1.

7 Caùc pheùp bieán ñoåi töông ñöông maïch

1.7.1 Giôùi thieäu :

� Ñôn giaûn hoùa sô ñoà baèng caùch duøng caùc luaät bieán ñoåi, baûo
toaøn u,i ôû phaàn maïch coøn laïi.

� Cho lôøi giaûi nhanh choùng .

� Coù yù nghóa thöïc tieãn lôùn .

ECA - Ch1.7 1
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 1.7.2 Bieán ñoåi nguoàn lyù töôûng :

� Nguoàn aùp noái tieáp :

e1

n
e2 ≡ etd e td = ∑ ±ek
… k =1

en
� Xeùt daáu :

ECA - Ch1.7 2
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 1.7.2 Bieán ñoåi nguoàn lyù töôûng :

� Nguoàn doøng song song :

J1 J2 … Jn ≡ Jtd

n
J td = ∑ ± J k
k =1

� Xeùt daáu :

ECA - Ch1.7 3
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 1.7.2 Bieán ñoåi nguoàn lyù töôûng :

� Löu yù :

≡ e = e1 = e2

e1 e2
� Khoâng toàn taïi neáu e1 ≠ e2 .

≡ J = J1 = J2
J1
J2
� Khoâng toàn taïi neáu J1 ≠ J2 .
ECA - Ch1.7 4
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1.7.2 Bieán ñoåi nguoàn lyù töôûng :

� Nguoàn aùp song song nhaùnh :

≡
e e

� Nguoàn doøng noái tieáp nhaùnh :

J
≡
J
ECA - Ch1.7 5
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 1.7.3 Bieán ñoåi töông ñöông maïch ñieän trôû

a) Ñieän trôû noái noái tieáp :

n
R eq = ∑ R k
b) Ñieän daãn noái song song : k =1

n
Geq = ∑ G k
ECA - Ch1.7 k =1 6
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 �Ví duï: Töông ñöông maïch ñieän trôû

� Hai ñieän trôû noái song song :

R 1R 2
R eq =
R1 + R 2

ECA - Ch1.7 7
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 c) Bieán ñoåi ñieän trôû noái Y-∆ :

R∆1R∆ 2 (to − node) R1R2 + R1R3 + R3 R2

RY ( node) = R∆ =
R12 + R23 + R31 RY ( facing − node)
ECA - Ch1.7 8
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 1.7.4 Maïch chia aùp

a) Maïch goàm 2 ñieän trôû :

R1 R2
u1 = u u2 = u
R1 + R2 R1 + R2

b) Maïch goàm N ñieän trôû :

Rk
uk = N
u
∑R
i =1
i

ECA - Ch1.7 9
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 1.7.5 Maïch chia doøng

a) Maïch goàm 2 ñieän trôû :

R2 i0
i1 = i0 i2 = R1 i0
R1 + R2 R1 + R2
b) Maïch goàm N ñieän trôû :

RF
ik = i0
Rk 10
ECA - Ch1.7
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 1.7.6 Maïch nguoàn töông ñöông

Cho 2 maïng moät cöûa (laø 2 maïch nguoàn thöïc) :

1
u = E − R S .i i=J− u
RS

� Hai maïng moät cöûa laø töông ñöông neáu thoûa : E = R S .J

ECA - Ch1.7 11
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� Source Transformation :

+ + • The arrow of the

current source is
directed toward
the positive
-
(a) Independent source transform
- terminal of the
voltage source.

+ + • The source
transformation is
not possible when
R = 0 for voltage
- - source and R = ∞
(b) Dependent source transform for current source.

ECA - Ch1.7 12
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 1.7.7 Löu yù khi duøng bieán ñoåi töông ñöông

�Phaàn maïch bò bieán ñoåi khoâng ñöôïc chöùa tín hieäu bò phuï thuoäc.

�Chæ bieán ñoåi neáu ta dôøi tín hieäu bò phuï thuoäc ñoù ñi nôi khaùc.

ECA - Ch1.7 13
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