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General Catalog Of: Tool Steels
General Catalog Of: Tool Steels
TOOL STEELS
Cold Work Tool Steels
SLD10 8% Cr steel 1.
0 1.
0 0.
4 7.
5 ― 2.
8 0.
4 ―
Cold work tool steels
YCS3 SKS93 W5 1.
0 0.
4 0.
9 0.
4 ― ― ― ―
YXR7 0.
8 0.
8 0.
3 4.
7 1.
3 5.
5 1.
3 ―
Matrix high
YXR3 speed steel
0.
6 1.
5 0.
4 4.
3 ― 2.
9 1.
8 ―
YXR33 0.
5 0.
2 0.
5 4.
2 1.
6 2.
0 1.
2 ―
P/M High speed tool steels
HAP5R 0.
9 0.
8 0.
3 4.
3 2.
0 3.
0 3.
0 ―
P/M high
speed steel
HAP10 M3:2 1.
4 0.
6 0.
3 5.
0 3.
0 6.
0 3.
8 ―
Male die
Foging dies
Female die 55-60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, HAP10 YXR7, YXR3, HAP5R
Male die 58-62 SLD, SLD-MAGIC HAP40, YXM4 YXM1, YXR7, YXR3
Heading dies
Female die 55-60 YSM SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1, YXR7, YXR3
Thread forming dies 58-64 SLD YXR7, YXM1, SLD10
Cold working rolls ≥80HS SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1, HAP40
<Attention> The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data,
it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 2
YSS Cold Work Tool Steels
High-performance cold work tool steel attaining both Cold work dies for high-tensile steels, SUS, mass
SLD-MAGIC extended die life and easy die fabrication. production, and general use.
Cold work die steel with high abrasion resistance for general
SLD use, excellent harden-ability and minimal quench stress. Cold work dies for general use, forming roll, shear blade.
ARK1 Cold work die steel with high toughness and improved Dies for printed circuit board, die plates, stripper plates.
machinability.
Cold work die steel with superior machinability for general use;
SGT Special care is required for quenching large-size dies or wire Dies for deep drawing, gauges.
electric discharge machining.
HI-PM MAGIC 40HRC pre-hardened steel. Press forming dies for small production, jigs and tools.
Matrix high speed steel, extremely highest toughness in Rolling dies, cold forging dies, roll, cold forging panches,
YXR7 62-65HRC. Available for vacuum quenching. blanking panches.
YXR3 Matrix high speed steel for general use, extremely highest Dies to be used for cracking or chipping resistance.
toughness in 58-61HRC.
YXR33 Matrix high speed steel highest toughness in high speed Cold forging dies, warm forging dies.
steels. Standard hardness 54-58HRC.
P/M High speed tool steels
HAP5R Extremely tough Powder Metallurgy process high speed steel. Cold forging dies, fine blanking dies.
HAP10 Extremely tough Powder Metallurgy process high speed steel. Cold forging dies, fine blanking dies.
HAP40 P/M high speed steel with high abrasion resistance and Press forming dies for mass production, roll.
toughness for general use.
P/M high speed steel with high hardness and highest Cold plastic working dies of long life, high performanced IC
HAP72 abrasion resistance. molds.
Trimming dies
For heavy plate use 50-55 DAC, DM
Cold hobbing dies 55-60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1
Drawing dies 57-62 SLD, YXM1 HAP40
For sheet service 55-60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, YXR7 YXR3
Shearing blade
(straight tooth)
For medium plate 53-58 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1, ACD8 YXR33
Machine cutter
<Attention> The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data,
it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 3
YSS Cold Work Tool Steels
HAP72
: Standard steel (JIS equivalent)
: Original steel
P/M high speed steel
YXM4 HAP40
Wear resistance, Strength
Toughness
Comparison of characteristics
Distortion by Standard
Wear Pressure
Grade Toughness Hardenability heat Machinability Weldability hardness
resistance resistance treatment (HRC)
SLD-MAGIC A A A- A+ A+ A- B 58 - 62
SLD A A B A +
A +
B C 57 - 63
SLD10 A- A A- A+ A B- C 59 - 65
ARK1 B +
A A A +
A A- B 58 - 60
SGT C B+
B C D A B 57 - 63
YCS3 D C C D D A+ B 57 - 63
ACD37 B A-
B A +
A A B 55 - 60
HMD5 C B B ─ ─ A A 55 - 60
HI-PM MAGIC D -
D A++
─ ─ A -
A+
40
YXM1 A A+ A- B B B C 58 - 64
YXM4 A++ A+ B B B B- C 62 - 66
YXR7 A A+
A A B B C 61 - 65
YXR3 A- A A+ B B B+ C+ 58 - 61
YXR33 B B+
A++
A B B +
C +
54 - 58
HAP5R A A A+ A A B C 58 - 62
HAP10 A +
A+
A A A B -
C 62 - 65
HAP40 A++ A++ A- B A C+ C 64 - 67
HAP72 A +++
A+++
C A -
A C -
D 68 - 71
(A is the uppermost level and + indicates higher performance)
<Attention> The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data,
it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 4
YSS Cold Work Tool Steels
Toughness
(N/mm2) (kgf/mm2)
Bending strength
6,000 YXR3
600
ARK1 YXR7
HAP10
5,000 500
YXM1
HAP5R
Bending Strength
4,000 HAP40
YXM4 400
SLD-MAGIC SLD
3,000 HAP72
SGT V60 300
V50
Cemented V40
2,000 200
carbide
1,000 100
56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72
Hardness
(HRC)
(J/cm2) (kgf-m/cm2)
Charpy impact value 200 20
YXR33
150 15
10mm R-notch Charpy impact value
YXR3 HAP5R
100 10
ARK1
60 6
HA
P1
SLD-MAGIC 0
40 HAP40 YX 4
R7
SLD YXM
1
YXM4 2
20 HAP7
2
0 0
54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70
Hardness
(HRC)
<Attention> The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data,
it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 5
YSS Cold Work Tool Steels
2,200
YXM1 220
SLD
SLD 2,000
Compressive Tensile 200
4,000
strength 400 strength
1,800
180
SLD 1,600
Compressive strength
160
Tensile strength
1,400 0.2%Proof 140
stress
3,000 0.2%Proof
stress
XVC5 300
1,200 120
HAP40
YXM4
1,000 100
SLD
SLD
SLD520○) YXM1
0.02%Proof 800 80
stress
2,000 YXR7 0.02%Proof
200 600 stress 60
YXR3
400 40
200 20
1,000 100 0 0
56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Hardness(HRC) Hardness(HRC)
Fatigue strength
(N/mm2)
1,400
HAP5R
(62HRC)
1,200
HAP10
(65HRC)
YXR33(58HRC)
Stress
1,000
YXR7
(62HRC)
800
SLD(58HRC) SLD-MAGIC
(61HRC)
YXM1(65HRC)
Rotating bending fatigue test
600
104 105 106 107
Number of test cycle
Physical properties
Thermal expansion coefficient Thermal conductivity Young’s modulus
Grade
×10−6/℃ 20 - 200℃ (m・K)20℃
W/ GPa
<Attention> The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data,
it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 6
YSS Cold Work Tool Steels
Alloy tool steels, Carbon tool steels High speed tool steels
About 80˚C
First Second Austenitization First Second Austenitization
pre-heating pre-heating pre-heating pre-heating
Holding time (sec) 60 90 160 240 280 350 390 420 440 495
Holding time 15 25 40 50 60 65 70 80 100 Salt bath
(min) Magnification
(Holding time/Thickness) ×12 ×9 ×8 ×8 ×7 ×7 ×6.5 ×6 ×5.5 ×5.5
Note: If you take preheating time, dipping time can be regarded as holding time.
Tempering
Tempering temperature Note1: This standard is applicable to tempering at 500ºC or more. When tempering at 250-500ºC, holding time
must be increased to 1.5 times longer and at lower than 250ºC, 2 times longer than the standard.
Note2: Tempering is required no less than two times for grades containing no cobalt and at least three times for
grades containing cobalt to improve toughness when high temperature tempering is done.
T Note3: Because toughness deteriorates, tempering higher than 600ºC must avoid for high-speed tool steels.
Thickness (mm) ≦25 26 - 35 36 - 64 65 - 84 85 - 124 125 - 174 175 - 249 250 - 349 350 - 499
Annealing
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YSS Cold Work Tool Steels
SLD-MAGIC ≦255 1,010 -1,040 Air cool 480 - 530 or 150 - 250 Air cool ≧60 830 - 880 Slow cooling
SLD ≦248 1,000 -1,050 Air cool 480 - 530 or 150 - 200 Air cool ≧58 830 - 880 Slow cooling
≦248 1,020 -1,070 Air cool 520 - 550 Air cool ≧62
Cold work tool steels
SGT ≦217 800 - 850 Oil quench 150 - 200 Air cool ≧60 750 - 780 Slow cooling
YCS3 ≦212 790 - 850 Oil quench 150 - 200 Air cool ≧63 750 - 780 Slow cooling
ACD37 ≦235 830 - 870 Air cool 150 - 200 Air cool ≧58 750 - 800 Slow cooling
(2)
1,160 -1,200
1,230 -1,250
(1)
YXM4 ≦277 1,210 -1,230
(2)
Oil quench 560 - 580 Air cool ≧64 800 - 880 Slow cooling
1,160 -1,180
(1)
YXR7 ≦241 1,120 -1,160
(2)
Oil quench 540 - 580 Air cool ≧62 800 - 880 Slow cooling
1,150 -1,170
(1)
YXR3 ≦241 1,130 -1,150
(2)
Oil quench 560 - 590 Air cool ≧57 800 - 880 Slow cooling
YXR33 ≦241 1,080 -1,140 Oil quench 550 - 600 Air cool ≧54 800 - 880 Slow cooling
≦269 1,120 -1,160 Oil quench 530 - 580 Air cool ≧58 820 - 870 Slow cooling
P/M High speed tool steels
HAP5R
(1)
1,170 -1,190
HAP10 ≦269 1,120 -1,170
(2)
Oil quench 550 - 580 Air cool ≧63 820 - 870 Slow cooling
1,190 -1,210
(1)
HAP40 ≦277 1,120 -1,190
(2)
Oil quench 560 - 580 Air cool ≧66 820 - 870 Slow cooling
HAP72 ≦352 1,180 -1,210 Oil quench 560 - 580 Air cool ≧68 820 - 870 Slow cooling
Hardenability
The maximum diameter of a round bar
stock that obtains 60 HRC hardness at Half temperature time : Time required for cooling from quenching temperature to
its center by quenching. {(quenching temperature + room temperature) / 2}
70
Cooling
Air cool Oil quench 60
Grade YXR7
(1,180℃)
SGT
(850℃)
SLD-MAGIC φ170 φ550 50 YXM1
(1,180℃)
Hardness(HRC)
SGT φ8 φ70
YXM1 φ20 φ180
30
YXR7 φ170 φ550
HAP10 ─ φ180
20
8φ※ 20φ※ 170φ※
70φ☆ 180φ☆ 550φ☆
10
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10 20 30 40 60 80 100 200 400 600 800 1,000
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YSS Cold Work Tool Steels
1,030℃ 850℃
1,025℃
60 60 60 60
Hardness(HRC)
Hardness(HRC)
Hardness(HRC)
Hardness(HRC)
1,000℃ 800℃
55 55
825℃
1,010℃
50 50 50 50
45 45
40 40 40 40
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 0 100 200 300 400 500 0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Tempering temperature(℃) Tempering temperature(℃) Tempering temperature(℃) Tempering temperature(℃)
Hardness(HRC)
Hardness(HRC)
Hardness(HRC)
1,150℃
1,125℃ 1,120℃
58 54
62 62 1,080℃
56 52
1,180℃ 1,120℃
60 60 54 50
1,160℃ 52 48
58 58
50 46
56 56 48 44
500 520 540 560 580 600 620 500 520 540 560 580 600 500 550 600 700 500 550 600 650
Hardness(HRC)
Hardness(HRC)
Hardness(HRC)
1,200℃
1,140℃
62 64 64 1,220℃
66
60 62 62
64
58 1,120℃ 60 60
62
56 58 58
54 56 56 60
500 520 540 560 580 600 520 540 560 580 600 520 540 560 580 600 500 520 540 560 580 600
<Attention> The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data,
it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 9
YSS Cold Work Tool Steels
0.10
SLD longitudinal direction Radial direction
0.25
SLD-MAGIC longitudinal
0.05 direction Longitudinal direction
Dimensional changes rate (%)
0.00
SLD-MAGIC width direction 0.15
- 0.05
0.10
SLD width direction
- 0.10 0.05
- 0.15 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 SLD-MAGIC SLD SGT YCS3 YXM1 YXR3 HAP40
Specimen:50T×100W×200L
Tempering temperature 2hr, twice (℃).
Quenching
temperature 1,030℃ 1,030℃ 825℃ 800℃ 1,200℃ 1,150℃ 1,130℃
Rolling direction
200L Tempening 500℃ 510℃ 200℃ 200℃ 575℃ 570℃ 570℃
Quenching :1030℃
temperature
Tempering :2hr., twice
25
SLD-MAGIC 1030℃ quenching
20
SLD 1030℃ quenching
15
10
SGT 825℃ oil quenching
5
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Tempering temperature, twice(℃)
Secular change and stabilizing treatment Secular change and sub-zero treatment
on cold work tool steel
0.10 0.10
Dimentional change ratio after 2 months from heat treatment (%)
Stabilizing:400℃×2hr. Stabilizing:400℃×2hr.
0.08 0.08
SLD Tempering only
Tempering only
0.06 0.06
Sub-zero treatment (−75ºC)
-tempering
SLD-MAGIC
0.04 0.04
Tempering only
0.02 0.02
0.00 0.00
SLD-MAGIC SLD Sub-zero treatment(−75ºC) -tempering+stabilizing
Tempering + stabilizing Tempering + stabilizing
-0.02 -0.02
460 480 500 520 540 460 480 500 520 540
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YSS Cold Work Tool Steels
YXR7
(62) HAP10
Countermeasure for SLD-MAGIC (64) HAP40 HAP72
plastic deformation (61~62) (66) (68)
YXR7
YXM1 (64)
(62)
SLD
(60) In case sinking and wear
YXR3 YXR3 YXR33
resitance is not at issue
(60) (58) (58)
in mold life
Countermeasure
for crack YXR7
In case sinking and wear (60)
resistance is critical HAP5R
in mold life SLD-MAGIC (60)
(60)
SLD
(60)
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High Quality
Cold Work Tool Steel
SLD-MAGIC
YSS Cold Work Tool Steel SLD-MAGIC
SLD-MAGIC is the high performance cold work die steel attaining both
improved mold lifespan and easy mold fabrication.
SLD-MAGIC Features
Wear resistance
High hardness of 62HRC improves wear resistance by approximately 35%*
Surface treatment
Adherence between the coating layer and steel after surface treatment (CVD and other methods) is
improved by approximately 30%*
Heat treatment
Minimal deformation during heat treatment for a reduction of approximately 40%* in dimensional changes
Machinability
Machinability improved by approximately 35%*
*Hitachi Metals comparison: Comparison against 8%Cr steel (Hitachi Metals product name:SLD 8), a modified steel of SKD11
Concept
Relationship
Good
SKD11 SLD-MAGIC
SLDTM
Wear resistance
8%Cr
Steel
10%Cr
Steel
ARK1
Machinability Good
Prevents scuffing of high-tensile steels during Hardness (HRC) 60-62 61-63 59-61 58-60
bending and drawing.
Wear resistance A B B A
Improve mold lifespan.
Weldability B B C C
Excellent “A” Poor “D”
**Surface treatment properties are based on adherence between the coating
layer and steel after surface treatment.
8%Cr steel and 10%Cr steel offer improved machinability for better processing
that reduces the volume of hard carbides within steel, but are inferior to SKD11
in terms of wear resistance and galling.
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YSS Cold Work Tool Steel SLD-MAGIC
SKD11 60HRC
Work material: SCM415
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 Friction distance: 400m
(mm3/mm2.mm) Friction speed: 0.76m/s
Specific wear volume Load: 67N
SKD11
Scuffing
Toughness
10R-notched Charpy impact value
SLD-MAGIC is superior to SKD11 in toughness. Low temp.: 200ºC
It can be used as a countermeasure to chipping Low temp. Toughness High temp.: 510-520ºC
tempering is higher
and cracking with low temp. tempering. SLD-MAGIC High temp.
tempering
8%Cr Steel
10%Cr Steel
SKD11
0 10 20 30 40
10R-notched Charpy impact value
(J/cm2)
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 3
YSS Cold Work Tool Steel SLD-MAGIC
50μm
SLD-MAGIC shows improved adherence Adherence between the coating layer and steel after
between the coating layer and steel after 3-time CVD treatment.
3-time surface treatment by approx. 30% when Scratch test Index (SKD11=100)
compared with 8%Cr steel, due to optimum
SLD-MAGIC Improved adherence
alloy design.
8%Cr Steel
10%Cr Steel
SKD11
60 70 80 90 100 110
Adherence Index
900
Stress
8%Cr Steel
800 (62HRC)
700
SKD11
600 (60HRC)
500
103 104 105 106 107
Cycles
Physical Properties
20-100ºC 20-200ºC Thermal Room temperature
Thermal expansion
coefficient conductivity
×10-6/ ºC W/m·K
11.7 12.2 16.5
Ac1 Ms temperature
Transformation
temperature
850ºC 166ºC
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 4
YSS Cold Work Tool Steel SLD-MAGIC
Heat Treatment
Standard Heat Treatment Conditions
It is possible to heat treat SLD-MAGIC Annealed Hardness
Hardness Hardening Tempering (HRC)
under the same conditions as SKD11.
480-530ºC
255HBW 1010 -1040ºC Air cooling or 60HRC
or under Air quenching 150-250ºC or over
Air cooling
58 10%Cr Steel
56
54
Quenching 1030ºC
52
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
(ºC)
Tempering temperature 2hr, twice
10%Cr Steel
that of SKD11, and smaller than 8% Cr 0.10
steel. It is possible to reduce secular 8%Cr Steel
change via low temp. tempering, subzero SLD-MAGIC
0.05 *A
treatment or stabilizing*.
* Heat treatment process to add middle temp.
tempering after high temp. tempering for the 0
purpose of reducing seculer distortion. *A
Quenching 1030ºC *B
-0.05
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
(ºC)
Tempering temperature 2hr, twice
8%Cr Steel
10%Cr Steel
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 5
YSS Cold Work Tool Steel SLD-MAGIC
Hardness
60
58
1030℃
56
1050℃
54
52
50
As 100 200 300 400 500 600
quenched (˚C)
Tempering temperature 2hr, twice
54
Quenching 1030˚C ⇒ subzero -75˚C
52
250 300 350 400 450 500 550
(˚C)
Tempering temperature 2hr, twice
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 6
YSS Cold Work Tool Steel SLD-MAGIC
Heat Treatment
Secular change / Dimensional change
Small difference
SLD-MAGIC shows smaller in dimentional between L and W
change difference in the longitudinal, SLD-MAGIC
direction
width and thickness directions, compared
Upper L (Longitudinal)
to SKD11 or 8%Cr steels.
8%Cr Steel Lower W (Width)
10%Cr Steel
SKD11
0 0
0.1 0.1
0 5 10 15 0 5 10 15
Frequency Frequency
Width
Longitudinal
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YSS Cold Work Tool Steel SLD-MAGIC
Machinability
SLD-MAGIC improves machinability on ø125 Face Mill
face mill by over twice that of SKD11 and Work: Annealed condition
Tool: Coated carbide chip,
by approx. 35% compared to 8%Cr SLD-MAGIC
Machinability
1chip only
is improved
steel. Cutting speed: 120m/min,
Dry
It also demonstrates superior Feed: 0.13mm/blade
8%Cr Steel
machinability using other tools. Depth of cut: 2Z × 90Wmm,
Cutting distance: 4m
Mold processing time is expected
shorten due to good machinability. 10%Cr Steel
The direct purchasing cost of tools is
expected reduce by improvement
SKD11
lifespan of cutting tools.
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4
Tool wear (mm)
End Mill
Work: Annealed condition
Tool: End mill ø8 (Co-HSS)
SLD-MAGIC Cutting speed: 30m/min, Down-
cut, Wet
Feed: 0.05mm/tooth
8%Cr Steel Depth of cut: 15Z × 0.5Wmm,
Cutting distance: 5m
10%Cr Steel
SKD11
Drill
Work: Annealed condition
Tool: Drill ø5 (Co-HSS)
SLD-MAGIC Cutting speed: 20m/min, Wet
Feed: 0.05mm/rev
Depth of hole: 25mm, 200Holes
8%Cr Steel
10%Cr Steel
SKD11
10%Cr Steel
SKD11
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 8
YSS Cold Work Tool Steel SLD-MAGIC
Machinability
SLD-MAGIC can enhance tool lives
because of lower cutting tool
temperatures. Cutting tool temperature comparison
CEPR6080 (ultrafine particle WC) (ø8 × 6NT TiAIN)
200
Color of chips SKD11
180
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 9
YSS Cold Work Tool Steel SLD-MAGIC
Application Examples
By achieving both improved mold lifespan and easy mold fabrication, SLD-MAGIC will contribute to reducing total cost
and shortening delivery times of the automobile and mold industries.
Note: The above-listed data is for application examples only and this data does not assure performance.
It is not suited for molds with EDM finished surface that require a high degree of mirror finish such as plastic molds.
<Attention> The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data,
it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 10
YSS Cold Work Tool Steel SLD-MAGIC
Note: The above-listed data is for application examples only and this data does not assure performance.
It is not suited for molds with EDM finished surface that require a high degree of mirror finish such as plastic molds.
<Attention> The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data,
it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 11
Hot Work Tool Steels
YSS Hot Work Tool Steels
DAC55 SKD61 modified 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.6 5.2 - 2.2 0.8
Other special
elements added
DAC3 SKD61 modified 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.6 5.1 - 1.6 0.7
DAC40 SKD7 modified 0.4 0.5 0.5 - 4.3 0.7 2.1 0.9
Other special
YEM-K SKD7 modified 0.4 0.3 0.9 0.9 3.4 - 2.5 0.6 elements added
MDC-K SKD8 modified 0.4 0.3 0.5 - 4.4 2.0 1.6 1.7 Other special
elements added
FDAC SKD61 free cutting 0.3 1.0 0.7 - 5.2 - 1.3 0.4 S:0.1
YXR33 Matrix HSS 0.5 0.2 0.5 - 4.2 1.6 2.0 1.2
※Impurities such as P and S are controlled below the levels specified in JIS by using Hitachi Metals' own high-qualtity raw materials.
Hardness:47HRC
L:Longitudinal direction
T:Transverse direction
Isotropy DAC SKD61
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 2
YSS Hot Work Tool Steels
<Attention> The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data,
it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 3
YSS Hot Work Tool Steels
Standard grade for general use with good balance of toughness, strength at
DAC SKD61
elevated temperature and with excellent hardenability.
High performance die steel for die casting with well balanced strength and
DAC-MAGIC SKD61 modified toughness and strength at elevated temperature. Excellent heat crack and stress
corrosion crack resistance.
Excellent heat crack and wear resistance at elevated temperature. Steel for
DAC10 SKD61 modified precision die casting and hot press die.
DAC55 SKD61 modified Die casting die steel with excellent heat crack resistance and toughness.
Hot work tool steel with higher toughness than DAC for Al extrusion dies with high
DAC3 SKD61 modified hardness or hot forging press dies with good crack resistance.
Al extrusion die steel with higher strength and better softening resistance at
DAC40 SKD7 modified
elevated temperature than DAC.
Hot work tool steel with higher toughness and strength at elevated temperature
YEM-K SKD7 modified
than SKD7 for forging die of mass production use such as hot former.
High strength hot work tool steel with higher toughness than SKD8 for high heat
MDC-K SKD8 modified
load applications such as Cu extrusion and Cu alloy die casting dies.
Free cutting hot work tool steel (supplied in prehardened condition) for dies of
FDAC SKD61free cutting
small production use or dies associated parts requiring good machinability.
Hot work tool steel with excellent toughness, used for hammer forging dies,
DM SKT4 Aluminium forge dies, forging bolsters and extrusion die backers, etc.
Matrix-type high speed steel with high toughness. Excellent strength and wear
YXR33 Matrix HSS resistance at elevated temperature and excellent erosion resistance. Steel for
warm and hot precision forging dies and insert pins for die casting.
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 4
YSS Hot Work Tool Steels
: Original steel
SKD5
SKD4
YEM-K
Hot former
SKD7
DAC40
Strength at high temperature
DAC10 DAC-MAGIC
DM Hammer forging,
(SKT4) Extrusion auxiliary tool
Toughness high
Comparison of properties
Strength at elevated
Grade Softening resistance Toughness Wear resistance Hardenability
temperature
DAC C C A C A
DAC-MAGIC B B A+ B A
DAC10 B B A B A
- - -
DAC55 B B A +
B A
DAC3 C+ C+ A+ C+ A+
DAC40 B+ B+ B+ B+ B+
- - - -
YEM-K A A B A A
MDC-K A A C A B
FDAC C C C C ─
DM D D A++ D B
YXR33 A+ A+ C A+ B
Ratings: AーBest CーOrdinary DーPoor
(Remarks) Please use above ratings only for general reference.
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YSS Hot Work Tool Steels
Re-hardend layer
( )
Heat affected
Heated up above A1 layer
transformation point
Black layer
Lower hardness
layer
Progress of crack
into the inside Progress and confluence of cracks
A1 point Anti-rehardenability ○ △
DAC DAC3
48HRC Area ratio of carbides (%) 51HRC Area ratio of carbides (%)
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1
A1 point 840 800 A1 point 840 800
(℃) 300 400 500 600
(℃) 300 400 500 600
20 20
40 Tensile strength 40 Tensile strength
60 at 700℃ (N/mm2) 60 at 700℃ (N/mm2)
80 80
100 100
(Index of charpy impact value) (Index of charpy impact value)
Toughness Toughness
YEM-K YXR33
50HRC Area ratio of carbides (%) 57HRC Area ratio of carbides (%)
4 4
High -temperature strength
High -temperature strength
3 3
2 2
1 1
A1 point 840 800 A1 point 840 800
(℃) (℃)
20 300 400 500 600 20 300 400 500 600
40 40
Tensile strength Tensile strength
60 at 700℃ (N/mm2) 60 at 700℃ (N/mm2)
80 80
100 100
(Index of charpy impact value) (Index of charpy impact value)
Toughness Toughness
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YSS Hot Work Tool Steels
2,400
2,200 YXR33
600 MDC-K
2,000 YEM-K
DAC(50HRC) DAC
1,800
DM
Tensile strength(N/mm2)
Hardness(HV)
1,400
YXR33
1,200 (55HRC)
DAC(44HRC) 400
1,000
DAC(40HRC) YEM-K
(44HRC)
800
600
300
400
P=T (20+log t) /103
200 T : Temperature(K)
t : Time(h)
0 200
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 17 18 19 20 21 22
Testing temperature(℃) Tempering parameter
DAC-MAGIC
70 7
2mm U-notch Charpy impact value(J/cm2)
6
15min
50
DAC3 30min
50 5
40 45min
60min
DAC 40 4
30
YEM-K 30 3
20
20 2
Quenching temperature: YXR33
10 1,020℃(YXR33;1,080℃)
Oil quench 10 1 Material:DAC
Quenching temperature:1,020℃
0 0 0
40 45 50 55 60 40 44 48 52
Hardness(HRC) Hardness(HRC)
Half temperature time :Time required for cooling from quenching temperature
to (Quenching temperature + Room temperature)/2
Room temperature
2mm V-notch Charpy impact value
Hardness:44HRC 700
60 6 70 400℃
HTT(Half temperature time) 30min
50 5 650
65
Stress
40 4
600
60 500℃
30 3 HTT 60min
550
55
20 2
500 Heat treatment
10 50 Quenching : 1,030℃ Air cool
1
Tempering : 580℃×1H×2
Material:DAC Hardness : 50HRC Material:DAC
0 0 450
45
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
105 106 107 108
Testing temperature(℃) Number of rotations till fracture (times)
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YSS Hot Work Tool Steels
Quenching and
Heat treatment condition(℃)
Annealed Hardness tempering hardness
Grade Annealing condition(℃)
HBW
Quenching Tempering HRC
Notice : If you take preheating time, dipping time can be regarded as holding time.
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 8
YSS Hot Work Tool Steels
50 50 50 50
Hardness(HRC)
Hardness(HRC)
Hardness(HRC)
Hardness(HRC)
Quenching temp.:1,020℃ Quenching temp.:1,030℃ Quenching temp.:1,020℃ Quenching temp.:1,020℃
40 40 40 40
30 30 30 30
20 20 20 20
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
50 50 50 50
Hardness(HRC)
Hardness(HRC)
Hardness(HRC)
Hardness(HRC)
Quenching temp.:1,020℃ Quenching temp.:1,020℃ Quenching temp.:1,020℃ Quenching temp.:1,070℃
40 40 40 40
30 30 30 30
20 20 20 20
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Tempering temperature(℃) Tempering temperature(℃) Tempering temperature(℃) Tempering temperature(℃)
60 60
1,100
Quenching temp.:1,030℃
58
1,000
1,140℃ 900
50 56
Ps
800
Temperature(℃)
1,120℃
Hardness(HRC)
Hardness(HRC)
54 700
Quenching temp.:850℃
□300mm 1,080℃
600
40 52
500
Quenching temp.:
1,080℃, 1,120℃, 1,140℃ 400 Bs
50
Ms
300
30 48 200
100
46
0 -60 -20 -10 -5 -3℃/min
1 10 100 1,000
20 44
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 500 550 600 650
Time(min)
Tempering temperature(℃) Tempering temperature(℃)
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 9
YSS Hot Work Tool Steels
(45 - 50)
Extrusion dies
DAC
(45 - 49)
YXR33
800
Hardness(HV)
Excellent“1”
→ Good“2”
→ Ordinary“3”
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YSS Hot Work Tool Steels
Friction DAC55
150 Hardness: Gas soft nitriding
45HRC (Nitriding depth 0.15mm) Molten metal:
AC4C
100 Salt bath sulfuration nitriding Bobbing motion: Temperature:
90 cycle/min. 750℃
0.5
Stroke: 30mm
Work material
50 Gas soft nitriding SNCM439
(Temperature 600℃) Hint-S
No treatment (Nitriding depth 0.30mm)
0 Evaluation method Evaluation method
0 10 20 30 40 0 200 400 600
Time till test piece galled (S) Testing time (min.)
Data sheet
1. Coefficient of thermal expansion Average value from 20℃ to each temperature.(×10-6/℃)
Grade HRC 200℃ 400℃ 600℃
DAC 45 11.3 12.2 12.8
DAC-MAGIC 45 11.3 12.3 13.1
DAC10 45 11.2 12.0 12.7
DAC55 45 11.3 12.1 12.8
DAC3 45 11.4 12.3 12.9
DM 42 12.2 13.1 13.4
YXR33 57 11.3 12.2 12.9
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Die Steels For Die Casting
DAC Series
YSS Die Steels For Die Casting DAC Series
YXR33
High
DAC10 DAC-MAGIC
High strength at Improve both of DAC55
elevated temperature die life and
Strength at elevated temperature
productivity
Strength and toughness
Isotropy
FDAC SKD61 DAC DAC-S
For small lot production
Prehardened Steel Standard die steel High quality DAC
(Superior H13) HI-PM7
For small lot production HI-PM MAGIC
To keep stability of die life
Prehardened Steel
Toughness High
Die for Aluminium/Zinc Alloy DAC, DAC-S Strength at elevated temperature and toughness are well balanced.
in general use equivalent to JIS SKD61 Good machinability and less deformation after heat treatment
0.4C-5.2Cr-1.3Mo-V
High performance die steel which balanced high strength at
Advanced Die Steel for DAC-MAGIC elevated temperature and high toughness. Excellent heat crack
Die Casting Original steel resistance, stress corrosion cracking resistance and better
machinability
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YSS Die Steels For Die Casting DAC Series
Precision/Hi-Si Al-alloy
Diecast
On the edge of dies
Crack opening
Temperature of molten material
760℃ 5mm 0.1mm
Diecast in SQ use
At the corner of dies
Stress concentration
Temperature of molten material
720℃
0.4mm
DAC 43
DAC 47
0.5mm
heat crack Observation of
generation heat crack
DAC 51
DAC55 50
0.5mm
DAC55 53
0.5mm
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 3
YSS Die Steels For Die Casting DAC Series
Mechanical Properties
Tensile Strength at elevated temperature
(MPa)(kgf/mm2)
1,800 Tempering Hardness Quenching:1,020℃×30min
180
50HRC
1,700 Half Temperature Time 30 min
170
Oil Cooling
1,600
160
44HRC
1,500 Tensile Strength
150
1,400
140
1,300 40HRC
130
Tensile Strength
1,200 120
1,100 110
1,000 100
900 90
800 80
700 70
600 60
500 50
400 40
300 30
20
Testing Temperature(℃)×10min
Tempered hardness vs Yielding Strength at elevated temperature Tempered hardness vs Charpy I - Value
500 60
Yielding strength at elevated temperature (MPa)
450
DAC-MAGIC
DAC10
400 40
DAC55
DAC
DAC-MAGIC DAC55
350
DAC
DAC10
300 20
250
200 0
42 44 46 48 50 42 44 46 48 50
Hardness(HRC) Hardness(HRC)
Physical Properties
Thermal expansion coefficient(×10-6/℃) Thermal conductivity
Average value from 20℃ to each temperature (W/m・K) Young’
s modulus
YSS Grade
(GPa)
200℃ 400℃ 600℃ 20℃ 200℃ 400℃ 600℃
DAC 11.3 12.2 12.8 24.6 29.1 31.0 32.6 210
DAC-MAGIC 11.3 12.3 13.1 25.7 30.9 34.8 35.8 210
DAC55 11.3 12.1 12.8 26.2 29.8 32.7 34.1 210
DAC10 11.2 12.0 12.7 26.1 31.1 33.0 34.5 210
YXR33 11.3 12.2 12.9 25.0 32.4 34.8 35.5 210
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YSS Die Steels For Die Casting DAC Series
Hardness(HRC)
(Quenching 1,020℃ HTT 30min)
With introduction of Isotoropy technology DAC has 40
become tougher and more isotropic to help life of
dies longer and stable.
30
Features 20
*Good balance of both strength at elevated
temperature and toughness
*Good machinability with less distortion after heat 10
as quenched 400 500 550 600 650 700
treatment
Tempering Temperature(℃)
Applications
*General die for Aluminium Diecasting Tempered hardness vs Charpy I-Value
*Die for Zinc Diecasting
(J/cm2(kgf・m/cm
) 2)
10 1
0 0
40 44 48 52
Hardness(HRC)
Quenching Temperature
1020℃
Index of 2mm U-notch Charpy impact value
L
Hardness
44HRC
1 T
L
T
0.5
Hardness:47HRC
L:Longitudinal direction
T:Transverse direction
Isotropy DAC SKD61
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YSS Die Steels For Die Casting DAC Series
Hardness(HRC)
to meet such needs, DAC-MAGIC is one of the best
materials for diecasting which has not only good heat
crack resistance but also good toughness and
40
machinability.
900
Standard Heat Treatment
*Quench: 1010-1030℃ rapid cooling SKD61
*Temper: 550℃-640℃ 800
DAC55
Hardness:45HRC
DAC-MAGIC 45
DAC55 45
SKD61 45
Specimen: φ 80 mm
Test procedure: repeated induction heating and cooling by spray water on
end face
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YSS Die Steels For Die Casting DAC Series
1000℃
Hardness(HRC)
Features 45
*Good heat crack resistance
*Higher service hardness of 50-53HRC
40
*Higher resistant to crack propagation
*Higher strength at elevated temperature
*Good hardenability 35
Applications 30
5
DAC55
(kgf・m/cm2)
4 40
(J/cm2)
3
Half Temperature Time
(30min) 2 DAC 20
Quenching Temperature 1
1020℃
0
46 48 50 52
Hardness
Hardness(HRC)
44HRC
40
DAC55
(50HRC)
(J/cm2)
30
20
T-Direction
DAC
(45HRC)
10
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Half Temperature Time(min)
(1,020℃→520℃ Cooling Time)
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YSS Die Steels For Die Casting DAC Series
Hardness(HRC)
longer life. 40
Features 30
30 3
(×400)
Quench cooling speed and Microstructure 20 2
0 0
40 44 48 52
Hardness(HRC)
*Oil Cool Test Piece Size:10×10×55mm
44HRC
60 6
40HRC
50 5
44HRC
40 4
48HRC
30 3
52HRC
20 2
10 1
0 0
Oil cool 15 30 45 60
Half Temperature Time (min)
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YSS Die Steels For Die Casting DAC Series
400
DAC
300
Features
*Higher toughness than general-purpose diecasting die steel 200 SKD61
DAC 100
*DAC-S meets a minimum Charpy impact value specification
of the NADCA 207 - 2003 Superior. 0
100 200 300
*DAC contributes to the stability of die life Test temperature(℃)
*Normalizing DAC as to 100
Applications
*Large and medium dies for die casting Fatigue strength of DAC-S
1,400
45HRC
Standard Heat Treatment 1,200
*Quench 1,000℃ -1,050℃ rapid cooling Stress(MPa)
1,000
*Temper 550℃ - 680℃
*Hardness 45- 48HRC (general size dies), 43-46HRC (large size 800 DAC-S
dies)
600
DAC
400
200
0 3
10 104 105 106 107 108
Number of fracture cycle(Times)
Features
*Highest strength at elevated temperature among HSS and DAC (48HRC) with Nitriding 14.8%
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YSS Die Steels For Die Casting DAC Series
Features
*Good machinability Mechanical Properties(Reference)
*As delivered prehardened, farther heat treatment
is necessary YSS Grade Hardness 0.2% Yielding Tensile Elongation Reduction
Strength Strength of Area
→Possible to reduce manufacturing time and total cost
(HRC) (MPa) (MPa) (%) (%)
DAC 40 58 39
FDAC 40 19 10
HI-PM7 32 65 40
HI-PM MAGIC 40 60 35
Size of Raw Material:280×640
Position of Specimen:w/2×t/4
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YSS Die Steels For Die Casting DAC Series
Actual Performance
Die Clamping Comparison of Actual Performance
Diecast Products
Force Effect
YSS Grade (die size mm) Current Application
DAC DAC10
OA Components 250 ton Primary heat crack at 15K Primary heat crack at 24K shots, More than
(precision die) DAC10 80×200×300 shots, repair at 30K shots, no griding repair, 1.6 times
scrap at 80K shots scrap at 120K shots
DAC DAC10
OA Components 650 ton Primary bite at 1K shots, No bite at 10K shots More than
(precision die) DAC10 90×215×380 scrap at 30K shots 3 times
DAC YXR33
Autoparts YXR33 Insert Pin 3 times
Meltdown and galling at 3K Still on service after 10K shot
shots
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YSS Die Steels For Die Casting DAC Series
Machinability
Comparison of machinability by High feed Comparison of machinability by
radius milling (annealed) Ball end milling (45HRC)
100 100
Cutting speed Cutting speed:200m/min
80 :180m/min 80
: 90m/min
Macinability index
Macinability index
60 60
40 40
20 20
0 0
DAC DAC-MAGIC DAC10 DAC55 DAC DAC-MAGIC DAC10 DAC55
DAC-MAGIC
〈Cutting conditions〉
Tool: ASR4050-4 (Hitachi Tool Engineering)
Wear width:0.13 mm TB6045 (φ50-4 teeth)
Protrusion = 200mm
Cutting speed = 96m/min
Feed =1mm/tooth Cutting depth = 0.7mm
Rotation = 610min-1
Feeding speed =
DAC55 2440mm/min
Cut width = 36mm
Air blow
Wear width:0.25 mm Work = Annealed
condition
〈Cutting conditions〉
Tool: EPBT2100 (Hitachi Tool Engineering)
State of TH coated (φ10-R5)
Protrusion = 200mm Cutting speed = 110m/min
tool wear Feed = 0.15mm/tooth Cutting depth = 0.5mm
Rotation: 3500min -1
Feeding speed =
1050mm/min
Cut width = 0.5mm
Wear width:0.03 mm Wear width :0.05mm Air blow
Work = Heat treated condition
(45HRC)
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YSS Die Steels For Die Casting DAC Series
Repair Welding
Followings show standard repair welding method in build-up welding due to design change or repair
welding due to heat crack.
Material involved : DAC, DAC-MAGIC, DAC55, DAC10, FDAC.
Welding Annealing
680 - 730℃
350 - Furnance
400℃ Cooling or
DAC 300 - Ash Cooling
Annealed State or 400℃ 250℃ Above
After-heating
same steel
Pre-heating
○Welding bar 100-150℃
1.6 - 4.0φ
Anneal 2 times in case of Large block.
○Current
TIG
80 - 200A
(Remarks)
1. YAG is a brand name of Hitachi Maraging Steel used for various applications including high
grade welding rod. Using YAG welding rod remarkably decreases such welding defects as "bead
crack" or "pin holes".
2. TIG Welding Method (Tangsten Inert Gas Welding Method) is to make arc between tangsten
electrode covered by argon gas and objects to be welded, and then wire is inserted into the heat
pool generated by the arc.
3. Use lower current and finer welding wire in order to get better efficiency of welding metal.
In order to prevent crater cracks, avoid an overlap of the crater of backward pass on the crater
of foregoing pass.
To avoid an overheat of mother material, conduct an interrupted welding with short bead.
4. Keeping time of Temper and Anneal after welding should be 1h/25mm in thickness.
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YSS Die Steels For Die Casting DAC Series
Heat Treatment
Standard Heat Treatment Process
Quenching 1,000 -1,050℃ Tempering
Thickness(mm) ≦15 25 50 75 100 125 150 200 300 Thickness(mm) ≦25 26-35 36-64 65-84 85-124 125-174 175-249 250-349 350-499
Air
25 Method 1
150
20 Method 2
Oil
100 15
10
50
5
0 0
Air Method 1 Method 2 Oil <0.05 <0.10 <0.15 <0.20 <0.25 <0.30
Quenching method Distortion rate (“bend” versus “length”)
Melting Resistance B B A C
Type of Nitriding General nitriding Deep nitriding Sulfurizing and nitriding Shallow nitriding
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High Quality
Plastic Mold Steels
HI-PM Series
YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series
HI-PM77 420 improved and Corrosion resistant mold bases, Rubber mold
resulpherized
(Round Bar)
Prehardened
38 - 42 PSL 630 improved Mold for polyvinyl chloride, Frothy resin, Rubber
(Flat Bar)
33 - 37
HI-PM38S 420 improved Mold for super mirror polish (Optical disc / Aspheric lens)
For Quench and Temper
magnetic, resulphurized
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YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series
CENA1
Transparent Mirror Polishability CENA1 HI-PM38 HI-PM38
HI-PM38
HI-PM7 A − C C A D D B B
HI-PM77 B − D D C B D C C
PSL D − B C A A D B D
CENA1 C − A B C C D C D
HI-PM MAGIC B − B C+ A D D B C
HI-PM PRO B ー A B B D D C D
HI-PM1 A − D D D D D D C
FDAC C − D D C D C C C
HI-PM38 C A A A C B C C D
HI-PM38S C A A A+ C B C C E
HI-PM31 C B A B D C B C D
HAP5R C C A B D E B B E
ZCD-M D C A D E C B D D
ZDP4 E D B B E C A E E
HI-PM75 E B D D E B C C E
YAG D B A A A D C A E
S55C A − C E C E E C A
SCM440 C − C D D D D C B
Ratings : A--Best C--Ordinary D, E--Poor
(Remarks) Please refer above as general concept.
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 3
YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series
Properties Comparison
Polishing Property 60 HI-PM31
(Schematic Diagram) YAG
HI-PM38 HI-PM38S
50
Hardness (HRC)
HI-PM MAGIC CENA1
40 HI-PM PRO
HI-PM7
30
20
HI-PM38
DAC-S
Machinability Grade Hardness Cutting Speed (Tool Life : Cutting Length 1m) Better
(HRC)
0 10 20 30 40 50
Drilling S55C 13
Tool:SKH51 φ10 SCM440 28
Feed:0.15mm/rev HI-PM7 32
Depth:30mm HI-PM38 32
Dry HI-PM77 32
PSL 35
HI-PM MAGIC 40
HI-PM1 40
FDAC 40
SKD11 A
HI-PM31 A
HI-PM75 (ST)
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 4
YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series
Properties Comparison
Wear Resistance Wear Ratio (mm3/mm・
2
mm)×10-7
Ohgoshi-method Wear Test Grade Hardness Better
(HRC) 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
Work Material SCM415
Load 67N SKD11 60
Friction Distance 400m
Friction Speed 0.78m/sec HI-PM31 59
ZDP4 65
SUS440C 57
ZCD-M 63
SKH51 63
HAP40 67
Physical Properties
(×10-6/℃)
Thermal Expantion Coef.
Thermal Conductivity
(W/m・K)
Grade Averaged value from 30℃ to each temp.
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 5
YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series
Features
Application
Non-glare Treatment Sample
● Most suitable for weldless molding.
● Countermeasure against corrosion by gas generated from resin.
● Other critical surface finish molds. Engineering resin products.
Creping Sample
PRO
Precipitation Hardening Grade 50
for Precise Mold Thickness 140mm
Charpy impact value(J/cm2)
40
HI-PM PRO is the steel for plastic molds which precise pursues 30
Features 10
●“Excellent machinability for high quality appearance”supports excellent Comparison of 2mmU notch
Charpy impact values
mirror polishability, creping, EDM surface (thanks to the special
melting method).
●“Toughness and machinability”supports stable mold making and
productivity.
Application
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 6
YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series
● General resin products for home electronics, equipment OA Auto and so on.
HI-PM1
Prehardened:37-41HRC
Free Machining Precipitation
Hardening Grade for Precise Mold
50
Features 30
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 7
YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series
HI-PM7
Prehardened: 29 - 33HRC
For Medium and Large Mold
for General Application
Features
Tail Lamp
● Uniform hardness distribution even in large crosssection.
(29-33HRC)
● Machinability is better than P20 or free machining steel.
● Excellent weldability with least hardness elevation. Endmill:Co-HSSφ3
V=22.5m/min
● Stable mirror polishability. f=0.0552mm/Blade
● Less streak texture and least hardness elevation on EDM a=2w×10H
surface make finishing easier. Wet
0.4
● Excellent toughness.
● Excellent nitriding property. SCM440
0.3
P21 improved
Tool Wear(mm)
(free cutting)
0.2
Application HI-PM7
0.0
● Auto parts: Headlamp, Tail lamp, Inner panel, etc.
● Home electronics, OA equipment, House equipment:
TV cabinet, Air conditioner, etc.
0
● Other large daily goods, Large container, Pipe, Rubber 2 4 6 B 10
Cutting Length(m)
Machinability Comparison
HI-PM7 No crack
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YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series
Features
Food Container
● Excellent mirror polishability
● Better corrosion-resistivity than 420.
Chromium plating is not necessary.
● Least heat treatment deformation, best fitted for precise mold.
Specimen:65T×100W×150L
● As HI-PM38 is supplied as prehardened condition, it can
Dimensional Distortion(%) Quench :1,030℃(VQ)
be used without further heat treatment also. N2gas Cooling
0.10
Application 0.05
Width
0
● Transparent items:Lense, Container for cosmetics, etc.
-0.05 Length
● Flame retardant resin products:Home electronics, OA
equipment
● For omitting plating:Food container, Medical instruments 56
Hardness(HRC)
54
52
Heat Treatment
50
Prehardened: 29-33HRC
HI-PM38S Hardenable to: 50-55HRC
For Super Mirror Polish Mold
Nonmetallic Inclusion Quantity (Index Number)
Features 100
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 9
YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series
PSL
33-37HRC(Flat bar)
38-42HRC(Round bar)
For Higher Grade
Anti-Corrosion Mold
Features
PVC Extruded Products
● Best corrosion resistance among plastic mold steels.
Plating is not needed.
● Least hardness elevation on EDM or welded surface and 〈Test Condition〉
easier finishing jobs. Solution:10%HCL
Temp.:40℃
SKD11
(58HRC)
Prehardened: 29-33HRC
HI-PM77 Free Machining Martensitic
Stainless Grade for Mold Base
Features
Application
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YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series
IC Mold
Application
N2gasCooling
Heat Treatment
0.15
Width Thickness
● Quenching:1,000-1,050℃ Air Cooling 0.05
62
60
58
56
54
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 11
YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series
Aging Grade
Hardenable to: 52-57HRC
YAG Super High Toughness
Maraging Steel
Ejector pin
Features
3000
Notch Strength(N/mm2)
hardness and best fitted against breakage
● Super mirror polishability
2000
● Hardness of 55HRC is obtainable by aging at 500℃ with
least distortion
SKD61
1000
Application
SCM440
● Optical lens
● Thin core pin 0
20 30 40 50 60
● Ejector pin, either of small diameter or of long length Hardness(HRC)
Features
(Remarks)
Slower machining recommended as it is easily hardened by machining.
Application
Plastic Magnet
● Plastic magnet
● Wear resistant, non-magnetic supportive tools
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YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series
Remarks:
A. For superior polishing use diamond compound.
Don't use alumina nor chromium-oxide compound.
Diamond Compound Finish Aluminium Oxide Finish Not Good Chromium Oxide Finish Not Good
Scratch remains due to Seam and pinhole texture at Pinhole texture by inapropriate
overload. crossing by less foregoing polish rust proof.
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YSS Plastic Mold Steels HI-PM Series
Attentive points
1. Preparations before welding
A. Form of location to get welded should be made smooth as Figure 1.
B. Cracks and treated surface (nitrided or plated) must be eliminated.
C. Oil, dust, moisture and scale must be removed thoroughly.
≧5C
W>4D
W
R>D
45° R
≧5R
D
2. Welding rod
A. Welding rod of similar composition as mold is to be used so that welding may not bring
about unevenness of mirror finish or creping surface.
When the mold is made from HI-PM MAGIC, use welding rod made from HI-PM MAGIC-W.
Likewise, in case fo TIG welding there are T-HTM-31 and T-HTM38 in the market for
welding for mold made from HI-PM31 and HI-PM38.
B. In case of using coated electrode, weldling rod should be dried by heating to 250-300℃
before using.
3. Welding
A. Figure 2 shows example of actual welding jobs of representative grades.
Mold Steel
Welding Welding Rod Condition Heat Cycle
Grade
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Plastic Mold Steel
CENA1
Yss Advanced Plastic Mold Steel CENA1
®
Concept of CENA1
CENA1 is a high performance plastic mold with rust resistivity and excellent
machinability. CENA1 has excellent purity and suit for critical surface finish.
Better HI-PM38
CENA1
Rust Resistivity
HI-P M7
Machinability Better
Properties Comparison
Hardness Rust Mirror EDM
Grade (HRC) Machinability Resistivity Polishability Crepability Finishability
CENA1 37-42 B B A A A
HI-PMPRO 37-41 B C A A A
HI-PM7 29-33 A D C C C
HI-PM38 50-55 C A A B A
(excellent “A” ⇔ poor “D”)
Application
• Weldless molds, Heat & cool molds (Molds that rust preventing)
e.g. Glossy molding of TV bezel, Glossy molding , Molding for products with high quality surface of mobile
equipments parts, OA equipments parts, auto parts. thick transparent parts for game machine , etc.
• Mold requiring sensitive surface as mirror polishing, creping and EDM
e.g. Mold of housing of mobile equipments, video camera, home electronics (ex. Vacuum cleaner, Air
conditioner), auto parts (ex. Inner panel, Transparent cover), cosmetics case, bottle
• General molds for long life: Making the maintenance easy by rust resistance increase
• Mold of food container
• Rubber mold
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Yss Advanced Plastic Mold Steel CENA1
Rust Resistivity
CENA1 has improved rust resistivity compared with conventional 40HRC prehardened grade.
Conventional P21
CENA1 HI-PM MAGIC P20Ni Improved Grade
【Condition】
Finished by #800 emery paper,
Temperature: 80℃
Humidity: 90%
2 hour hold
CENA1 increases mold durability against corrosion by gas generated from resin.
Gas generated from resin often becomes high temperature by injection pressure and corrode the mold.
It brings cloudiness of mirror surface and burr of injected parts. CENA1 improves above gas-corrosion
resistance by alloy combination.
Resin
POM Flame Retardant ABS
Steel Grade
CENA1
Conventional
P21 Improved
Grade
5 mm 50μm 5 mm
<Figure>
Accelerated gas-corrosion tests by a mold that is made to shut gas intentionally.
Observation results of mirror-finished mold surface after 3000 shots of POM and ABS flame retardant grade.
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Yss Advanced Plastic Mold Steel CENA1
Machinability
CENA1 decrease tool wear in endmilling and promote cutting efficiency.
Endmilling Example
This sample was machined by one endmill for 22 hours.
Machined surface roughness is very smooth.
L/D=250 0.12mm
Incline:1.5°
30mm
Rz = 2.3 mm
Ra75 = 0.26 mm
40mm 40mm
Roughness curve (Longitudinal: × 2,000, Horizontal × 50) 1.69mm
(μm)
Tool: φ 3.0 2 teeth,
10
EPDR2030-30-05-TH (Hitachi Tool)
5 Machine: MAKINO V33
Cutting Verocity: 50 m/min (5300 min -1)
0
Feed: 0.06 mm/tooth (640 mm/min)
−5 Cutting Depth: 0.06 mm
Pick Feed: 0.12 mm
−10 Dry (Air Blow)
0 1 2 3 (mm) Cutting time: 22 Hr
Number of tool use: 1
Same condition cutting on conventional P21 steel needs 2 endmills.
Mirror Polishability
CENA1 has very low non-metallic inclusion content and excellent mirror polishability.
HI-PM38
Hardness (HRC)
50
40 CENA1
HI-PM MAGIC
HI-PM PRO
30 HI-PM7
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Yss Advanced Plastic Mold Steel CENA1
CENA1
100×100×50 (mm)
Nitriding Property
By nitriding, 1000HV surface hardness is obtained easily on CENA1, that is effctive
against wearing of slide core or reinforced resin mold.
1200
Vacuum Nitriding 510℃×10h
1000
Hardness (HV)
800 CENA1
600
Conventional P21
400 Improved Grade
200
0
0
0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25
*The care is necessary to avoid breakage by over-hardening especially for small dia. pin or sharp
edge part. It is recommended to apply lower nitriding temperature or weak nitriding condition.
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Yss Advanced Plastic Mold Steel CENA1
Weldability
As welded area hardness variety of CENA1 is less than conventional grades, mold is
able to be repaired and finished easily.
500
Hardness (HV)
Welding 400
Tempering
Pre-heating Post-heating 450-550℃
200-450℃ 200-400℃ 300
1h/25mm HAZ* HAZ*
Metal base Welded zone Metal base
200
>100℃ Air -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
Cooling
(mm)
Distance from Center
Hardness Tensile Strength 0.2%Yield Strength Elongation Reduction of Area 2U Charpy impact value
Grade
(HRC) (N/mm2) (N/mm2) (%) (%) (J/cm2)
Physical Properties
Specific Gravity 7.78
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Yss Advanced Plastic Mold Steel CENA1
Actual Performance
Rust Resistivity
Electronics Parts Least rusting during WEDM for 1 week. Rust removing process becomes unnecessary.
Mechanical Parts Resistant to corrosive gas generated by advanced engineering resins. Mold durability is improved.
• Many small pins were made by EDM machining. Better EDM surface has been obtained
TV Speaker
compared with conventional grade.
Weldless Molds
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High Speed Tool Steels
YSS High Speed Tool Steels
JIS AISI/ASTM
Grade equivalent W.Nr C Cr W Mo V Co
DIN/ISO
M2
YXM1 SKH51 1.3343 0.80-0.90 3.80-4.50 6.00-7.00 4.80-5.80 1.80-2.30 −
HS6-5-2
−
YXM4 SKH55 1.3243 0.85-0.95 3.80-4.50 6.00-7.00 4.80-5.80 1.80-2.30 4.50-5.50
Conventional High Speed Tool Steels
HS6-5-2-5
Molybdenum
HSS YXM27 − − 1.15-1.25 3.80-4.50 4.80-5.80 5.80-6.80 2.60-2.80 −
M42
YXM42 SKH59 1.3247 1.00-1.10 3.50-4.25 1.25-2.00 9.00-10.00 1.00-1.50 7.75-8.75
HS2-9-1-8
Vanadium −
XVC5 SKH57 1.3207 1.20-1.30 3.80-4.50 9.00-11.00 3.00-4.00 3.20-3.70 9.50-10.50
HSS
HS10-4-3-10
Tungsten T1
HSS YHX2 SKH2 1.3355 0.73-0.83 3.80-4.50 17.00-18.00 − 0.80-1.20 −
HS18-0-1
Matrix
YXR3 HSS − 0.6 4.3 − 2.9 1.8 −
Matrix Matrix
YXR33 HSS − 0.5 4.2 1.6 2.0 1.2 1.0 or less
HSS
Matrix
YXR7 HSS − 0.8 4.7 1.3 5.5 1.3 −
P/M High Speed Tool Steels
−
HAP40 SKH40 − 1.27-1.37 3.70-4.70 5.60-6.40 4.60-5.40 2.80-3.30 7.50-8.50
HS6-5-3-8
YSS High Speed Tool Steels are used not only for cutting tools but also
various forming tools which require higher wear resistance and
toughness. Along with conventional type steels, there are some grades
made by powder metallurgy process (HAP series) that has superb wear
resistance and toughness because of higher alloy content and uniform
fine microstructure.
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YSS High Speed Tool Steels
YXM4 Standard Cobalt alloyed Molybdenum high speed steel with superior heat resistance
Conventional High Speed Tool Steels
Molybdenum
HSS YXM27 High Vanadium high speed steel with good wear resistance and grindability
YXM42 Super-hard high speed steel suitable for cutting for hard materials
YXM60 High-performance high speed steel with superior durability, toughness and grindability
Vanadium
HSS XVC5 High-performance Cobalt alloyed Vanadium high speed steel with wear/heat resistance
Tungsten
YHX2 Standard Tungsten high speed steel
HSS
YXR3 Matrix high speed steel for forging tools with superior toughness
Matrix
YXR33 Matrix high speed steel for forging tools with most superior toughness
HSS
YXR7 Matrix high speed steel for forging tools with superior strength/toughness
P/M High Speed Tool Steels
HAP40 Most standard grade with good balance of hardness, toughness and wear resistance
HAP72 Good heat wear resistance and highest obtainable hardness of 70HRC
Outstanding Features;
・High toughness
・High wear resistance
・Stabilized heat treatment property
・Stable performance due to uniform and fine carbide distribution
・Good mechanical properties coming from fine and uniform grain size
・High purity with least inclusions and gases
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 3
YSS High Speed Tool Steels
ce
an
rm
fo
er
e p
ic h
rv ig
HAP72
se or h
: original steel
XVC5 P/M high speed steel
Strength
HAP40
YXM4
Wear resistance, Strength
CRD HAP10
YXM1 Toughness
Strength HAP5R
Wear resistance YXR7
SLD-MAGIC Matrix high speed steel
SLD
YXR3
ARK1 Toughness
Air hardened steel
ACD37
Excellent machinability
YXR33
SGT
HMD5
tion mall
duc d s
Flame hardend
pro plifie
HI-PM MAGIC
Toughness
YXM1 A C C C B
YXM4 A C B C B
YXM27 B C B C B
YXM42 A B A B C
YXM60 A B A B C
XVC5 A C A D D
YHX2 A C C B C
YXR3 D D D A A
YXR33 C D D A A
YXR7 D C C C B
HAP10 D C A B B
HAP40 B B A C B
HAP50 B B A B B
HAP72 B A A D D
HAP5R D D C B A
Excellent “A”→ Ordinary “C”→ Poor “E”
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YSS High Speed Tool Steels
Grade (
Hardness (mm3(mm
Specific wear / 2
・mm)
x10-7) Grade (
Hardness Wear(Volume loss; YXM1=1)
HRC) HRC)
0.5 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0
HAP72 70.0
SKD11 60.5
Test condition
Co-friction material:SCM415 Friction length:400m
Load:67N (6.8kgf) Friction speed:0.78m/sec
HAP5R
YXR7
(kgf/mm2)
ARK1
(J/cm2)
(N/mm2)
10R Charpy Impact Value
15 150 4000
400
Bending Strength
SLD
HAP5R YXM27
ARK1 YXR3
10 100 XVC5 HAP72
300 3000
SGT
6 60 V6
HAP10 V5
SLD8 YXR7 YXM1 200 2000
4 40 CRD V4
SLD cemented carbide
HAP40
2 HAP72 20
YXM4
XVC5 100 1000
0 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72
54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 0
Hardness (HRC)
Hardness (HRC)
YXM60
HAP40
HAP50
HAP72
Grade
YXM1
YXM4
YHX2
XVC5
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 5
YSS High Speed Tool Steels
Recommended Grade
Application
For general use For hard material cutting For high speed heavy duty cutting
YXM60, YXM42(66-68)
Drill YXM1(63-66) HAP40, HAP50(66-68)
HAP50(66-68), HAP72(68-70)
YXM27(65-67), HAP10
Tap YXM1(63-66) YXM27(65-67), HAP40(65-67)
HAP40(65-67), HAP72(68-70)
YXM27(65-67)
Shaving cutter YXM1(64-66)
YXM42, YXM60(66-68)
YXR3(58-61)
Wood cutter YXM42(66-68) YXM4(65-67)
YXM1, YHX2(62-65)
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YSS High Speed Tool Steels
Recommended Grade
Required
Application hardness range For mass production use
For general use
(HRC)
For abrasion resistance For impact resistance
Blanking die 58 - 62 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 HAP10, HAP40 YXM1, YXR7, HAP5R
Rolls Cold rolling mill rolls 80HS Min SLD, SLD-MAGIC YXM1, HAP50, HAP40
Thin material (under 3 mm) 55 - 60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, HAP40 YXR3, YXR7
Other Triming
dies
Thick material (3 mm or over) 50 - 55 DAC, DM
Thin material plate (under 3mm) 55 - 60 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXM1, YXR7 YXR3
Shearing
blades
(Straight Medium material plate (3mm to 9mm) 53 - 58 SLD, SLD-MAGIC, ARK1 YXR33
Machine blades)
cutlery
Heavy material plate (10 mm or over) 48 - 53 DM
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 7
YSS High Speed Tool Steels
Grade
Quenched and
Annealing Quenching Tempering Annealed (HBW) tempered
(HRC)
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 8
YSS High Speed Tool Steels
Austenitizing temperature
Holding time
T
2nd stage preheating Refer to
850˚C the table
Holding time (sec) 60 90 160 240 280 350 390 420 440 495
Salt bath
Magnification(Holding time/Thickness) ×12 ×9 ×8 ×8 ×7 ×7 ×6.5 ×6 ×5.5 ×5.5
(Remarks) Tempering is needed more than 2 times for grades containing no cobalt and needed more
than 3 times for grades cobalt alloyed in order to make it tough enough.
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 9
YSS High Speed Tool Steels
68 68 1,220℃
68 69
1,260℃ 1,210℃ 1,200℃
1,240℃
1,220℃ 66 1,240℃ 66
66 1,180℃
1,220℃ 68
1,190℃
Hardness (HRC)
Hardness (HRC)
Hardness (HRC)
Hardness (HRC)
64 64
64 1,170℃ 67
62 1,200℃ 62
1,200℃
58 56 56 64
500 520 540 560 580 600 620 500 520 540 560 580 600 620 500 520 540 560 580 600 500 520 540 560 580
Tempering temperature
(℃) Tempering temperature
(℃) Tempering temperature
(℃) Tempering temperature
(℃)
YXM6 0 XVC5 YH X2
70 68
70 1,300℃
1,280℃
68 66
1,260℃ 1,260℃
1,200℃
1,240℃
68 66 64
1,180℃ 1,220℃
Hardness (HRC)
Hardness (HRC)
Hardness (HRC)
1,200℃
64 62
1,240℃
66
1,180℃ 1,220℃
1,160℃ 62 60
1,160℃ 1,200℃
64 60 58
1,180℃
62 58 56
520 540 560 580 600 520 540 560 580 600 620 500 520 540 560 580 600 620
Tempering temperature
(℃) Tempering temperature
(℃) Tempering temperature
(℃)
66
YXR3 YXR33 YXR7
62 70
64 60
1,125℃ 68
62 1,150℃ 58
1,140℃ 1,180℃
1,175℃
60 56 66 1,160℃
Hardness (HRC)
1,120℃
Hardness (HRC)
Hardness (HRC)
58 54
64
1,080℃
56 52
1,140℃
54 50 62
52 48 1,120℃
60
50 46
48 44 58
500 550 600 650 500 550 600 650 500 520 540 560 580 600
Tempering temperature
(℃) Tempering temperature
(℃) Tempering temperature
(℃)
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it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 10
YSS High Speed Tool Steels
Hardness (HRC)
Hardness (HRC)
Hardness (HRC)
64 1,160℃
60
1,120℃ 64
62
58
1,100℃
1,100℃ 60 1,075℃
62
56
1,075℃
1,050℃
1,050℃ 58
54 1,025℃
1,025℃ 60
52 56
520 540 560 580 600 520 540 560 580 600 500 520 540 560 580 600
Tempering temperature
(℃) Tempering temperature
(℃) Tempering temperature
(℃)
HAP7 2 H AP5R
72
66
1,200℃
70 1,180℃
64
1,160℃
1,220℃
68 62
1,180℃
Hardness (HRC)
Hardness (HRC)
1,160℃ 1,140℃
66 60
1,120℃
64 58
1,100℃
62 56
60 54
500 520 540 560 580 600 500 520 540 560 580 600
Tempering temperature
(℃) Tempering temperature
(℃)
<Attention> The characteristics, photos, charts, rankings and evaluations of this catalog are representative value by our test data,
it does not guarantee the quality of the product. This catalog and its contents are subject to change without notice. 11
Head Office SEAVANS North Building, 1-2-1, Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tel. +81-3-5765-4410
Tokyo 105-8614, Japan Fax. +81-3-5765-8317
High-Grade Metals Company
Head Office Cha Shan Town, Dong Guan City, 522380, China Tel. +86-769-8640-6726
Fax. +86-769-8640-6716
Shanghai Branch No.155 jiu yuan road, Qingpu industrial zone, Tel. +86-21-3929-2202
Qingpu District, Shanghai, 201712, China Fax. +86-21-3929-2201
Tianjin Jinnan No.11,Jianshe 4th Branch Road, Balitai Town, Tel. +86-22-8699-3101/3102
Branch Jinnan District,Tianjin, 300350, China Fax. +86-22-8699-3103
Dalian Branch 3#-2, Koushin Mould Industrial Park Ⅲ B-1-1-1F. Tel. +86-411-8718-1011/1022
T. Z. Dalian, 116600, China Fax. +86-411-8718-1033
Our address and contact indicated in this catalog are those as of January 2015.
If you cannot put a call through, please contact our Corporate Communications
Office in Tokyo below.