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Question: Name Pg 6 of 7 5) Describe the process of sand casting. Discu…

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Sand casting is de ned as pouring of molten metal into a sand mold and allowing it to solidify inside the
mold.The composition of “Sand” refractory is usually a mixture of high purity silica sand, bentonite clay,
organic additives, and water. The cavity is formed by packing the molding sand around a pattern by
ramming and squeezing. Holes and internal cavities in the casting are produced by placing an accurate
strong component called cores. After the refractory has compacted or chemically hardened, the mold is
opened at the parting line and pattern is removed. The two halves of the mold are placed together by
using a pin called dowel pins. Metal is poured into the mold cavity through a previously prepared opening
called pouring cup. It is allowed to cool till it completely solidi es, then the sand mold is broken and
casting is removed.

Generally the surface nish and dimensional accuracy of cast product depends upon type of casting. In
sand casting we do not get very good surface nish , surface roughness is 250 to 900 RMS.

Examples of Sand cast items are Pump Bearings and Cylinder liner sleeve.
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