A brief

guide to
Technical
Terms
 INDEX

LESSONS PAGES

Lesson 1: Hand Tools 3-4

Lesson 2: Materials in a car 5-6

Lesson 3: Types of Cars 7-8

Lesson 4: Exterior Car Parts 9-10

Lesson 5: Interior Car Parts 11-12

Lesson 6: Gauges 13-14

Lesson 7: A Flat Tire 15-16

Lesson 8: Engine Components 17-18

Lesson 9: The Exhaust System 19-20

Lesson 10: Engine Components 21-22

Appendix: Extra Diagrams 23-26

1. The Engine 23

2. The Direction System 24

3. The Power Cylinder 25

4. The Fuse Box 26

References 27-29

Lessons 1-3 27

Lessons 4-7 28

Lessons 8-10 29
 Lesson 1: HAND TOOLS

6
1. Adjustable wrench 10
2 2. Metric combination wrenches
9 3. Long nose pliers
4. Cut pliers
8 5. Slip-joint pliers
1
6. (Flathead / Phillips) Screwdrivers
7. (Metric) Sockets
3 8. Ratchet
7 5 9. Utility knife
4 10. Hammer 11
11. Claw hammer

I. Before you read the passage, talk about this question.

Fix it!
Sometimes things break in your car.
Taking the car to the garage is expensive.
As a car owner, you need tools. Go to the
local hardware store. There you can �ind
tool kits with the basic hand tools. They
usually include a couple of Phillips
screwdrivers, �lathead screwdrivers,
and an adjustable wrench. Some tool
kits also have slip-joint pliers and long-
nose pliers.
Then buy a tape measure, a claw
hammer, and a utility knife separately.
Utility knives have retractable blades, so
they last a long time. Sometimes these
separate items cost less than ten dollars.
VOCABULARY
1. What are some common hand tools mechanics use every day?
READING
II. Read the checklist. Then, choose the correct answers.
3
1. What is the column about?
a. an expensive car repair
b. a recommendation for tools
c. a local hardware store
d. a description of the durability of tools
2. What are NOT included in tool kits?
a. tape measures
b. adjustable wrenches
c. Phillips screwdrivers
d. �lathead screwdrivers
3. According to the columnist, what is true about utility knives?
a. The blades break frequently
b. They are included in tool kits.
c. The blades are not always out.
d. They cost less than hammers.

III. Match the tools (1-4) with their de�initions (A-D)

1. ______ wrench 3. ______ utility knife
2. ______ adjustable 4. ______ hand tool

A. a manual device used in home projects C. a hand tool that tightens and loosens
B. can be adjusted nuts and bolts
D. a small cutting device
III. Choose the correct tool.

1. Phillips screwdriver / �lathead screwdriver

a. A screw with a �lat slot needs a__________________
b. A screw with a cross-shape on the head needs a __________________.

2. split-joint pliers / long nose pliers

a. __________________ are adjustable
b. __________________ have needle-like pincers.

3. claw hammer / tool kit

a. __________________ can drive in or remove nails.
b. Many tools are included in a __________________

IV. Read and complete the following dialogue with the words from the box

WANT WELCOME RECOMMEND NEED USE FIND LOOK FOR

Sales person : Good afternoon, _____________ to Big

Hardware. SPEAKING
VI. Student A: You are a sales person.
Customer : Hi. Where can I _____________ the hand Talk to Student B about:
tools? • location of hand tools 4
• full sets and individual tools
Sales person : Sure. They’re in front of the electric • costs of tools
drills you. What are you _____________?

Student B: You are a customer. Talk to

Customer : Well, I _____________ some sockets, a Student A about buying hand tools.
hammer and screwdrivers.
Use the dialogue as a model

Sales person : Okay. 4 Do you _____________ a full set or

individual screwdrivers.

Customer : I only need some sizes. What do you

_____________? Useful Expressions:

I need…
Sales person : I recommend a full set.
What are you looking for?
Customer : Really? Why is that?
What do you...?
Sales person : It's more convenient. Plus, you will I recommend…
______________ the other sizes someday.
 Lesson 2: MATERIALS IN A CAR

I. Before you read the passage, talk about these questions.

When we think of cars, we think of 1. What materials are used in a car?

2. What is the best material for making cars?
metal. And It’s true that car
READING
manufacturers use steel to build the
II. What are these materials used for in cars? 5
frames of cars and trucks. They use
Material Use in car manufacturing
cast iron for its durability to make rubber
cast iron
engine blocks and lightweight
plastic
aluminium is perfect for wheel rims. glass

Plastic and �iberglass are a great part

VOCABULARY
of car bodies these days. Glass is used
III. Match the materials (1-5) with the de�initions (A-E).
to make windows and mirrors- And
1. ______ leather 4. ______ lightweight
black rubber goes into almost every 2. ______ cast iron 5. ______ �iberglass
3. ______ glass
tire on the road. Of course, there are
A. a transparent material used to make windows
softer materials, too. Leather is used
B. a durable metal used to make engine blocks
in the interior of elegant cars. C. not heavy
D. material made of glass
E. a �lexible material made from animal skin
IV. Read the sentence pair. Choose where the words best �it the blanks.

1. rubber / plastic 2. steel / aluminium

a. The body of this car is made of __________________. a. The frame of the van is made of __________________.

b. Tire makers use __________________. b. The rims are made of lightweight _______________

V. Read and complete the conversation between two mechanics with the words from the box.

PLASTIC LGHTER STEEL LGHTWEIGHT SEATBELT

Mechanic 1: They don’t make cars like they made them SPEAKING
in the past!
VI. Student A: You are mechanic.
Talk to Student B about:
Mechanic 2: No, they don’t. This car’s body is made of • a car body
______________. • parts and material
• reasons to use the materials
Mechanic 1: Really? Plastic must be cheaper than
______________. Student B: You are a mechanic. Talk
to Student A about the structure of a 6
car.
Mechanic 2: It’s cheaper and ______________. Lightweight
material improves fuel ef�iciency. Use the dialogue as a guide

Mechanic 1: Yes, but what does it do for the

______________?

Mechanic 2: Well, there’s a ______________ in every car Useful Expressions:

This car's body is made of...

Mechanic 1: I see, and are these outer panels made of
______________ materials too? Plastic must be...
These outer panels are...
Mechanic 2: Yeah. They’re made of a combination of
�iberglass and plastic
 Lesson 3: TYPES OF CARS
sports car SUV minivan

pickup truck
2-door coupe
hatchback

I. Before you read the passage, talk about these questions.

This weekend only, stop
by for your new dream 1. Do you know any types of cars?
car! 2. What cars are good for families? For single people in big cities?

READING
Do you want a compact 7
or a sports car? II. Read the �lyer for the car dealership. Then, mark the
following statements as true (T) or false (F).
We have it!
1. ______ Convertibles cost less than 4-door sedans.
We have used 4-door sedans and 2. ______ There are many types of minivans available.
station wagons starting at $2,500! 3. ______ The sales event is for a week.
Buy your �irst convertible for $6,000!
VOCABULARY
Do you need four-wheel drive?
Get your pickup truck or SUV with a
III. Match the words (1-7) with the de�initions (A-G).
$1999 deposit!
1. ______ compact 5. ______ convertible
Are you trying to save money on gas?
2. ______ 4- door sedan 6. ______ station wagon
Get one of our 2-door coupes or
3. ______ minivan 7. ______ hatchback
hatchbacks, and start saving now!
4. ______ pickup truck
Don't forget those big families!
A. a light truck with an open body
We have a variety of minivans and
B. a smaller version of a van
full size passenger vans as well.
C. a car with a removable roof
D. a small car
Come this Saturday and E. a car with a long body and lots of storage space
Sunday! You can’t find F. a car with a door in the back that opens upward
better prices! G. a car with four doors and trunk space
IV. Choose the correct type of car.

1. 2-door coupe / van 2. SUV / sports car

a. The passenger __________________ carries eight a. Susan drove her __________________ to the mountain
people. last summer

b. The __________________ only �its two people. b. Only Sarah and Sue �it in the small _______________

VI. Read and complete the conversation between two mechanics with the words from the box.

NEED HELP TRAVEL HAVE LIVE SHOW

Salesman: Hello there! How can I

SPEAKING
_____________ you?
VI. Student A: You are a customer
Customer: Hi. I'm looking for a new car, for looking for a new car. Talk to Student B
about:
my entire family.
• needing a car for the family
Salesman: Well, I'm sure, we _____________ • traveling frequently
the right car for you. How big is • needing storage space in the 8
your family? car

Customer: It's me, my four kids, and my Student B: You are a car salesperson.
husband. Talk to Student A about choosing the
right car.
Salesman: Big family! Do you all _____________
in the car?

Customer: We do. My parents _____________

far from us, and we often visit Useful Expressions:
them.
How can I…
Salesman: Hmm, you _____________ some
extra space for luggage, too. I’m looking for…

Customer: We do. The kids pack a lot. I’m sure …

Salesman: Well, I think a mini van is the I think…

choice for you. Let me
_____________ you one.
 Lesson 4: EXTERIOR CAR PARTS

I. Before you read the passage, talk about these

Vehicle Inspection questions.

1. What are some important exterior parts of a car?

Check hood, bumpers, and fenders for 2. What is a common accessory of sports cars?
scratches or dents. Make a note of any signs
of collision. Also, check the grill for signs of READING
frontal collision. All doors should open and 9
close smoothly. If the car has a spoiler, check II. Read the checklist and choose the correct answers.
for paint scratches.
1. What is the purpose of the checklist?
List damage: ______________________________________
a. to train employees on body repair
Look for cracks in the mirrors. Also, examine b. to order replacement parts
the windshield for damage. The wipers c. to determine the cost of repairs
should move easily and should not be bent or d. to evaluate damage to a vehicle
worn out.
2. Which is NOT an instruction on the checklist?
List damage: ______________________________________
a. replace bent wipers
Test headlights, taillights, and brake lights b. look for any signs of collision
to ensure all bulbs are working. List bulbs that c. check the hood for dents or scratches
are not working: d. test all bulbs in headlights and taillights

3. When should a car go to the maintenance garage?

Start engine and check fuel level. Record fuel
level and any engine problems*: a. when the bumper is dented
b. when the engine is not working well
Fuel: __________________ Engine: __________________ c. when the windshield is cracked
d. when headlights are not functioning
*Send all cars with engine problems to the
maintenance garage. All other damage is
repaired in the parking lot.
 VOCABULARY

III. Complete the chart with the correct parts IV. Read the sentences and choose the correct parts.

taillight brake light grill fender 1. Herman could not see the road because of the dirt on
his hood/windshield.
hood headlight door spoiler
2. Sylvie checked her mirrors/taillights to see if any
FRONT OF CAR cars were behind her.

3. Fortunately, only the front bumper/spoiler was

REAR OF CAR
damaged in the crash.
SIDE OF CAR
4. Louis used the grill/wipers to clear the snow from
the windshield

VII. Read and complete the conversation between two mechanics with the words from the box.

SCRATCH LOOK CHECKLIST DAMAGE PROBLEM DENT CRACK

Mechanic 1: Do you have the _____________ ready? SPEAKING

10
Mechanic 2: Yes, I do VI. Student A: You are a mechanic. Talk
to Student B about:
Mechanic 1: Okay, the hood and fenders are �ine, but • a checklist
there’s a _____________ in the windshield. • car parts
• areas of damage
Mechanic 2: Cracked windshield. Got it. Are the wipers
OK? Student B: You are a mechanic. Talk to
Student A about areas of damage
Mechanic 1: Yeah, they _____________ �ine.
Use the dialogue as a guide
Mechanic 2: Great. How are the lights?

Mechanic 1: They're all right, too. But I see a

_____________ in the passenger door.
Useful Expressions:
Mechanic 2: Is there any _____________ to the paint?

Mechanic 1: Yes, there is. It got scratched. Do you have the checklist?

Mechanic 2: Okay, scratched paint. Can you see any

I see a crack in the…
other ______________?
Is there any damage to the…
Mechanic 1: I think that’s all.
 Lesson 5: INTERIOR CAR PARTS
10

1 7
3

11

5
4
6

1. steering wheel 8. door panel

2. rearview mirror 9. vent 12

3. speedometer 10. visor

4. clutch 11. glove compartment 13 14
11
5. brake 12. shifter
6. gas pedal (accelerator) 13. bucket seat
7. dashboard 14. rear bench seat

I. Before you read the passage, talk about these questions.

The new KIA is a must have! Let's look at its
interior characteristics. The car has front
bucket seats and a rear bench seat covered
in soft Italian leather. The KIA also has a
custom-shaped steering wheel. It helps the
driver's hands to relax while driving. The door
panels on the KIA offer several controls. Each
panel has an easy-to-use door handle,
window switch, and door lock.
1. What parts are included inside cars for comfort or
entertainment?
2. What parts are included inside cars for safety?
READING
II. Read the car manufacturer's website. Then, mark the
following statements as true (T) or false (F)

There are also convenient knobs on the 1. ______ The RCS can only seat two people.
console to adjust the radio, heat, and air
conditioning. These controls are available on 2. ______ The rearview mirror can be moved electronically.
the steering wheel in certain models.
The seat belts and rear-view mirror adjust 3. ______ Some RCS models have radio controls on the steering
electronically. Finally, the car's shifter only
requires a touch of the �ingers. This car was
de�initely designed with ease and comfort in
mind!
 VOCABULARY

III. Complete with the correct car parts. IV. Circle the correct car part

console rearview mirror knob 1. handle / bucket seat

steering wheel seat belt
1. Turn the __________________________ to adjust the heat.
2. Check the ________________________ to see what is behind
the car.
3. The __________________________ controls where the truck is
going.
4. Wear your __________________________at all times.
5. The controls for the radio are on the ___________________
a. Pull the _______________ to open the door.
b. A _______________ is deep, round, and comfortable.
2. door panel / bench seat
a. Three people can �it on a _______________.
b. The window switch is on the _______________.
3. knob / lock
a. The _______________ is broken, so don't leave
money in the car.
b. Turn the air conditioning on; it' s the blue
_______________
4. window switch / shifter
a. Push the _______________; let’s get some fresh air.
b. The _______________ is usually behind the steering
wheel.

V. Read and complete the conversation with the words from the box.

SEE SPEAKING WRONG FIX BRING WORK MAKE

12

Mechanic: Rodney's Repair Shop, this is Saul

SPEAKING
_____________ . How can I help you?
VI. Student A: You are a customer. Talk to
Customer: Hi Saul, my name is Peggy. Can I _____________ Student B about:
an appointment for you to look at my car • a car problem
today? • when to go to the shop
Mechanic: Sure, Peggy. What’s ______________ with it? Student B: You are a mechanic. Talk to
Student A about a problem and make an
Customer: Well, the locks and handles don’t _____________ appointment

Use the dialogue as a guide

Mechanic: That’s no good. But we can _____________ it.

Customer: Thanks. So, when can I _____________ it in? Useful Expressions:

Mechanic: How about you bring it at two this afternoon? What's wrong with it?
The ... don't work.
Customer: Great, I'll _____________ you then. How about you…
 Lesson 6: GAUGES
1. dashboard (instrument cluster)
1
2. tachometer
5 6 3. speedometer
4. oil gauge
3
2 5. fuel gauge
6. temperature gauge
7 7. odometer
4

I. Before you read the passage, talk about these questions.

1. What gauges and dials are on the dashboard of a car?

Measuring Savings, 2. When you are driving, which gauges do you check more often?
Gauging Safety
READING
You see the instrument cluster on your
dashboard every time you drive. Are you II. Read the column in an auto magazine. Then, mark the
following statements as true (T) or false (F).
using it to stay safe and save money?
Sure, you check your fuel gauge so you 1. ______ Setting the odometer can help avoid tickets.
13
don't run out of gas. You probably look at 2. ______ Checking the tachometer can help save fuel.
the speedometer to avoid traf�ic tickets. 3. ______ Correctly in�lated tires increase fuel ef�iciency.
Before you go on a trip, you set the
odometer to see the distance you travel. VOCABULARY
But checking the other gauges improves
III. Match the instruments (1-5) with the de�initions (A-E).
safety and saves money. Watch your
tachometer. 1. ______ battery light 4. ______ dashboard
Driving fast wastes fuel and money. 2. ______ tire pressure gauge 5. ______ measure
3. ______ tachometer
A glance at the temperature gauge
prevents overheating. Check your tires
A. a gauge that shows engine rotation
with the tire pressure gauge. Correctly
B. a display that warns of electronic problems
in�lated tires add kilometres per gallon.
C. an instrument panel with gauges and dials
Finally, watch out for the battery light. If
it turns on, there’s a problem with the
D. to �ind out the amount, size or degree of something

charging system. E. a gauge that shows air pressure

IV. Fill in the blanks with correct words and phrases

fuel gauge instument cluster odometer

speedometer measures temperature gauge

1. An ammeter__________________________ the �low of electric current.

2. Check the __________________________ to see if the engine is too hot.
3. To avoid running out of gas, check the __________________________.
4. The __________________________ shows how fast a car is moving.
5. The __________________________ has dials and gauges and is located on the dashboard.
6. Harry set the __________________________ to see the distance he travels on his trip.

V. Read and complete the conversation with the words from the box.

GETS BRINGS LOOK RUN OVERHEATED HAPPEN

Mechanic: What ______________ you in today, Mr SPEAKING

Jackson?
VI. Student A: You are a mechanic. Talk to 14
Student B about:
Customer: Well, my car almost ______________ a few
times this week. • why he/she is at the shop
• the car’s gauges
Mechanic: I see. Does it _____________on long drives? • what you will do next

Customer: No, my drive to work is only ten minutes Student B: You are a car owner. Talk to
long. But the temperature gauge Student A about your car.
_____________ very high in that time
Use the dialogue as a guide

Mechanic: Okay. And do you ______________ the engine

hard?
Useful Expressions:
Customer: Not at all. I’m trying to save gas. So I make
sure the tachometer stays below four My car almost…
thousand.
Does it happen…?
Mechanic: Okay, I’ll take a _____________ under the hood
and see what I can �ind.
I’ll take a look…
 Lesson 7: A FLAT TIRE
jack
lug nuts

tire

hubcap
�lat tire
lug wrench

I. Before you read the passage, talk about these questions.

1. What tools do you need to change a tire?

Everybody should know 2. When do you need to change a tire?

how to change a flat tire

READING

1. Take out the spare, the lug wrench, II. Read the guide. Then, mark the following statements as
true (T) or false (F). 15
and the jack.
2. Set the parking break and, if possible, 1. ______ a tire can’t be changed without a hubcap.

block the other tires. 2. ______ the wheels rest upon the lug bolts.

3. Remove the hubcap, if one is present. 3. ______ lug nuts should be removed when a car is jacked up.

4. Loosen the lug nuts. (Note: Do not

remove them.) VOCABULARY
5. Crank the jack to jack up the car
III. Match the words (1-5) with the de�initions (A-E).
enough to remove the tire.
6. Remove the lug nuts. 1. ______ lug nut 4. ______ lower
2. ______ spare 5. ______ tighten
7. Pull the wheel off the lug bolts. 3. ______ lug bolt
8. Put on the spare.
9. Replace the lug nuts on the lug bolts A. an extra tire kept for emergencies
and tighten them slightly. B. to turn something so that it moves closer to another object
10. Lower the car. C. a metal cap used to attach a wheel to a car
11. Tighten the lug nuts completely. D. a metal bar that a wheel sits on
E. to bring something down
 IV. Complete the sentences with the correct word

block lug wrench tire

crank loosen

1. John used the__________________________ to take off the hubcap.

2. To lift the car, __________________________ the jack.
3. A __________________________ is made of rubber.
4. __________________________ the lug nuts before you jack up the car.
5. __________________________ the tires so the car won't roll.

VIII. Read and complete the conversation with the words from the box.

KNOW PIECE OF CAKE BLOCK THINK WRENCH MAKE

Driver: I’m glad you’re here. I don’t SPEAKING

______________ how to change a �lat tire.
VI. Student A: You are helping a friend.
Talk to Student B about:
16
Passenger: Don’t worry. It’s a ______________ • inconvenients
______________ ______________. • things you need
• location of the items
Driver: Great. How do we start?

Passenger: Well, let’s ______________ sure we have
everything we need �irst.
Driver: Okay. I have a spare tire in the trunk.
What else do we need?
Student B: You are a car owner. Talk to
Student A about changing the tire.
Use the dialogue as a guide

Passenger: Just the jack and a lug ______________. Useful Expressions:

What else do we need?

Driver: Those are in the trunk, too.
It's in the trunk.
Passenger: Oh, do you have something to
______________ the tires? Do you have something to...

Driver: I don’t _____________ so, sorry

 Lesson 8: ENGINE COMPONENTS
spark plug
intake cam exhaust cam

intake valve exhaust valve

clutch
piston
gearbox
connecting rod

�lywheel

crank
For further information on engine components please refer to appendix 1

Internal I. Before you read the passage, talk about these questions.

Combustion 1. Where are pistons in a car's engine?

2. What are the main parts of a car's engine?
Engine
READING 17
An internal combustion engine operates
in a cycle that compresses and ignites fuel II. Read the text. Mark the following statements as true (T)
and air to generate energy. The starting or false (F).
point is the cylinder. The cylinder runs
through the head and down into the 1. ______ Air enters the cylinder through the valves.
engine block. A piston in the cylinder 2. ______ Fuel is compressed by the piston.
moves up and down. At the start of the 3. ______ The crankshaft connects to the spark plug.
cycle, it pulls a mixture of fuel and air
through valves and into the cylinder. It
VOCABULARY
then moves upward compressing the fuel
mixture. A piston ring forms a tight seal III. Match the engine parts (1-6) with the de�initions (A-F).
between the piston and the cylinder wall.
This ensures that the fuel mixture cannot 1. ______ engine block 4. ______ piston ring
escape. It also keeps oil from the sump 2. ______ connecting rod 5. ______ spark plug
from entering the combustion chamber. 3. ______ crankcase 6. ______ head
Next, a spark plug �ires and ignites the
fuel mixture. The resulting explosion
A. body of engine
pushes the piston downward. This in turn
moves a connecting rod attached to the B. holds large shaft in engine
piston. The connecting rod transfers the C. creates tight seal
mechanical energy from the piston to a
D. top part of engine
crankshaft contained within a
crankcase. E. transfers power from piston
F. causes explosion
IV. Complete the sentences with the engine parts

piston crankshaft valve

sump cylinder

1. A __________________________ controls the �low of air into an engine.

2. The __________________________ holds the engine's supply of oil.
3. The spark plug �ires in the __________________________.
4. The __________________________ moves up and down in a cycle.
5. The connecting rod powers the __________________________.

V. Read and complete the conversation with the words from the box.

THOUGHT DAMAGED NEED USE TELL CRACKED

Mechanic 1: I’m still don’t ______________ what caused

the engine to fail.
SPEAKING
Mechanic 2: I’m sure that it was an oil leak.
VI. Student A: You are new mechanic. Talk to 18
Student B about:
Mechanic 1: Really? I ______________ bad spark plugs. • the cause of the engine fail
• the parts you checked
• what you think the cause is
Mechanic 2: It can’t be that.

Student B: You are an experienced mechanic.

Mechanic 1: So the sump is _____________ ?
Talk to Student A about why each part is not the
problem and which one is.
Mechanic 2: The sump isn’t the problem.
Use the dialogue as a guide

Mechanic 1: It isn’t? But then why is there an oil leak?

Mechanic 2: Look inside the cylinder and _____________

me what you see.
Useful Expressions:
Mechanic 1: The walls are discoloured and
_____________ . It looks really dirty too
Nothing is wrong with the...
Mechanic 2: Exactly. Do you have any idea what
caused that? The ... is not the problem.
Mechanic 1: I think it is that oil got in there. Ah, so it
was the piston rings. It has to be the…
Mechanic 2: Exactly. They broke and oil leaked into
the chamber.
 Lesson 9: THE EXHAUST SYSTEM
1. Exhaust Manifold
2. Exhaust Manifold Gasket
2a. Recirculate Manifold gasket
3. Seal (front pipe to manifold)
4. Front Pipe Only (exhaust)
5. Catalytic Converter
6. Muffler
7. Exhaust Tail Pipe
8. Exhaust Clamp
9. Insulator, Tailpipe Bracket
10. Hanger Swivel Type
11. Exhaust kit

I. Before you read the passage, talk about these questions.

What does the
1. How are gases expelled out of the car?
exhaust system do? 2. Can you name some parts of the exhaust system?

The exhaust system makes sure that all READING

of the exhaust gases produced after the
combustion of the fuel-air mixture in the II. Read the text. Mark the following statements as true
engine's cylinders are expelled from the (T) or false (F). 19
engine. It uses a series of connected pipes
of different shapes and sizes that are 1. ______ There’s a fuel–air mixture in the exhaust.
specially designed to channel noxious 2. ______ Exhaust gases are expelled out the car through pipes.
gases away from you and your car.
3. ______ All pipes in the exhaust system are the same length
The exhaust system also has other
and size
components that help it clean your
engine's emissions.
VOCABULARY
What are the parts of the exhaust system?
III. Match the parts (1-6) with the de�initions (A-F).
As said earlier, the system is made up of
several pipes of varying lengths and 1. ______ exhaust manifold 4. ______ muf�ler
shapes. It has an exhaust manifold, 2. ______ fuel-air mixture 5. ______ exhaust tip
which channels all of the exhaust gases 3. ______ catalytic converter 6. ______ exhaust gases
produced by the engine's individual
cylinders into one pipe. A. where the emissions come out
The gases are then made to pass through a
catalytic converter, a device that helps B. channels all the exhaust gases
transform the exhaust gases into less C. it mixes in the engine’s cylinders
harmful substances.
D. helps reduce noise
The exhaust system also has a muf�ler to
help reduce noise. E. are produced after the combustion of fuel and air
Finally, there's the exhaust tip, which is F. makes exhaust gases less harmful substances
where the emissions come out.
IV. Circle the correct exhaust part

1. exhaust pipe / catalytic converter

a. The __________________________ carries gases to the muf�ler.
b. A(n) __________________________ reduces the harmful gases in exhaust.

2. muf�ler / tailpipe
a. The purpose of a __________________________ is to limit sound.
b. The last part of the exhaust system is the ___________________________.

VI. Read and complete the conversation with the words from the box.

HOPE PASS FIND OUT THOUGHT TURNED OUT TO BE REPLACE IMRPOVE

Cusstomer So, did you ______________ why I didn’t

pass the emission test?
SPEAKING
VI. Student A: You are mechanic. Talk to
Student B about:
Mechanic: We ran some more tests and it • the cause of an emission problem
____________________________ the catalytic • �ixing the problem
converter. • passing an emission test
20
Student B: You are a car owner. Talk to Student
Customer: Really? I ______________ it was a valve A about repairs to the exhaust system
or something. What’s next? Use the dialogue as a guide

Mechanic: We have to ______________ it and run

the diagnostics again.

Useful Expressions:
Customer: I really ____________ it works. I need my
car to pass the emission test.
It turned out to be...
I thought it was...
Mechanic: Don’t ______________ . I’m sure the new
catalytic converter will ______________ I’m sure…
the emission signi�icantly.
 Lesson 10: REVIEW
I. Let’s see how much you remember! Find the 20 car parts in the puzzle

21
II. Read the following de�initions and choose the correct word

1. Utility knife / Wrench

a. Use the __________________ to tighten the nuts.
b. You can cut that wire with the __________________.

2. rubber / plastic
a. The body of this car is made of __________________.
b. Tire makers use __________________.

3. steel / aluminium
a. The frame of the van is made of __________________.
b. The rims are made of lightweight _______________

4. Phillips screwdriver / �lathead screwdriver

a. A screw with a �lat slot needs a__________________
b. A screw with a cross-shape on the head needs a __________________.

5. claw hammer / tool kit

c. __________________ can drive in or remove nails.
d. Many tools are included in a __________________

6. handle / bucket seat

a. Pull the _______________ to open the door.
b. A _______________ is deep, round, and comfortable.
 7. door panel / bench seat
a. Three people can �it on a _______________.
b. The window switch is on the _______________.

8. knob / lock
a. The _______________ is broken, so don't leave money in the car.
b. Turn the air conditioning on; it' s the blue _______________

9. window switch / shifter

a. Push the _______________; let’s get some fresh air.
b. The _______________ is usually behind the steering wheel.

10. lug nut / lug bolt

a. a metal cap used to attach a wheel to a car
b. a metal bar that a wheel sits on

11. lower / tighten

a. to turn something so that it moves closer to another object
b. to bring something down

III. Test your partner’s memory! Label as many engine parts as you can before your partner

22

IV. In groups of 3-4. Prepare a short presentation about your favourite car. Talk about:

1. Its general characteristics

2. The materials used in it
3. Its internal/external appearance
4. Its engine
APPENDIX: EXTRA DIAGRAMS

1. THE ENGINE

23

http://carengine1.blogspot.com/2013/06/car-engine-parts-names.html
2. THE DIRECTION SYSTEM

24
3. THE POWER CYLINDER

25
4. FUSE BOX

26
REFERENCES

Lesson 1

Reading activity adapted from “Career Path Mechanics 1”, Express Publishing (Pp. 4-5)

“New DeWalts mechanics hand tool line” Video

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dyc1rfOJhQI

Hammer image taken from:

http://the�ilmfellas.�iles.wordpress.com/2012/05/800px-claw-hammer.jpeg

Toolbox image taken from

http://image.made-in-china.com/2f0j00iByaWDzrCwbL/Socket-Set-Hand-Tool-Mechanic-Tool-Sets-DD770-.jpg
(both websites accessed in September 2013)

Lesson 2

Reading activity adapted from “Career Path Mechanics 1”, Express Publishing (Pp. 16-17)

“Making of a Rolls Royce car” Video

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-EldnwKcJs

Materials image taken from:

http://thumbnails.visually.netdna-cdn.com/materials-used-to-make-a-car_5152976ad1c9e.jpeg (accessed in
September 2013)

Lesson 3 27
Reading activity adapted from “Career Path Mechanics 1”, Express Publishing (Pp. 24-25)

“Different types of cars!!!” Video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZyiTgi6kxXc

Sports car image taken from:

http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-FiH7HG5ZBkc/UKrYRxzY3lI/AAAAAAAAACI/laCv3TbPJ_M/s1600/modi�ied-sports-
cars-wallpapers.jpg (accessed in September 2013)

Pickup truck image taken from:

http://photocarsonline.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/DG009_094RM.jpg (accessed in September
2013)
2-door coupe image taken from:
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ea2N6L-aIZk/TtV4EKjR9kI/AAAAAAAAA2w/HkrUGyNYbCI/s1600/2011-nissan-370z-
2-door-coupe-auto-touring-angular-front-exterior-view_100331111_l.jpg ((accessed in September 2013)

Minivan image taken from:

http://www.jesuspons.cl/images/suzuki-apv-minivan.jpg (accessed in September 2013)

SUV image taken from:

http://www.gorentavan.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/San-Diego-SUV-rental.png (accessed in September
2013)

Hatchback image taken form:

http://www.autosonline.cl/images/stories/brilliance/brilliance-frv-
hatchback/interior/brilliance_frv_hatchback_imagen_23.jpg (accessed in September 2013)
Lesson 4

Reading activity adapted from “Career Path Mechanics 1”, Express Publishing (Pp. 26-27)

“Car Exterior English Vocabulary” Video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jwnpza9C-lA

Exterior car parts image taken from:

http://www.choiceautospares.co.za/big%20bmw.png (accessed in September 2013)

Lesson 5

Reading activity adapted from “Career Path Mechanics 1”, Express Publishing (Pp. 28-29)

“Car Dashboard – How it’s made” Video

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DU8lkIyva-s

Car side view image taken from:

http://www.lankaholidays.com/pics/16738/Tata-Nano-LX-side-view-interior.jpg (accessed in October 2013)

Car parts info taken from:

http://www.passporttoenglish.com/Intermediate-English/Lesson11/Vocabulary.html (accessed in September
2013)

Lesson 6

Reading activity adapted from “Career Path Mechanics 1”, Express Publishing (Pp. 30-31)
28
“Car Tech – 2014 Lexus IS F-Sport’s gorgeous gauges” Video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q26MLqTHHIY

Dashboard image taken from:

http://www.allpar.com/reviews/photos/ram/dashboard.jpg (accessed in October 2013)

Lesson 7

Reading activity adapted from “Career Path Mechanics 1”, Express Publishing (Pp. 32-33)

“How to change a �lat tire” Video

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=INMUrGdA_RA

Hubcap image taken from:

http://zhome.com/Classic/Images/70HubCap.JPG (accessed in October 2013)

Lug wrench image taken from:

http://www.diseno-art.com/images_2/lug_wrench.jpg (accessed in October 2013)

Lug nuts image taken from:

http://blog.pavedearth.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/20110226-2011_02_26_3994.jpg (accessed in
October 2013)

Jack image taken from:

http://cdn.toolstation.com/images/130125-UK/images/library/stock/webbig/12136.jpg (accessed in October
2013)
Tire image taken from:
http://redcowtyres.com/wp-content/uploads/ratas.jpg (accessed in October 2013)

Lesson 8

Reading activity adapted from “Career Path Mechanics 2”, Express Publishing (Pp. 4-5)

“Internal Combustion Engine – How It’s Assembled and Works?” Video

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v0PUhxFJYBI

Internal Combustion Engine image taken from:

www.carbibles.com/images/enginecomponents.jpg (accessed in October 2013)

Lesson 9

Reading activity adapted from the article: “Useful tips form �inding the exact Exhaust System”
http://www.autopartswarehouse.com/exhaust_system~pop.html (accessed in October 2013)

Exhaust System image taken from:

http://www.jeep4x4center.com/jeep-exhaust-parts/wrangler-yj.html (accessed in October 2013)

“How Exhaust System Works” Video taken from:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W6dIsC_eGBI (accessed in October 2013)

Lesson 10

Puzzle created with the Word Search Creator tool available in 29

http://busyteacher.org/wordpuzzle (accessed in October 2013)

IMPORTANT NOTE

Some of the material included in this booklet has been adapted from the book series “Career Paths Mechanics” by

Express Publishing and are the copyrighted property of its owner. This booklet has been prepared as part of an

extra-curriculum English workshop and is meant to be distributed with no charge and for academic purposes only.