Cholesterol

Lipoproteins

Chylomicrons
Function : Carry dietary lipids to peripheral tissues.

Very low density Lipoprotein (VLDL)

Function : Transport cholesterol from liver to peripheral tissues

Low density Lipoprotein (LDL)

Function : Transport cholesterol from liver to peripheral tissues

High density Lipoprotein (HDL)

Function : : Transport cholesterol from peripheral tissues to liver.
 Composition Lipoproteins

Chylomicrons
90% triacylglycerol
2% Protein

3% Phospholipids

5% Cholesterol ester

Very low density Lipoprotein (VLDL)

60% Triacylglycerol
5% Protein

15% Phospholipids

20% Cholesterol ester

Low density Lipoprotein (LDL)

8% Triacylglycerol
20% Protein

22% Phospholipids

50% Cholesterol ester

High density Lipoprotein (HDL)

5% Triacylglycerol
40% Protein

30% Phospholipids

25% Cholesterol ester

 ‫ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﺪھﻮن و اﻟﻜﻮﻟﺴﺘﺮول ﻓﻰ اﻟﺪم‬

‫اﻟﺪھﻮن ھﻮ إﺣﺪى ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﺎت اﻟﻌﻀﻮﯾﺔ اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﯿﺔ و اﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﮭﺎ ﻗﯿﻤﺔ ﻏﺬاﺋﯿﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﻼﯾﺎ اﻟﺤﯿﺔ ھﻲ ﺗﻜﻮﯾﻦ اﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺒﯿﺔ ﻟﻸﻏﺸﯿﺔ و وظﯿﻔﺘﮭﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻋﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬
‫ﺧﺰن اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻠﯿﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪ اﻟﺪھﻮن ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻠﯿﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺪھﻮن اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﯿﻮاﻧﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺪھﻮن اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎت‬

‫اﻟدھون ﻻﺗذوب ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺎء‬

‫‪Type Fat‬‬
‫اﺷﻜﺎل اﻟﺪھﻮن ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻤﺜﯿﻞ اﻟﻐﺪاﺋﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪم‬

‫اﻟﺪھﻮن اﻟﺜﻼﺛﯿﺔ ‪Triglycerides:‬‬

‫اﻷﺣﻤﺎض اﻟﺪھﻨﯿﺔ ‪Fatty Acids:‬‬
‫اﻟﻜﻮﻟﺴﺘﺮول ‪Cholestrol:‬‬
‫اﻟﺪھﻮن اﻟﻔﻮﺳﻔﺎﺗﯿﺔ ‪Phospholipids:‬‬
 ‫‪Cholesterol‬‬

‫‪Hypercholesterolemia‬‬
‫‪:‬ﯾرﺗﻔﻊ ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﻛوﻟﺳﺗرول ﻓﻲ اﻟدم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟزﯾﺎدة ﻛوﻟﺳﺗرول ﺗﻧﺎول اﻟﻣواد اﻟدھﻧﯾﺔ ﻛﺛره‬
‫ﻗﺻور وظﯾﻔﺔ اﻟﻐدة اﻟدرﻗﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻻﻧﺳداد ﻗﻧﺎة اﻟﺻﻔراء‬
‫‪Hyporcholesterolemia‬‬
‫اﻧﺧﻔﺎض ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﻛوﻟﺳﺗرول ﻓﻲ اﻟدم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬
‫ﺳﻮء اﻟﺘﻐﺪﯾﺔ ‪ --------------‬ﺳﻮء اﻣﺘﺼﺎص ‪-----------‬‬

‫ھدف ﻣن اﺟراء اﻟﺗﺣﻠﯾل ‪ :‬ﺗرﺳب ﻛوﻟﺳﺗرول ﯾؤدي اﻟﻰ ﺗﺻﻠب اﻟﺷراﯾﯾن و‬

‫ﯾؤدي اﻟﻰ اﻧﺳداد اوﻋﯾﺔ اﻟدﻣوﯾﺔ اﻟﺷرﯾﺎﻧﯾﺔ‬
 ‫‪Triglycerides‬‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﺪھﻮن اﻟﺜﻼﺛﯿﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﯾﺔ‪ :‬ھﻲ ﺑروﺗﯾﻧﺎت اﻟدھﻧﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻘوم ﺑﺣﻣل اﻟدھون اﻟﺛﻼﺛﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟدم ﻣن اﻷﻣﻌﺎء‬ ‫ﻣﺎھﻲ اﻟدھون‬
‫اﻟدﻗﯾﻘﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻷﻧﺳﺟﺔ‬

‫ﻟﻣﺎذا ﻧﺟري ھﺎذا اﻟﺗﺣﻠﯾل ‪:‬‬

‫زﯾﺎدة ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟدھون اﻟﺛﻼﺛﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺟﺳم ﯾؤدي إﻟﻰ ﺗراﻛم وﺗرﺳﺑﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻼﯾﺎ اﻟﻛﺑد‬
‫ﻣﻣﺎ ﯾؤدي اﻟﻰ ﺗﻌطﯾل وظﺎﺋﻔﮭﺎ و ﯾﺳﺑب ﻣرض اﻟﻛﺑد اﻟدھﻧﻲ ﻣﺎ ﯾﺳﻣﻰ‬

‫‪Fatty liver‬‬

‫اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﯿﻨﺎت اﻟﺪھﻨﯿﺔ ‪Lipoproteins‬‬

‫‪ :‬اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﯿﻨﺎت اﻟﺪھﻨﯿﺔ ھﻲ ﺑﺮوﺗﯿﻨﺎت وظﯿﻔﺘﮭﺎ ﻧﻘﻞ اﻟﺪھﻮن‬ ‫ﻣﺎھﻲ اﻟﺑروﺗﯾﻧﺎت اﻟدھﻧﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪم ﻷﻋﻀﺎء اﻟﺠﺴﻢ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺎھﻲ اﻧواع اﻟﺑروﺗﯾﻧﺎت اﻟدھﻧﯾﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫‪Chylomicrons‬‬
‫اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﯿﻨﺎت اﻟﺪھﻨﯿﺔ ﺷﺪﯾﺪة اﻧﺨﻔﺎض اﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ ‪VLDL‬‬
‫اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﯿﻨﺎت اﻟﺪھﻨﯿﺔ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﮫ ) ‪LDL - Low Density Lipoproteins‬‬
‫اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﯿﻨﺎت اﻟﺪھﻨﯿﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﯿﺔ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﮫ ) ‪HDL - High Density Lipoproteins‬‬
‫‪LDL - Low Density Lipoproteins‬‬

‫ﻣﺎھﻲ اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﯿﻨﺎت اﻟﺪھﻨﯿﺔ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔاﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ ‪:‬‬

‫‪ :‬ﻫﻲ ﻧﻮع ﻣﻦ اﻧﻮاع اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﻴﻨﺎت اﻟﺪﻫﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮع اﻟﺒﻴﺘﺎ وﻫﻲ ﻣﺴﺆؤﻟﻪ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻘﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺪﻫﻮن ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪم ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﺒﺪ اﻟﻰ اﻻﻧﺴﺠﺔ وﻫﻴﺔ اﻳﻀﺎ ﺳﻴﺌﺔ اﻟﺴﻤﻌﺔ‬

‫ﻋﻨﺪ زﻳﺎدة ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺔ ﻳﺆدي اﻟﻰ ﺗﺼﻠﺐ اﻟﺸﺮاﻳﻴﻦ ‪LDL‬‬

‫ﻟﺘﺎﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺸﺮاﯾﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ھﺪف او ﻏﺮض ﻣﻦ اﺟﺮاء اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿﻞ ‪:‬‬

‫‪HDL - High Density Lipoproteins‬‬

‫ﻣﺎھﻲ اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﯿﻨﺎت اﻟﺪھﻨﯿﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﯿﺔاﻟﻜﺜﺎﻓﺔ ‪ :‬ھﻲ ﻧﻮع ﻣﻦ‬

‫اﻧﻮاع اﻟﺒﺮوﺗﯿﻨﺎت اﻟﺪھﻨﯿﺔ ﺟﯿﺪة اﻟﺴﻤﻌﮫ وھﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮع اﻟﻔﺎ وھﻮ ﯾﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺪھﻮن ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪم‬
‫اﻟﻰ اﻟﻜﺒﺪ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺣﺪوت ﺗﺼﻠﺐ اﻟﺸﺮاﯾﯿﻦ‬

‫ﻣﺎ ھﺪف اﺟﺮاء اﻟﺘﺤﻠﯿﻞ ‪ :‬ﻟﺘﺎﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻼﻣﮫ اﻟﺸﺮاﯾﯿﻦ‬

‫‪HDL‬ﻋﻨﺪ زﯾﺎدة ﻣﻨﺴﺒﺘﺔ ﯾﻤﻨﻊ ﺣﺪوت ﺗﺼﻠﺐ اﻟﺸﺮاﯾﯿﻦ‬
‫ﺧﻄﻮات اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬
Calculated LDL:
LDL-C= total cholesterol –[HDL-C]+ TAG/2.2) in case of
mmol/L or 5 in case of mg/dl

VLDL = TG/ 5 mg/dl or TG/ 2,2 mmol/l