ABSTRACT:

Falling asleep at the wheel accounts for a sizable number of vehicle accidents under monotonous
conditions. Development of safety features to prevent sleepiness and drunkenness while driving is one
of the major technical challenges in the automobile industry. Especially in this modern age where
people are under serious work pressure has led to higher crash rates. Young adults are the most likely to
have these accidents, especially in the early morning , whereas older adults maybe more vulnerable in
the early afternoon. Driver's falling asleep are more likely to recollect having done so, but they are
aware of the precursory state of feeling sleepy. As normal, sleep does not occur spontaneously without
warning. Driving when drowsy can lead to higher crash risk than being in alert state. A system that can
accurately detect distracted driving would potentially be able to alert drivers, bringing their attention
back to the primary driving task and potentially saving lives. Therefore, by using assistive systems to
monitor driver's level of alertness can be of significant help in prevention of accidents. The main aim of
this proposed system is to reduce the number of accidents due to driver’s Sleepiness and alcohol intake
to increase the transportation safety. This project proposes a detection of driver’s sleepiness as well as
alcohol intoxication and subsequently alerting them.

KEYWORDS: sleepiness detection, Alcohol intoxication, OpenCv.

Introduction:
Driver Sleepiness and alcohol drinking is a significant factor in a large number of vehicle accidents.
According to research above 51% of drivers World wide drive their vehicle in a drowsy or sleepy state
and about 17% had actually fallen asleep. With an annually estimate of 1,200 deaths and 76,000
injuries attributed to driver drowsiness and alcohol drinking related crashes. As such development of
technologies for detecting or preventing sleepiness and drunkenness at the wheel is a major challenge
in the field of accident avoidance systems. The aim of this project is to develop a prototype drowsiness
detection system and alcohol detection system. From earlier research it is found that there are many
number of methods to detect the sleepiness condition, out of which some techniques are very popular
like change in position of driver which is detected by the camera, measuring physiological parameters
which involves analysis of vital signals such as eye blinking, yawning, gripping force on the wheel and
so on. But all these measuring techniques will check only the physical activities of the human. In some
cases, people will mentally sleep with eyes open for a few seconds. The focus of this project will be
placed on designing a system that will accurately monitor the open or closed state of the driver’s eyes
in real-time. By monitoring the eyes, it is believed that the symptoms of driver sleepiness and
drunkenness can be detected early enough to avoid an accident. This detection involves a sequence of
images of a face, and the observation of eye movements and blink patterns. As the project progressed,
the basis of the horizontal intensity changes idea. This facial characteristic is the center of the finding
the eyes on the face, which will allow the system to monitor the eyes and detect long periods of eye
closure. An explanation is given here of the eye detection procedure. After inputting a facial image,
pre-processing is first performed by binarizing the image. The top and sides of the face are detected to
narrow down the area of where the eyes exist. Using the sides of the face, the center of the face is
found, which will be used as a reference when comparing the left and right eyes. Moving down from
the top of the face, horizontal averages (average intensity value for each y coordinate) of the face area
are calculated. Large changes in the averages are used to define the eye area. The following explains
the eye detection procedure in the order of the processing operations. All images were generating in
Matlab using the image processing toolbox. The analysis of face images is a popular research area with
applications such as face recognition, virtual tools, and human identification security systems. This
project is focused on the localization of the eyes, which involves looking at the entire image of the face,
and determining the position of the eyes by a self developed image-processing algorithm. Once the
position of the eyes is located, the system is designed to determine whether the eyes are opened or
closed, and detect fatigue.