Dr.

Sachin Kapur
M.Phil, Phd

20+ years Teaching Experience

4,00,000 Students &

Teachers Mentored
 Reproductive Health

Lecture 3

Dr. Sachin Kapur 20+ years Teaching experience

M M.Phil, Phd 4,00,000 Students & Teachers Mentored
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Hormonal Methods Of Contraception

1-Oral Contraceptive Pills(OCPs)

2-Injectables
3-Implants
Oral Contraceptive Pills(OCPs)

➔ Oral administration of small doses of either progestogens or progestogen–estrogen

combinations is another contraceptive method used by the females.
➔ They are used in the form of tablets and hence are popularly called the pills.
Oral Contraceptive Pills(OCPs)

➔ Pills have to be taken daily for a period of 21 days starting preferably within the first
five days of menstrual cycle.
➔ After a gap of 7 days (during which menstruation occurs) it has to be repeated in the
same pattern till the female desires to prevent conception.
Types of Oral Contraceptive Pills(OCPs)

➔ Oral Pills are of two types

● Combined Oral Pills - Contains both estrogen and progestin
● Mini Pill - Contain only progestin(POPs)
Mechanism of action

➔ These inhibit ovulation and implantation.

➔ Alter the quality of cervical mucus to prevent/ retard entry of sperms.
➔ Inhibition of motility and secretory activity of Fallopian tubes.
➔ Pills are very effective with lesser side effects and are well accepted by females.
➔ These are most popular method of contraception among urban females in India.
Saheli Pill

➔ It contains a non-steroidal preparation(Centchroman).

➔ It was developed by Central Drug Research Institute(CDRI), Lucknow.
➔ It is a ‘once a week’ pill with very few side effects and high contraceptive value.
➔ It is taken twice weekly for the first three months and then once a week.
➔ It prevents implantation by blocking estrogen receptors.
Injectables

➔ Progestogens alone or in combination with estrogen can also be used by females

as injections e.g DEPO-PROVERA.
➔ Their mode of action is similar to that of pills and their effective periods are much
longer.
Subdermal Implants

➔ These are hormone containing devices which are implanted subdermally for
providing long term contraception(3-5 years).
➔ Norplant has six small capsules containing hormone and these are inserted under
skin of left upper arm.
➔ Implanon is a single rod-like which is implanted through a needle.
Emergency Contraception

➔ Administration of progestogens or progestogen-estrogen combinations within 72

hours of coitus have been found to be very effective as emergency
contraceptives(Morning after pills).
➔ These could be used to avoid possible pregnancy due to rape, missed pills or
casual unprotected intercourse.
➔ Mifepristone is a single pill treatment. It has very high affinity for progesterone
receptors.
➔ Insertion of IUD within 5 days of unprotected sex prevents implantation.
11th Grade
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Subjects Timings
Biology 4 PM
Physics 5 PM
Chemistry 6 PM
12th Grade
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
Subjects Timings
Biology 4 PM
Physics 5 PM
Chemistry 6 PM
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