UJIAN 1

Semester 1, Sidang Akademik 2010/2011

ERT 206 – TERMODINAMIK

ANSWER SCHEME: [THERMODYNAMICS]

Masa: 50 minit

Please make sure that this question paper has THREE [3] printed pages including
this front page before you start the test.

Answer ALL questions.

QUESTION 1

a) What is the difference between saturated vapor and superheated vapor? Is it possible
to have water vapor at -10 oC? Explain.

[15 Marks]
ANSWER

b) Ten kilograms of R-134a fill a 1.595 m3 weighted piston-cylinder device at a

temperature of -26.4 oC. The container is now heated until the temperature is 100 oC.
Determine the final volume of the R-134a.

[30 Marks]
ANSWER
c) The reading on a mercury manometer at 25 oC (298.15 K) (open to the atmosphere at
one end) is 56.38 cm. The local acceleration of gravity is 9.832 ms -2. Atmospheric
pressure is 101.78 kPa. What is the absolute pressure in kPa being measured? The
density of mercury at 25 oC (298.15 K) is 13.534 g cm-3.

ANSWER

[15 Marks]

QUESTION 2

(a) The laws of thermodynamics describe the transport of heat and work in
thermodynamic processes. Explain the differences between first law and second law
of thermodynamics.

First law of thermodynamics – energy can be converted from one form to another, but
cannot be created or destroyed and the total quantity of energy is constant.
(Eg: A stone is falling down from the highest place) – Potential energy converts to kinetic
energy.

Second law of thermodynamics – energy consist of quality and quantity where the real
processes normally occurred within the decreasing quality of energy.
(Eg: A cup of hot coffee become a cool coffee after a few minutes) - Energy with low
temperature.

[20 Marks]
(b) A heat pump is to be used to heat a building during the winter. The building is to be
maintained at 21 oC at all times. The building is estimated to be losing heat at a rate
of 135,000 kJ h-1 when the outside temperature drops to -5 oC. Determine the
minimum power required to drive the heat pump unit for this outside temperature. The
heat lost by the building has to be supplied by the heat pump.
[30 Marks]

ANSWER

kJ
Q H  Q Lost  135000
h
QH TH
COPHP  
QH  QL
  TH  TL
(21  273) K

(21  ( 5)) K
 11.31

Using the basic definition of the COP

Q H
COPHP 
W net , in
Q H
W net , in 
COPHP
135,000 kJ / h 1 h 1 kW

1131
. 3600s kJ / s
 3.316 kW

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