + 9
N D = N Di
PROBLEM 4.151 CONTINUED
1 1
rG/B = rD/B = − (16 in.) i + ( 29.580 in.) j + ( 25 in. − 12 in.) k
2 2
W = − ( 85 lb ) j
3 0 −4 3 0 −4
ND 85
∴ −4 29.580 −3 + −16 29.580 13 =0
5 2 ( 5 )
1 0 0 0 −1 0
118.32 N D + ( 39 − 64 ) 42.5 = 0
∴ N D = 8.9799 lb
or N D = ( 8.98 lb ) i
PROBLEM 4.152
Beam AD carries the two 40-lb loads shown. The beam is held by a fixed
support at D and by the cable BE which is attached to the counter-weight
W. Determine the reaction at D when (a) W = 100 lb, (b) W = 90 lb.
SOLUTION
(a) W = 100 lb
From f.b.d. of beam AD
ΣFx = 0: Dx = 0
ΣFy = 0: Dy − 40 lb − 40 lb + 100 lb = 0
∴ Dy = −20.0 lb
or D = 20.0 lb
ΣM D = 0: M D − (100 lb )( 5 ft ) + ( 40 lb )( 8 ft )
+ ( 40 lb )( 4 ft ) = 0
∴ M D = 20.0 lb ⋅ ft
or M D = 20.0 lb ⋅ ft
(b) W = 90 lb
From f.b.d. of beam AD
ΣFx = 0: Dx = 0
ΣFy = 0: Dy + 90 lb − 40 lb − 40 lb = 0
∴ Dy = −10.00 lb
or D = 10.00 lb
ΣM D = 0: M D − ( 90 lb )( 5 ft ) + ( 40 lb )( 8 ft )
+ ( 40 lb )( 4 ft ) = 0
∴ M D = −30.0 lb ⋅ ft
or M D = 30.0 lb ⋅ ft
PROBLEM 4.153
For the beam and loading shown, determine the range of values of W for
which the magnitude of the couple at D does not exceed 40 lb ⋅ ft.
SOLUTION
For Wmin , M D = −40 lb ⋅ ft
From f.b.d. of beam AD
ΣM D = 0: ( 40 lb )(8 ft ) − Wmin ( 5 ft ) + ( 40 lb )( 4 ft ) − 40 lb ⋅ ft =0
∴ Wmin = 88.0 lb
For Wmax , M D = 40 lb ⋅ ft
From f.b.d. of beam AD
ΣM D = 0: ( 40 lb )(8 ft ) − Wmax ( 5 ft ) + ( 40 lb )( 4 ft ) + 40 lb ⋅ ft =0
∴ Wmax = 104.0 lb
or 88.0 lb ≤ W ≤ 104.0 lb
PROBLEM 4.154
Determine the reactions at A and D when β = 30°.
SOLUTION
From f.b.d. of frame ABCD
∴ A = 243.74 N
or A = 244 N
∴ Dx = −318.74 N
∴ Dy = 129.904 N
Dy −1 129.904
and θ = tan −1 = tan = −22.174°
x
D −318.74
or D = 344 N 22.2°
PROBLEM 4.155
Determine the reactions at A and D when β = 60°.
SOLUTION
From f.b.d. of frame ABCD
∴ A = 188.835 N
or A = 188.8 N
∴ Dx = −318.74 N
∴ Dy = 75.0 N
( Dx )2 + ( Dy ) ( 318.74 )2 + ( 75.0 )2
2
Then D= = = 327.44 N
Dy −1 75.0
and θ = tan −1 = tan = −13.2409°
Dx −318.74
or D = 327 N 13.24°
PROBLEM 4.156
A 2100-lb tractor is used to lift 900 lb of gravel. Determine the reaction at
each of the two (a) rear wheels A, (b) front wheels B.
SOLUTION
SOLUTION
ΣFx = 0: C x + ( 5 lb ) = 0
∴ Cx = −5 lb
ΣFy = 0: C y − ( 5 lb ) = 0
∴ C y = 5 lb
( Cx )2 + ( C y ) ( 5 )2 + ( 5 )2
2
Then C = = = 7.0711 lb
+5
and θ = tan −1 = −45°
−5
or C = 7.07 lb 45.0°
SOLUTION
From f.b.d of system
ΣFx = 0: C x + ( 5 lb ) = 0
∴ Cx = −5 lb
ΣFy = 0: C y − ( 5 lb ) = 0
∴ C y = 5 lb
( C x )2 + ( C y ) ( 5 )2 + ( 5 )2
2
Then C = = = 7.0711 lb
5
and θ = tan −1 = −45.0°
−5
or C = 7.07 lb 45.0°
∴ M C = −45.0 lb ⋅ in.
or M C = 45.0 lb ⋅ in.
PROBLEM 4.159
The bent rod ABEF is supported by bearings at C and D and by wire AH.
Knowing that portion AB of the rod is 250 mm long, determine (a) the
tension in wire AH, (b) the reactions at C and D. Assume that the bearing
at D does not exert any axial thrust.
SOLUTION
(a) From f.b.d. of bent rod
( )
ΣM CD = 0: λ CD ⋅ rH /B × T + λ CD ⋅ rF /E × F = 0 ( )
where λ CD = i
rH /B = ( 0.25 m ) j
T = λ AH T
=
( y AH ) j − ( z AH ) k T
( y AH )2 + ( z AH )2
y AH = ( 0.25 m ) − ( 0.25 m ) sin 30°
= 0.125 m
= 0.21651 m
T
∴T= ( 0.125j − 0.21651k )
0.25
rF /E = ( 0.25 m ) k
F = −400 N j
1 0 0 1 0 0
T
∴ 0 1 0 ( )
0.25 0 0 1 ( 0.25 )( 400 N ) = 0
+
0.25
0 0.125 −0.21651 0 −1 0
∴ T = 461.88 N
or T = 462 N
PROBLEM 4.159 CONTINUED
− ( 400 N )( 0.05 m ) = 0
∴ C y = −336.10 N
∴ Cz = 466.67 N
or C = − ( 336 N ) j + ( 467 N ) k
∴ Dy = 505.16 N
∴ Dz = −66.670 N
or D = ( 505 N ) j − ( 66.7 N ) k
PROBLEM 4.160
For the beam and loading shown, determine (a) the reaction at A, (b) the
tension in cable BC.
SOLUTION
(a) From f.b.d of beam
ΣFx = 0: Ax = 0
∴ Ay = 245 lb
or A = 245 lb
(b) From f.b.d of beam
ΣM A = 0: (15 lb )( 22 in.) + ( 20 lb )(16 in.) + ( 35 lb )(8 in.)
− (15 lb )( 6 in.) − TB ( 6 in.) = 0
∴ TB = 140.0 lb
or TB = 140.0 lb
Check:
ΣFy = 0: −15 lb − 20 lb − 35 lb − 20 lb
− 15 lb − 140 lb + 245 lb = 0?
245 lb − 245 lb = 0 ok
PROBLEM 4.161
Frame ABCD is supported by a ball-and-socket joint at A and by three
cables. For a = 150 mm, determine the tension in each cable and the
reaction at A.
SOLUTION
− ( 0.48 m ) i + ( 0.14 m ) j
First note TDG = λ DGTDG = TDG
( 0.48)2 + ( 0.14 )2 m
−0.48i + 0.14 j
= TDG
0.50
TDG
= ( 24i + 7 j)
25
− ( 0.48 m ) i + ( 0.2 m ) k
TBE = λ BETBE = TBE
( 0.48)2 + ( 0.2 )2 m
−0.48i + 0.2k
= TBE
0.52
TBE
= ( −12 j + 5k )
13
From f.b.d. of frame ABCD
7
ΣM x = 0: TDG ( 0.3 m ) − ( 350 N )( 0.15 m ) = 0
25
or TDG = 625 N
24 5
ΣM y = 0: × 625 N ( 0.3 m ) − TBE ( 0.48 m ) = 0
25 13
or TBE = 975 N
7
ΣM z = 0: TCF ( 0.14 m ) + × 625 N ( 0.48 m )
25
− ( 350 N )( 0.48 m ) = 0
or TCF = 600 N
PROBLEM 4.161 CONTINUED
12 24
Ax − 600 N − × 975 N − × 625 N = 0
13 25
∴ Ax = 2100 N
7
Ay + × 625 N − 350 N = 0
25
∴ Ay = 175.0 N
ΣFz = 0: Az + (TBE ) z = 0
5
Az + × 975 N = 0
13
∴ Az = −375 N
SOLUTION
− ( 0.48 m ) i + ( 0.14 m ) j
First note TDG = λ DGTDG = TDG
( 0.48)2 + ( 0.14 )2 m
−0.48i + 0.14 j
= TDG
0.50
TDG
= ( 24i + 7 j)
25
− ( 0.48 m ) i + ( 0.2 m ) k
TBE = λ BETBE = TBE
( 0.48)2 + ( 0.2 )2 m
−0.48i + 0.2k
= TBE
0.52
TBE
= ( −12i + 5k )
13
From f.b.d of frame ABCD
7
ΣM x = 0: TDG ( 0.3 m ) − ( 350 N )( 0.3 m ) = 0
25
or TDG = 1250 N
24 5
ΣM y = 0: × 1250 N ( 0.3 m ) − TBE ( 0.48 m ) = 0
25 13
or TBE = 1950 N
7
ΣM z = 0: TCF ( 0.14 m ) + × 1250 N ( 0.48 m )
25
− ( 350 N )( 0.48 m ) = 0
or TCF = 0
PROBLEM 4.162 CONTINUED
12 24
Ax + 0 − × 1950 N − × 1250 N = 0
13 25
∴ Ax = 3000 N
7
Ay + × 1250 N − 350 N = 0
25
∴ Ay = 0
ΣFz = 0: Az + (TBE ) z = 0
5
Az + × 1950 N = 0
13
∴ Az = −750 N
SOLUTION
(a)
(a) ΣM B = 0: ( 300 lb )(16 in.) − T (16 in.) + T ( a ) = 0
or T =
( 300 lb )(16 in.)
(16 − a ) in.
∴ T becomes infinite when
16 − a = 0
or a = 16.00 in.
8
(b) ΣM C = 0: (T − 80 N )( 0.2 m ) − T ( 0.175 m )
(b) 17
15
− T ( 0.4 m − a ) = 0
17
0.2T − 16.0 − 0.82353T − 0.35294T + 0.88235Ta = 0
16.0
or T =
0.88235a − 0.23529
∴ T becomes infinite when
0.88235a − 0.23529 = 0
a = 0.26666 m
or a = 267 mm