Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Researc

University of Basra for Oil and Gas

Department Oil and Gas Engineering

Subject: EOR

Report Name: Fire flooding

Group Name
Abbas ghafel Sabah
Ali Kareem Thamer
Ahmed Naaem Attieh
4th stage

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Abstract

Numerous oil fields are presently in progress using diverse enhanced oil
recovery (EOR) techniques worldwide, including chemical, thermal, and
miscible processes in addition additional hybrid methods. Fire flooding is
one of the thermal recovery method used for a profitable enhanced oil
recovery. Fire flooding is termed after the process where the air is
compressed and injected inside the well to get a combustion zone or fire
front in the petroleum in the reservoir surrounding the injection well. The
developed fire front propagates in a radially expanding manner away
from the injection well. The energy liberated out in the form of heat will
help in reduction of the viscosity of oil, cracks some higher molecular
weight hydrocarbons into smaller ones, vaporizes some lighter
hydrocarbons to help miscibly displace oil and also produces steam that
may steam distill the trapped oil. Thus, the fire flooding along with
decreasing the mobility ratio, will be helpful in producing the improved
oil. On the other hand, the gases produced due to combustion and
nitrogen present in air displace the oil towards reservoir away from fire
front again enhancing production. Fire flooding can be a good option in
comparison to other enhanced oil recovery methods because of having a
flexibility in the used both for the very high and less viscous oils. The fire
flooding will be effective on the economics basis as there is no
requirement of any other utility except air for the process. There are some
limitations also attached with the fire flooding. It can be applied only to
reservoirs with high permeability, high porosity and oil saturation and has
poor sweep efficiency in thick formations. Also, if excessive coke is
deposited the rate of advancement of combustion zone will be slow and
more air will be required. During the process there are the formation of
flue gases, which will again be leading to some environmental problems.
The present study deals with the various aspects of fire flooding as a
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potential source of enhanced oil recovery and also discussing various
solutions which will help the process to overcome its limitations.The
invention relates to a viscous oil exploitation method, in particular to a
fire flooding oil exploitation method used for gas injection by a vertical
well and oil exploitation by horizontal well. The invention adopts the
compound well-layout manner of steam injection by vertical wells and
oil exploitation by horizontal wells, which means that six vertical wells
are for gas injection and two oil exploitation wells for oil exploitation, or
nine vertical wells for gas injection and three oil exploitation wells for oil
exploitation. When the wells are drilled, the vertical wells are drilled
until they reach the half thickness of an oil layer, and gas is injected
above the half thickness of the oil layer. The horizontal wells are under
the half thickness of the oil layer. The gas-cap pressure produced by
burning of the gas-injected oil layer of the above vertical wells presses
the crude oil of the lower part, while the crude oil flows to the horizontal
well sections by the self-gravity and then is exploited from the
exploitation wells . The invention overcomes the shortcoming that gas
channeling can be easily formed horizontally along an oil layer in a high-
penetration passage inside the oil layer, and promotes the final recovery
rate of the oil layer through fire flooding by fifteen percent.

Claims

1. one kind is used for the fire flood method that vertical is annotated
the oil recovery of carbonated drink horizontal well, and it is
characterized in that: described method comprises the steps:

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One, fire flood well combined type well group and viscous crude oil
reservoir thickness are selected:

combined type well group: vertical is annotated the compound mode

of vapour well and the compound well group of horizontal well
production, promptly is drilled with six mouthfuls of vertical and
annotates vapour well in a plane well group, and two mouthfuls of
producing wells or nine mouthfuls of vertical are annotated the
vapour well, and three mouthfuls of producing wells are exploited;

Viscous crude core intersection and characteristic are selected,

viscosity of thickened oil value: 5000～100,000 MPaS, density: 0.95～
1g/m 3, freezing point: ± 10 ℃, thickness are at the viscous crude oil
reservoir more than 10 meters;

vertical annotates vapour wells and is drilled into the above position
of oil reservoir 1/2 thickness and annotates vapour, horizontal well is
positioned at the bottom of vertical group oil reservoir 1/2 thickness;

Two, adopt steam injection to stimulate sparking mode, by steamed

well the concrete ignition method of lighting a fire of viscous crude oil
reservoir in the well is seen application number " 2005101308608; a
kind of stimulated ignition method for fire-flooding driven oil well ",
make the oily spontaneous combustion of its inside, rock stratum,
subsequently, the air oxidation agent of reinjecting heating oil
reservoir, heat that fluid produced and CO 2Air accumulation is in the
top of oil horizon, and pneumatic jack is pressed in above the heavy
oil tested layer in forming, and forces crude oil to flow under own wt
in the horizontal well by extraction.

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 2. a kind of vertical that is used for according to claim 1 is
annotated the fire flood method that the carbonated drink
horizontal well recovers the oil, and it is characterized in that: it
is 700 meters that the vertical in the described combined type
well group is annotated vapour well (2) well spacing, and the
producing well well spacing is 1km .

Description

A kind of vertical that is used for is annotated the fire flood method that
the carbonated drink horizontal well recovers the oil

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of thickened oil recovery

method; Especially a kind of vertical that is used for is annotated the fire
flood method that the carbonated drink horizontal well recovers the oil.

Background technology:

Viscous crude is the important component part in the petroleum

hydrocarbon energy, has than the great potential of conventional crude
resource up to several times.China's viscous crude aboundresources,
distributed more widely, the Liaohe Oil Field is the main heavy oil
development district of China, and the oil reservoir type is more, and
buried depth alters a great deal.(see petroleum industry publishing
house, Han Xianqing improves oil recovery basis 1,993 131 157-160) in
addition, because the viscosity of thickened oil high density is big, flow
resistance is big in the exploitation, displacement efficiency, and volume

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of oil efficient is also low, is difficult to exploit with conventional
method.Though adopt thermal process such as steam flooding, steam
soak, combustion in situ and viscous crude fireflood, the vertical
peupendicular hole is annotated vapour, the vertical oil production
method, can a spot of underground crude oil of extraction, but owing to
be subjected to the viscous crude interlayer contradiction, contradiction
in the layer, horizontal contradiction, inhomogeneous Deng the heavy oil
tested layer lithology, and the influence of the high infiltration of
lithology band, therefore when annotating vapour, be difficult to
steaming process to the pit shaft heating and utilize the SIGD oil
production method to overcome gas string phenomenon on the plane,
rock stratum, steam is easily in the higher layer bit flow of permeability,
hyposmosis lithology oil displacement efficiency is undesirable, finally
influences the raising of recovery ratio, if use fireflood horizontal well
production method instead, can change the influence of high
permeability zone, improve ultimate recovery about 15%, this method is
in special reservoirs volume the 5th phase relevant horizontal segment
air injection technology October the 10th in 2003, and the combination
of injecting well and horizontal production well had report, but
horizontal segment air injection (THAI) refers to the thin oil medium, and
the well group combination also has essence different with the
application.

Summary of the invention:

Purpose of the present invention is in order to overcome above-

mentioned shortcoming, and a kind of vertical that is used for that
provides is annotated the fire flood method that the carbonated drink
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horizontal well recovers the oil, it is interior owing to the
inhomogeneous interlayer contradiction that causes of lithology to
overcome heavy oil wells, and contradiction and horizontal contradiction
in the layer make ultimate recovery improve about 15%.This method is
not reported by retrieval.

Technical solution of the present invention:

For realizing above-mentioned task, this method takes following steps

to finish:

One, fire flood well combined type well group and viscous crude core
intersection are selected:

1, combined type well group: adopt vertical to annotate the compound

mode of vapour and the compound well group of horizontal well
production, promptly be drilled with six mouthfuls of vertical and
annotate the vapour well in a plane well group, two mouthfuls of
producing wells or nine mouthfuls of vertical are annotated the vapour
well, and three mouthfuls of producing wells are exploited;

Viscous crude core intersection and characteristic are selected, viscosity

of thickened oil value: 5000～100,000 MPaS, density: 0.95～1g/m 3,
freezing point: ± 10 ℃, thickness are at the viscous crude oil reservoir
more than 10 meters;

2, vertical notes vapour well is drilled into the above position of oil
reservoir 1/2 thickness and annotates vapour, and horizontal well is
positioned at the bottom of vertical group oil reservoir 1/2 thickness;

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Two, adopt steam injection to stimulate sparking mode, by steamed well
heavy oil tested layer in the well is carried out ignition method and see
application number " 2005101308608, a kind of stimulated ignition
method for fire-flooding driven oil well ".Make the oily spontaneous
combustion of its inside, rock stratum, subsequently, the air oxidation
agent of reinjecting heating oil reservoir, heat that fluid produced and
CO 2Air accumulation forms interior pneumatic jack, is pressed in above
the heavy oil tested layer in the top of oil horizon, forces crude oil to
flow into extraction in the horizontal well under own wt, because
horizontal hole is horizontally through heavy oil tested layer, therefore
exploitation all is not subjected to lithologic character controlling, can
effectively improve ultimate recovery.

It is 700 meters that vertical in the described combined type well group
is annotated vapour well well spacing, and the producing well well
spacing is 1km, and taking this hole pattern is for giving full play to the
efficient of viscous crude fireflood, improving oil recovery factor to
greatest extent.

The advantage that the present invention compared with prior art has is:

Because this method is to utilize steam injection stimulation point

ignition method, the displacement of reservoir oil of lighting a fire in
vertical is annotated the vapour well utilizes then at oil reservoir top
vertical and annotates the CO that is produced behind the vapour 2Gas is
squeezed in the top of oil horizon and forms interior pneumatic jack,
under the effect of crude oil self gravitation oily stream is flowed in the
horizontal well by extraction in interior gas-cap drive and layer.Because
there is not the preferential path in the inner lithology of net horizontal
section oil reservoir, can not cause the has channeling of oil reservoir

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horizontal direction, thereby can improve the ultimate recovery of oil
reservoir.

In addition, it is comparatively easy that the vertical that this method

adopts is annotated the vapour method, can make full use of OW effect
(needn't beat new well again) again, has small investment, and instant
effect improves ultimate recovery 15%.

Description of drawings:

Accompanying drawing 1 is a work schematic diagram of the present

invention.

the 1st annotates vapour well, three mouthfuls of producing well well
location distribution maps for nine mouthfuls among the present
invention.

-the 2nd annotates vapour well, two mouthfuls of producing well well
location distribution maps for six mouthfuls among the present
invention.

producing well, 2, vertical annotates the vapour well, 3, the viscous

crude oil reservoir, 4, horizontal well, 5, vertical forms.

The specific embodiment:

The present invention is provided by following examples, is described

further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

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the fire flood method is to adopt vertical to annotate the compound well
group of oil recovery of vapour well 2 and horizontal well 4, hole pattern
is furnished with in a plane well group promptly that six mouthfuls of
vertical are annotated 2, two mouthfuls of producing wells 1 of vapour
well or nine mouthfuls of vertical are annotated the vapour wells, three
mouthfuls of producing wells are exploited.

, viscous crude oil reservoir 3 thickness transitivities are selected:

viscosity of thickened oil value 5000～100,000 MPaS, density: 0.95～
1g/m 3, freezing point: ± 10 ℃, thickness are at the viscous crude oil
reservoir more than 10 meters;

vertical notes vapour well 2 is drilled into the above position of oil
reservoir 1/2 thickness and annotates vapour, and horizontal well 4 is
positioned at the bottom of vertical group 5 oil reservoirs 1/2 thickness;

Embodiment 2:

The fire flood method sparking mode that described vertical is

annotated the oil recovery of carbonated drink horizontal well is that
steam injection stimulates igniting, application number: "
2005101308608 ", it is a kind ofly by steamed well viscous crude oil
steam in jection and air in the well to be implemented igniting, after the
oil reservoir heating, by heat and and the CO that fluid produced 2Air
accumulation is in the top of oil horizon, form interior pneumatic jack,
be pressed in above the heavy oil tested layer, force crude oil under own
wt, to flow into extraction in the horizontal well, because horizontal hole
is horizontally through heavy oil tested layer, therefore annotate the

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influence that vapour exploitation is not subjected to lithologic character
controlling, can effectively improve ultimate recovery.

Embodiment 3:

Best recovery ratio choose reasonable vertical is annotated the vapour

well and the producing well distance is crucial in order to reach, well
spacing is 700 meters between the notes vapour well 2 in the vertical for
this reason, the producing well well spacing is 1km, vertical is annotated
the vapour well in addition and producing well also can select the four-
hole vertical to annotate the vapour well, a bite producing well and eight
mouthfuls of vertical are annotated the vapour well, and three
mouthfuls of producing wells are that a well group carries out fire flood.

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