PERHITUNGAN NERACA ENERGI

 Perhitungan panas untuk bahan dalam fasa cair/gas

Qi/o = ∫ n . Cp. dT (Van Ness, 1975)

T =298

Data perhitungan Cp untuk air:

Cpl = 18,2964 + 0,472118 T + (-0,00133878) T2 + 0,000001314 T3
(Reklaitis,1983)
Cpv = 7,9857 + 0,00046332 T + 1,402810-6 T2 + (-6,5784),10-10 T3
(Reklaitis,1983)

Data perhitungan Cp untuk abu:

Cp = 0,1800 + 0,000078 T (Reklaitis,1983)

Data perhitungan Cp untuk HCl:

Cpl = 17,7227 + 0,904261 T + (-0,00564496) T2 + (1,13383),10-5 T3
(Reklaitis,1983)
Cpv = 6,969 + (-2,236),10-4 T + (7,333),10-7 T2 + (-1,776),10-5 T3
(Reklaitis,1983)

Tabel L.B.1 Kontribusi Gugus untuk Perhitungan ΔHf298 (kJ/mol)

Gugus Nilai
-CH2- -26,80
I
--CH-- 8,67

-OH -208,04
-O- -138,16
(Sumber: Perry, 1999)

Nilai ΔHf 298 untuk senyawa bio-polimer

1. Glukosa (C6H12O6)
‫׀‬
ΔHf298 = 5(-OH) + 5(-CH-) + 1 (- O -) + 1 (- CH2 -)
= -1049,55 kJ/mol
= -5830,8333 kJ/kg
 2. Pati (C6H10O5)
‫׀‬
ΔHf298 = 3(-OH) + 5(-CH-) + 2 (- O -) + 1 (- CH2 -)
= -772,71 kJ/mol
= -4769,8148 kJ/kg

Nilai kapasitas panas (Cp) untuk senyawa bio-polimer:

1. Pati (C6H10O5)
‫׀‬ ‫׀‬ ‫׀‬
Cp = 1(-CH2OH) + 1(-O-) + 1(-CH2-) + 2(-CHOH) + 1(-CHOH) + 1(-CHOH)
= 1(17,5) + 1(8,4) + 1(6,2) + 2(18,2) + 1(4,4) + 1(26,6)
= 99,5 kal/mol,K = 2,5698 kJ/kg.K

2. Serat ((C6H10O5)n
‫׀‬ ‫׀‬ ‫׀‬
Cp = 1(-CH2OH) + 1(-O-) + 1(-CH2-) + 2(-CHOH) + 1(-CHOH) + 1(-CHOH)
= 1(17,5) + 1(8,4) + 1(6,2) + 2(18,2) + 1(4,4) + 1(26,6)
= 99,5 kal/mol,K = 2,5698 kJ/kg.K

3. Protein (CH3(CHNH2) COOH)

H O
‫׀‬ ‫׀‬ ‫׀׀‬
Cp = 1(H-N-) + 16(-CH2-) + 1(-C-OH) + 1(-CH-)
= 1(8,8) + 16(7,26) + 1(19,1)
= 144,06 kal/mol,K = 2,5719 kJ/kg.K

4. Lemak
a. Asam palmitat (10%) (CH3(CH2)14(COOH)
O
‫׀׀‬
Cp = 1(-CH3) + 14(-CH2-) + 1(-CH2-) + 1(-C-OH)
= 1(8,8) + 14(7,26) + 1(19,1)
= 129,54 kal/mol,K = 2,1136 kJ/kg.K
b. Asam stearat (3%) (CH3(CH2)16 COOH
O
‫׀׀‬
Cp = 1(-CH3) + 16(-CH2-) + 1(-C-OH)
= 1(8,8) + 16(7,26) + 1(19,1)
= 144,06 kal/mol,K = 2,1188 kJ/kg.K

c. Asam oleat (30%) (CH3(CH2)7CHCH(CH2)7COOH

O
‫׀׀‬ ‫׀׀‬
Cp = 1(-CH3) + 14(-CH2-) + 1(-CH2-) + 1(-C-OH) + 2(-C-H)
= 1(8,8) + 14(7,26) + 1(19,1) + 2(5,10)
= 139,74 kal/mol,K = 2,0699 kJ/kg.K

5. Glukosa (C6H12O6)
‫׀‬ ‫׀‬
Cp = 1(-CH2OH) + 1(-O-) + 1(-OH) + 2(-CH) + 3(-CHOH)
‫׀‬ ‫׀‬
= 1(8,4) + 1(8,4) + 1(10,7) + 2(4,4) + 3(18,2)
= 100 kal/mol K = 2,3444 kJ/kg.K

6. Hidroksi metil furfural (C6H6O3)

--C=O ‫׀‬
Cp = 1(-O-) + 1(-CH2OH) + 1 ( ‫׀‬ ) + 2(-CH=) + 2(-C=)
H
= 1(8,4) + 1(17,5) + 1(12,66) + 2(5,3) + 2(2,9)
= 54,96 kal/mol K = 1,8250 kJ/kg.K

7. Fruktosa (C6H12O6)
‫׀‬ ‫׀‬ ‫׀‬
Cp = 1(-O-) + 2(-CH2OH) + 1(-CH) + 2(-CHOH) + 1(-C-OH)
‫׀‬ ‫׀‬
= 1(8,4) + 2(17,5) + 1(4,4) + 2(18,2) + 1(26,6)
= 110,8 kal/mol K = 2,5755 kJ/k.K
Panas penguapan (Hvl)

H2O = 40656,2 J/mol = 2258,6778 kJ/kg (Reklaitis,1983)

HCl = 16150,3 J/mol = 442,4658 kJ/kg (Reklaitis,1983

1. Tangki Perebusan

Temperatur basis = 25°C = 298 K

303 303 303

Panas Masuk = F1Pati ∫ Cp. dT + F1air ∫ Cp. dT + F1protein ∫ Cp. dT +

298 298 298

303 303 303

F1abu ∫ Cp. dT + F1lemak ∫ Cp. dT + F1serat ∫ Cp. dT +
298 298 298

303

F2air ∫ Cp. dT
298

= (887,6263 kg/jam) (12,849 kJ/kg) + (132,5758 kg/jam) (21 kJ/kg)

+ (130,0505 kg/jam) (12,8595 kJ/kg) + (21,4646 kg/jam) (7,0217
kJ/kg) + (63,1313 kg/jam) (13,2345 kJ/kg) + (27,7778 kg/jam)
(12,849 kJ/kg) + (631,3131 kg/jam) (21 kJ/kg)
= 30.462,3078 kJ/jam

323 323 323

Panas Keluar = F3Pati ∫ Cp. dT + F3air ∫ Cp. dT + F3protein ∫ Cp. dT +
298 298 298

323 323 323

F3abu ∫ Cp. dT + F3lemak ∫ Cp. dT + F3serat ∫ Cp. dT

298 298 298

= (887,6263 kg/jam) (64,2450 kJ/kg) + (763,8889 kg/jam) (105

kJ/kg) + (130,0505 kg/jam) (64,2975 kJ/kg) + (21,4646 kg/jam)
(35,3715 kJ/kg) + (63,1313 kg/jam) (66,1725 kJ/kg) + (27,7778
kg/jam) (64,2450 kJ/kg)
= 152.317,184 kJ/jam

Panas yang dilepas steam (Q) = Qo – Qi

 = Keluar-Masuk
= (152.317,184-30.462,3078) kJ/Jam
= 121854,8762 kJ /Jam
Superheated steam pada 1 atm, 150 ̊ C, H (150 ̊ C) = 2776,3 kJ/Kg
(Reklaitis, 1983)
Saturated steam pada 1 atm, 100 ̊ C, HV (100 ̊ C) = 2676 kJ/Kg
(Reklaitis, 1983)
HL (100 ̊ C) = 419,064 kJ/Kg
(Reklaitis, 1983)
Lamda = [H (150 ̊ C) – Hv (100 ̊ C)] + [Hv (100 ̊ C) – Hl (100 ̊ C)]
= (2776,3-2676) + (2676-419,064)
= 2357,236 kJ/kg
Jumlah steam yang diperlukan (m) = Q/lamda
121854,8762kJ /Jam
=
2357,236 kJ /kg
= 51,694 kg/jam

2. Reaktor Hidrolisis
323 323 323
Panas Masuk = F4Pati ∫ Cp. dT + F4Air ∫ Cp. dT + F4Protein ∫ Cp. dT + F4Abu
298 298 298

323 323 323 303

∫ Cp. dT + F 4Lemak ∫ Cp. dT + F 4Serat ∫ Cp. dT + F5Air ∫ Cp. dT

298 298 298 298

303
+ F5HCL ∫ Cp. dT
298

= (887,6263 kg/jam) (64,2450 kJ/kg) + (763,8889 kg/jam) (105

kJ/kg) + (130,0505 kg/jam) (64,2975 kJ/kg) + (21,4646 kg/jam)
(35,41 kJ/kg) + (63,1313 kg/jam) (66,1725 kJ/kg) + (27,7778
kg/jam) (64,2450 kJ/kg) + (238,6364 kg/jam) (21 kJ/kg) +
(140,1515 kg/jam) (11,9831 kJ/kg)
= 159.008,8242 kJ/jam
 353 353 353
Panas Keluar = F 6HCL ∫ Cp. dT + F6Pati ∫ Cp. dT + F6Air ∫ Cp. dT + F 6Protein
298 298 298

353 353 353 353

∫ Cp. dT + F6Abu ∫ Cp. dT + F6Lemak ∫ Cp. dT + F6Serat ∫ Cp. dT +

298 298 298 298

353
F6Glukosa ∫ Cp. dT
298

= (140,1515 kg/jam) (131,8141 kJ/kg) + (17,75253 kg/jam)

(141,3390 kJ/kg) + (905,8726 kg/jam) (231 kJ/kg) + (130,0505
kg/jam) (141,4545 kJ/kg) + (21,4646 kg/jam) (77,902 kJ/kg) +
(63,1313 kg/jam) (145,5795 kJ/kg) + (27,7778 kg/jam)
(141,3390 kJ/kg) + (966,5264 kg/jam) (128,942 kJ/kg)
= 388.050,5596 kJ/jam

Reaksi: C6H10O5 + H2O → C6H12O6

Panas reaksi pada suhu 25 ̊ C (298 K)

r = 1043,8485 kg/jam
r. ΔHr25 = [(-5830,8333) - (-4769,8148 + (-13564,6272))] kJ/kg x 1043,8485
kg/jam
= 13.051.873,19 kJ/jam

Panas yang dilepas steam (Q) = r. ΔHr 25 + (Qo - Qi)

= 13.051.873,19 + (388.050,5596-159.008,8242)
= 13.280.914,92 kJ/jam
Superheated steam pada 1 atm, 150 ̊ C, H (150 ̊ C) = 2776,3 KJ/Kg
(Reklaitis, 1983)
Saturated steam pada 1 atm, 100 ̊ C, HV (100 ̊ C) = 2676 KJ/Kg
(Reklaitis, 1983)
HL (100 ̊ C) = 419,064 KJ/Kg
(Reklaitis, 1983)
Lamda = [H (150 ̊ C) – Hv (100 ̊ C)] + [Hv (100 ̊ C) – Hl (100 ̊ C)]
= [2776,3-2676,1] + [2676,1-419,04]
= 2357,236 kJ/kg
13.280.914,92 kJ / jam
Jumlah steam yang diperlukan (m) = Q/lamda =
2357,236 kJ /kg

= 5634,1049 kg/jam

3. Cooler-01
Temperatur basis = 25°C = 298 K
Panas masuk ke Cooler = panas keluar Reaktor = 388.050,5596 kJ/jam

333 333 333

Panas Keluar = F7HCL ∫ Cp. dT + F7Pati ∫ Cp. dT + F7Air ∫ Cp. dT + F7Protein
298 298 298

333 333 333 333

∫ Cp. dT + F ∫ Cp. dT + F
7Abu 7Lemak ∫ Cp. dT + F 7Serat ∫ Cp. dT +
298 298 298 298

333 333
F7Glukosa ∫ Cp. dT + F7HMF ∫ Cp. dT
298 298

= (140,1515 kg/jam) (83,8817 kJ/kg) + (17,75253 kg/jam)

(89,9430 kJ/kg) + (905,8726 kg/jam) (147 kJ/kg) + (130,0505
kg/jam) (90,0165 kJ/kg) + (21,4646 kg/jam) (49,574 kJ/kg) +
(63,1313 kg/jam) (92,6415 kJ/kg) + (27,7778 kg/jam) (89,9430
kJ/kg) + (956,8611 kg/jam) (82,054 kJ/kg) + (9,6653 kg/jam)
(63,8750 kJ/kg)
= 246.765,5597 kJ/jam
Panas yang diserap air pendingin (Q) = Qo–Qi
 = (246.765,5597-388.050,5596) kJ/jam
= - 141.284,9999 kJ/jam
H(25°C) = 2528,9566 kJ/kg (Reklaitis, 1983)
H(50°C) = 2576,4251 kJ/kg (Reklaitis, 1983)
Lamda = H[25°C] – H[50°C]
= (2528,9566 – 2578,4251) kJ/kg
= -49,4685 kJ/kg
Jumlah air pendingin yang diperlukan (m) = Q/lamda
−141.284,9999 kJ / jam
=
−49,4685 kJ /kg
= 2.856,0599 kg/jam
4. Heater-01
333 333 333
Panas Masuk = F13HCL ∫ Cp. dT + F13Pati ∫ Cp. dT + F13Air ∫ Cp. dT + F 13Protein
298 298 298

333 333 333

∫ Cp. dT + F13Lemak ∫ Cp. dT + F13Glukosa ∫ Cp. dT + F13HMF

298 298 298

333

∫ Cp. dT
298

= (140,1515 kg/jam) (83,8817 kJ/kg) + (17,75253 kg/jam)

(89,9430 kJ/kg) + (901,3432 kg/jam) (147 kJ/kg) + (0,0033
kg/jam) (90,0165 kJ/kg) + (62,8156 kg/jam) (92,6415 kJ/kg) +
(952,0768 kg/jam) (82,054 kJ/kg) + (9,6653 kg/jam) (63,8750
kJ/kg)
= 230.409,0215 kJ/jam
 353 353 353
Panas Keluar = F14HCL ∫ Cp. dT + F14Pati ∫ Cp. dT + F14Air ∫ Cp. dT + F 14Protein
298 298 298

353 353 353

∫ Cp. dT + F14Lemak ∫ Cp. dT + F14Glukosa ∫ Cp. dT + F14HMF

298 298 298

353

∫ Cp. dT
298

= (140,1515 kg/jam) (131,8141 kJ/kg) + (17,75253 kg/jam)

(141,339 kJ/kg) + (901,3432 kg/jam) (231 kJ/kg) + (0,0033
kg/jam) (141,4545 kJ/kg) + (62,8156 kg/jam) (145,5795 kJ/kg)
+ (952,0768 kg/jam) (128,942 kJ/kg) + (9,6653 kg/jam)
(100,3750 kJ/kg)
= 362.071,3195 kJ/jam
Panas yang dilepas steam (Q) = Qo – Qi
= (362.071,3195-230.409,0215) kJ/jam
= 131.662,298 kJ/jam
Superheated steam pada 1 atm, 150°C, H (150°C) = 2776,3 kJ/Kg
(Reklaitis, 1983)
Saturated steam pada 1 atm, 100°C, HV (100°C) = 2676 kJ/Kg
(Reklaitis, 1983)
HL (100°C) = 419,064 kJ/Kg
(Reklaitis,
1983)
Lamda = [H(150°C) – Hv (100°C)] + [Hv (100°C) – Hl(100°C)]
= [2776,3-2676] + [2676-419,064]
= 2357,236 kJ/kg
131.662,298 kJ / jam
Jumlah steam yang diperlukan (m) = Q/lamda =
2357,236 kJ /kg

= 55,8545 kg/jam
5. Evaporator-1
Panas masuk ke Evaporator-01 = Panas keluar Heater-01
= 362.071,3195 kJ/jam
 3 76 3 76 376

Panas Keluar = F16Pati ∫ Cp. dT + F16Air ∫ Cp. dT + F 16Protein ∫ Cp. dT + F 16Lemak

298 298 298

3 76 3 76 376

∫ Cp. dT + F16Glukosa ∫ Cp. dT + F16HMF ∫ Cp. dT + F15Air

298 298 298

3 76 3 76

∫ Cp. dT + HVL + F15HCL ∫ Cp. dT + H VL

298 298

= (17,7525 kg/jam) (200,4444 kJ/kg) + (405,6044 kg/jam) (327,6

kJ/kg) + (0,0033 kg/jam) (200,6082 kJ/kg) + (62,8156 kg/jam)
(206,4582 kJ/kg) + (952,0768 kg/jam) (182,8632 kJ/kg) +
(9,6653 kg/jam) (142,3500 kJ/kg) + (495,73876 kg/jam) (327,6
kJ/kg) + (2258,6778 kJ/kg) + (140,1515 kg/jam) (186,9364
kJ/kg) + (442,4658 kJ/kg)
= 1.695.209,326 kJ/jam
Panas yang dilepas steam (Q) = Qo– Qi
= (1.695.209,326-362.071,3195) kJ/jam
= 1.333.138,007 kJ/jam
Superheated steam pada 1 atm, 150°C, H (150°C) = 2776,3 kJ/Kg
(Reklaitis, 1983)
Saturated steam pada 1 atm, 100°C, HV (100°C) = 2676 kJ/Kg
(Reklaitis, 1983)
HL (100°C) = 419,064 kJ/Kg
(Reklaitis, 1983)
Lamda = [H(150°C) – Hv (100°C)] + [Hv (100°C) – Hl(100°C)]
= [2776,3-2676] + [2676-419,064]
= 2357,236 kJ/kg
Jumlah steam yang diperlukan (m) = Q/lamda
1.333.138,007 kJ / jam
=
2357,236 kJ /kg
= 565,5514 kg/jam
6. Cooler-2
3 76 3 76 3 76

Panas Masuk = F16Pati ∫ Cp. dT + F16Air ∫ Cp. dT + F16Protein ∫ Cp. dT + F 16Lemak

298 298 298

3 76 3 76 3 76

∫ Cp. dT + F16Glukosa ∫ Cp. dT + F16HMF ∫ Cp. dT

298 298 298

= (17,7525 kg/jam) (200,4444 kJ/kg) + (405,6044 kg/jam) (327,6

kJ/kg) + (0,0033 kg/jam) (200,6082 kJ/kg) + (62,8156 kg/jam)

(206,4582 kJ/kg) + (952,0768 kg/jam) (182,8632 kJ/kg) +

(9,6653 kg/jam) (142,3500 kJ/kg)

= 324.879,5141 kJ/jam
333 333 353

Panas Keluar = F17Pati ∫ Cp. dT + F17Air ∫ Cp. dT + F 17Protein ∫ Cp. dT + F 17Lemak

298 298 298

333 333 353

∫ Cp. dT + F 17Glukosa ∫ Cp. dT + F 17HMF ∫ Cp. dT

298 298 298

= (17,7525 kg/jam) (89,9430 kJ/kg) + (405,6044 kg/jam) (147

kJ/kg) + (0,0033 kg/jam) (90,0165 kJ/kg) + (62,8156 kg/jam)

(92,6415 kJ/kg) + (952,0768 kg/jam) (82,054 kJ/kg) + (9,6653

kg/jam) (63,8750 kJ/kg)

= 145.779,2692 kJ/jam

Panas yang diserap air pendingin (Q) = Qo– Qi

= (145.779,2692-324.879,5141) kJ/jam
= - 179.100,2449 kJ/jam
H(25°C) = 2528,9566 kJ/kg
(Reklaitis, 1983)
H(50°C) = 2576,4251 kJ/kg
 (Reklaitis, 1983)
Lamda = H[25°C] – H[50°C]
= 2528,9566 – 2576,4251
= -47,4685 kJ/kg
Jumlah air pendingin yang diperlukan (m) = Q/lamda
−179.100,2449 kJ / jam
=
−47,4685 kJ /kg
= 3.773,0336 kg/jam
7. Evaporator-2
333 333 3 33

Panas Masuk = F20Pati ∫ Cp. dT + F20Air ∫ Cp. dT + F 20Protein ∫ Cp. dT + F 20Lemak

298 298 298

333 333

∫ Cp. dT + F 20Glukosa ∫ Cp. dT

298 298

= (17,7525 kg/jam) (89,9430 kJ/kg) + (405,6044 kg/jam) (147

kJ/kg) + (0,0033 kg/jam) (90,0165 kJ/kg) + (62,8156 kg/jam)

(92,6415 kJ/kg) + (952,0768 kg/jam) (82,054 kJ/kg)

= 145.161,8981 kJ/jam
383 383 383
Panas Keluar = F23Pati ∫ Cp .dT + F23Air ∫ Cp .dT + F 23Protein ∫ Cp .dT + F 23Lemak
298 298 298

383 383 383

∫ Cp .dT + F 23Glukosa ∫ Cp .dT + F 22Air ∫ Cp .dT + F 22Air. HVL

298 298 298

= (17,7525 kg/jam) (218,433 kJ/kg) + (89,2330 kg/jam) (357

kJ/kg) + (0,0033 kg/jam) (218,6115 kJ/kg) + (62,8156 kg/jam)

(224,9865 kJ/kg) + (952,0768 kg/jam) (199,274 kJ/kg) +

(316,3714 kg/jam) (357 kJ/kg) + (316,3714 kg/jam) (2258,6778

kJ/kg)

= 1.067.117,096 kJ/jam
Panas yang dilepas steam (Q) = Qo–Qi
= (1.067.117,096-145.161,8981) kJ/jam
= 921.955,1979 kJ/jam
Superheated steam pada 1 atm, 150°C, H (150°C) = 2776,3 kJ/kg
(Reklaitis, 1983)
Saturated steam pada 1 atm, 100°C, HV (100°C) = 2676 kJ/kg
(Reklaitis, 1983)
HL (100°C) = 419,064 kJ/kg
(Reklaitis, 1983)

Lamda = [H(150°C) – Hv (100°C)] + [Hv (100°C) – Hl (100°C)]

= [2776,3-2676] + [2676-419,064]
= 2357,236 kJ/kg
Jumlah steam yang diperlukan (m) = Q/lamda
921.955,1979 kJ / jam
=
2357,236 kJ /kg
= 391,1171 kg/jam

8. Cooler-3
383 383 383

Panas Masuk = F21Pati ∫ Cp .dT + F21Air ∫ Cp .dT + F21Protein ∫ Cp .dT + F 21Lemak

298 298 298

383 383

∫ Cp .dT + F21Glukosa ∫ Cp .dT

298 298

= (17,7525 kg/jam) (218,4330 kJ/kg) + (405,6044 kg/jam) (357

kJ/kg) + (0,0033 kg/jam) (218,6115 kJ/kg) + (62,8156 kg/jam)

(224,9865 kJ/kg) + (952,0768 kg/jam) (199,274 kJ/kg)

= 339.972,9183 kJ/kg
 333 333 333
Panas Keluar = F23Pati ∫ Cp. dT + F23Air ∫ Cp. dT + F 23Protein ∫ Cp. dT + F 23Lemak
298 298 298

333 333

∫ Cp. dT + F23Glukosa ∫ Cp. dT

298 298

= (17,7525 kg/jam) (89,9430 kJ/kg) + (405,6044 kg/jam) (147

kJ/kg) + (0,0033 kg/jam) (90,0165 kJ/kg) + (62,8156 kg/jam)

(92,6415 kJ/kg) + (952,0768 kg/jam) (82,054 kJ/kg)

= 145.161,8981 kJ/jam

Panas yang diserap air pendingin (Q) = Qo– Qi

= (145.161,8981-339.972,9183) kJ/jam
= - 194.811,0202 kJ/jam
H(25°C) = 2528,9566 kJ/kg (Reklaitis, 1983)
H(50°C) = 2576,4251 kJ/kg (Reklaitis, 1983)

Lamda = H[25°C] – H[50°C]

= 2528,9566 – 2576,4251
= -47,4685 kJ/kg
Jumlah air pendingin yang diperlukan (m) = Q/lamda
−194.811,0202 kJ / jam
=
−47,4685 kJ /kg
= 4.104,00624 kg/jam

9. Kristalizer
Panas masuk ke Kristalizer = panas keluar Cooler-03
= 145.161,8981 kJ/jam
 288 288 288
Panas Keluar = F25Pati ∫ Cp. dT + F25Air ∫ Cp. dT + F 25Protein ∫ Cp. dT + F 25Lemak
298 298 298

288 288 288

∫ Cp. dT + F25Glukosa ∫ Cp. dT + F25Molase ∫ Cp. dT + F24Molase

298 298 298

288 288

∫ Cp. dT + F24Air ∫ Cp. dT

298 298

= (17,7525 kg/jam) (-25,698 kJ/kg) + (53,5398 kg/jam) (-42 kJ/kg)

+ (0,0033 kg/jam) (-25,719 kJ/kg) + (62,8156 kg/jam) (-26,469

kJ/kg) + (727,7006 kg/jam) (-23,444 kJ/kg) + (22,4376 kg/jam)

(-25,755 kJ/kg) + (201,9386 kg/jam) (-25,755 kJ/kg) + (35,6932

kg/jam) (-42 kJ/kg)

= - 28.705,76263 kJ/jam

Panas yang diserap air pendingin (Q) = Qo– Qi

= (- 28.705,76263-145.161,8981) kJ/jam
= - 173.867,6607 kJ/jam
H(25°C) = 2528,9566 kJ/kg (Reklaitis, 1983)
H(10°C) = 2499,2755 kJ/kg (Reklaitis, 1983)

Lamda = H[10°C] – H[25°C] = (2499,2755 – 2528,9566) kJ/kg

= - 29,6811 kJ/kg

Jumlah air pendingin yang diperlukan (m) = Q/lamda

−173.867,6607 kJ / jam
=
−29,6811 kJ /kg

= 5.857,8577 kg/jam

10. Rotary Dryer

 288 288 288
Panas Masuk = F25Air ∫ Cp. dT + F 25Glukosa ∫ Cp. dT + F 25Protein ∫ Cp. dT + F 25Lemak
298 298 298

288 288 288

∫ Cp. dT + F25Pati ∫ Cp. dT + F25Molase ∫ Cp. dT

298 298 298

= (53,5398 kg/jam) (-42 kJ/kg) + (727,7006 kg/jam) (-23,444

kJ/kg) + (0,0033 kg/jam) (-25,719 kJ/kg) + (62,8156 kg/jam) (-

26,4690 kJ/kg) + (17,7525 kg/jam) (-25,6980 kJ/kg) + (22,4376

kg/jam) (-25,755 kJ/kg)

= - 22.005,71959 kJ/jam
3 48 3 48 3 48

Panas Keluar = F26Air ∫ Cp . dT+ F 26Molase ∫ Cp . dT + F27Air ∫ Cp . dT +¿F 27Glukosa

298 298 298

3 48 3 48 3 48

∫ Cp . dT + F27Pati ∫ Cp . dT + F27Lemak ∫ Cp . dT + F27Protein

298 298 298

3 48

∫ Cp . dT
298

= (48,988917 kg/jam) (210 kJ/kg) + (22,4376 kg/jam) (128,7750

kJ/kg) + (4,5509 kg/jam) (210 kJ/kg) + (727,7006 kg/jam)

(172,2 kJ/kg) + (17,7525 kg/jam) (128,4900 kJ/kg) + (62,8156

kg/jam) (132,3450 kJ/kg) + (0,0033 kg/jam) (128,5945 kJ/kg)

= 150.037,5805 kJ/jam

Panas yang dilepas steam (Q) = Qo–Qi

= (150.037,5805- (-22.005,71959)) kJ/jam
= 172.043,3001 kJ/jam
Superheated steam pada 1 atm, 150°C, H (150°C) = 2776,3 KJ/Kg
(Reklaitis, 1983)
Saturated steam pada 1 atm, 100°C, HV (100°C) = 2676 KJ/Kg
(Reklaitis, 1983)
HL (100°C) = 419,064 KJ/Kg
(Reklaitis, 1983)

Lamda = [H(150°C) – Hv (100°C)] + [Hv (100°C) – Hl(100°C)]

= [2776,3-2676] + [2676-419,064]
= 2357,236 kJ/kg
Jumlah steam yang diperlukan (m) = Q/lamda

172.043,3001kJ / jam
=
2357,236 kJ /kg

= 72,9852 kg/jam

11. Kondensor

Panas yang keluar pada alur 15 = panas masuk ke kondensor

376 376
= F15Air ∫ Cp. dT + H VL + F15HCL ∫ Cp. dT + H VL
298 298

= (495,73876 kg/jam) (327,6 kJ/kg) + (2258,6778 kJ/kg) +

(140,1515 kg/jam) (186,9364 kJ/kg) + (442,4658 kJ/kg)

= 1.370.329,812 kJ/jam

303 303

Panas Keluar = F15Air ∫ Cp .dT + F15Air. HVL + F15HCL ∫ Cp .dT +¿F 15HCL. HVL
298 298

= (495,73876 kg/jam) (21 kJ/kg) + (495,73876 kg/jam) (2258,6778

kJ/kg) + (140,1515 kg/jam) (11,9831 kJ/kg) + (140,1515

kg/jam) (442,4658 kJ/kg)

= 1.193.816,341 kJ/jam
Panas yang diserap air pendingin (Q) = Qo–Qi
= (1.193.816,341-1.370.329,812) kJ/jam
= - 176.513,4712 kJ/jam
H(25°C) = 2528,9566 kJ/kg (Reklaitis, 1983)
H(50°C) = 2576,4251 kJ/kg (Reklaitis, 1983)
Lamda = H[25°C] – H[50°C]
= 2528,9566 – 2576,4251
= -47,4685 kJ/kg
Jumlah air pendingin yang diperlukan (m) = Q/lamda
−176.513,4712kJ / jam
=
−47,4685 kJ /kg
= 3.718,5391 kg/jam