Wastewater treatment Unit

processes and characterisation of

European influent

Natascha Schuttinga
 Structure
• unit processes wastewater and sludge
treatment
• characterisation European influent
• platform
• conclusions
• discussion

N.Y.S. Hamburg
 Terms
• Scenario: combination of several unit processes
• Unit process: part of a WWT system in which a
certain technique is applied
• Category: a class unit processes that uses either
biological, chemical, physical or other treatment
techniques
• Technique: physical, chemical, mechanical or
biological manner to convert or remove pollutants

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 Wastewater unit processes

Categories
• Mechanical
• Physical-chemical
• Biological

All divided in pre-, post- and tertiary treatment

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 Sludge unit processes
Categories:

• Natural
• Mechanical
• Physical-chemical

N.Y.S. Hamburg
 Structure
• unit processes wastewater and sludge
treatment
• European influent characterisation
• platform
• conclusions
• discussion

N.Y.S. Hamburg
European Influent Characterisation
• Source:
– enquiry
– articles
– internet
• Response
• Parameters

N.Y.S. Hamburg
 Influent characterisation (1)
Country Year Source No. of Average Average flow
data* WWTP incl. p.e. plant (m3/d)
Austria 1997 & 1998 1 5 --- ---
Belgium 1998 1 152 --- 9,775
Cyprus 1999 1 6 --- 4,350
Czech Rep. 1998- 1999 1 3 >100,000 175,813
Denmark 1998 3 1 116,000 19,700
Finland --- 2 7 --- ---
France 1998 & 1999 1 2 161,000 52,310
Germany 1998 1 6 6,500 900
Greece 1998 1 3 630,000 ---
Italy 1998 1 1 410,000 ---
Netherlands 1997 5 414 59,896 ---
Norway --- 2 12 --- ---
Portugal 1999 1 1 100,000 15,000
Romania 1994-1998 1 4 686,750 108,000
Slovenia 1998 1 3 --- ---
Spain --- 1 1 107,000 ---
Sweden 1998 2 17 --- ---
Turkey 1995 1 3 --- ---
UK 1998 1 5 > 100,000 ---
* with: 1) Enquiry, 2) Articles, 3) Internet, 4) Report, 5) Statistical office of the particular country.

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 Influent characterisation (2)
Physical-(bio)chemical parameters
Country BOD5 BOD CODtot CODfil N-NH4 Nkj Ptot unfil Ptot SS Alk. T pH
(mg ATU (mg O2/l) (mg (mg N/l) (mg N/l) (mg P/l) (mg P/l) (mg/l) (meq/l) (°C)
O 2/l) (mg O2/l) O 2/l)
Austria --- 322 542 --- 13 --- --- 9.0 --- --- 21 ---
Belgium 115 115 367 324 --- 35.2 --- 6.0 168 --- --- ---
Cyprus 470 623 1163 522 58.8 98 4.1 15.5 436 --- 23 7.2
Czech Rep. 289 --- 546 361 17.8 36.8 7.1 2.4 271 4.8 16 7.7
Denmark 311 311 --- --- --- --- 12 --- 290 --- --- -
Finland 266 --- 559 164 --- --- --- --- 378 --- --- ---
France 269 --- 570 --- 41.4 43.7 9.0 --- 214 --- --- 7.5
Germany 319 --- 548 179 18.9 59 8.1 6 208 --- 13 7.6
Greece 360 --- 830 250 --- 63 --- --- 370 --- --- ---
Italy --- 300 440 130 30 46 6.5 --- 218 --- 16 7.7
Netherlands 224 --- 570 --- --- 53.9 --- 8.6 114 --- 16 ---
Norway 113 --- 233 81 --- --- --- --- 143 --- --- ---
Portugal 380 --- 650 --- 30 50 --- 8 300 --- --- 7.1
Romania 117 63 --- 223 10 17 2 --- 260 --- --- 7
Slovenia 415 --- 708 --- 27 51 --- 4.5 312 --- --- 7.7
Spain 371 --- 647 --- 43 63 11 5.2 253 --- --- ---
Sweden 171 180 477 157 23 34 --- --- 243 3.4 15 7.2
Turkey 210 --- 410 --- --- --- 7.2 --- 114 283.3 --- 7.4
UK 139 212 613 --- 39.8 --- --- --- 150 --- --- ---

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 No. of responses pe

0
5
10
15
20
CO
Df
ilt
CO
Dt
ot
BO
BO D5
D
(A
TU
)
N-
NH
4
Nk
j
Pto
tu
nf

N.Y.S.
Pto
t fi
l
SS

Alk
.

Hamburg
Co
nd
.

T
Parameter

pH
DW
F
RW
F
An
ae
r.
Ae
Number of responses per parameter

Se ro.
we
rs
ys
tem
Re
t. T
im
e
European influent characterisation
 Structure
• unit processes wastewater and sludge
treatment
• characterisation European influent
• platform
• conclusions
• discussion

N.Y.S. Hamburg
 Platform
Case study:
• Scenario: Flotation and RO
• Simple mass balances as mathematical
models
• Parameters: CODtot, BOD5, Nkj and SS
• Software tool: Excel

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 Discussion
• Unit processes not strictly for municipal
WWT
• Recommended parameters
• COD fractionation
• Measurements differ per country
• ...

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 Conclusions
• Recommended parameters:
– CODtot, BOD5, Nkj and SS
• Data on energy, costs, sustainability and
footprint needed per unit process
• No suitable platform already exists

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