6/23/2020 Arrays in Batch Scripting Language

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Arrays in Batch Scripting Language

View more Tutorials:

Batch Scripting Language Tutorials

1- Array in Batch language

2- Test the existance of an element  
3- Iterate through the elements of the array
4- An element has stucture

1- Array in Batch language

An array is a row of contiguous elements which are marked indices:  0, 1, 2, ....

For other languages an array has fixed size. But in the Batch language, the array has a dynamic size, and there is no attribute
describing array length (the number of array elements). And no function directly helps you get the number of array elements.

All array elements need to be assigned values through a set command. If not, such element doesn't exist .

** syntax **

?
1 @echo off
2  
3 set myarray[0] = Abc
4 set /A myarray[1] = 234
5 set myarray[2]=Def
6  
7 set myarray[0]=A new value
8

Example:

arrayExample1.bat

?
1 @echo off
2  
3 set names[0]=Tom
4 set names[1]=Jerry
5 set names[2]=Donald
6 set names[3]=Aladin
7  
8 echo names[0]= %names[0]%
9 echo names[3]= %names[3]%
10  
11 @rem names[10] does not exists!
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12 echo names[10]= %names[10]%
13  
14 pause

You can assign new values to array elements. Below is an example:

arrayExample2.bat

?
1 @echo off
2  
3 set names[0]=Tom
4 set names[1]=Jerry
5  
6 echo names[0]= %names[0]%
7  
8 @rem: Assign new value
9 set names[0]=Donald
10  
11 echo After assign new value to names[0]:
12 echo names[0]= %names[0]%
13  
14 pause

2- Test the existance of an element  

Using defined command helps you to check whether an element in an array exists or not?

arrayDefinedExample.bat

?
1 @echo off
2 set Arr[0]=1000
3 set Arr[1]=5000
4 set Arr[2]=3000
5   
6 if not defined Arr[5] (
7  
8    echo Element at 5 does not exists!
9 )
10  
11 if defined Arr[1] (
12  

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13    echo Element at 1 exists!
14 )
15   
16 pause

3- Iterate through the elements of the array

“ See more:

Loops in Batch Scripting Language

For /F loop can be approved on a range of numbers, therefore, it can be approved on a range of array indices

fetchArrayExample1.bat

?
1 @echo off
2  
3 set fruits[0]=Apple
4 set fruits[1]=Apricot
5 set fruits[2]=Asparagus
6 set fruits[3]=Aubergine
7 set fruits[4]=Banana
8  
9 FOR /L %%i IN (0 1 4) DO  (
10  
11    call echo Element At %%i = %%fruits[%%i]%%
12 )
13  
14 pause

If you don't know the number of array elements in advance, you can iterate over its elements by using goto command.

fetchArrayExample2.bat

?
1 @echo off
2  
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3 set fruits[0]=Apple
4 set fruits[1]=Apricot
5 set fruits[2]=Asparagus
6 set fruits[3]=Aubergine
7 set fruits[4]=Banana
8   
9  
10 set /A i = 0
11  
12 :my_loop
13     
14     if defined fruits[%i%]  (
15      
16         call echo Element At %i% = %%fruits[%i%]%% 
17          
18         set /a i = %i% + 1
19          
20         goto :my_loop
21      
22     ) 
23  
24 echo Done!
25  
26 pause

4- An element has stucture

In the Batch language, an array element can have structure. A structure is an object with many attributes, for example an object
represents for a person with 2 attributes such as  firstName, lastName.

structureArrayExample.bat

?
1 @echo off
2  
3 set persons[0].firstName=Bill
4 set persons[0].lastName=Gates
5  
6 set persons[1].firstName=Steve
7 set persons[1].lastName=Jobs
8  
9 set persons[2].firstName=Mark
10 set persons[2].lastName=Zuckerberg
11  
12 set persons[3].firstName=Sundar
13 set persons[3].lastName=Pichai
14  
15 FOR /L %%i IN (0 1 3) DO  (
16  
17    call echo Person At %%i = %%persons[%%i].firstName%% %%persons[%%i].lastName%%
18 )
19  
20 pause

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View more Tutorials:

Batch Scripting Language Tutorials

Batch Scripting Language Tutorials

Batch Scripting Language Tutorial for Beginners

Variables in Batch Scripting Language
Loops in Batch Scripting Language
Arrays in Batch Scripting Language

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