ART APPRECIATION

ND
2 SEM | MIDTERMS | MT2A
Tricia Corinne Isagon

HUMANITIES CONTRASTING LINES

- It encompasses all studies which aim to make
students “human” in as much as it was derived from
the Latin word “humanus”, meaning human,
cultured or refined.
- It includes not only the fine arts such as painting,
sculpture, and architecture, but also the performing
arts such as music, dance, drama, and opera, and the
literary arts such as prose and poetry.
ARTS
- Webster: Art is “human ingenuity in adapting
natural things to mans’ use.”
- Art came from the word “ars” which means skill,
cunning, artifice, and craft.
- combination of vertical and horizontal lines or
diagonal lines or in opposite directions.
MODIFIED LINES
- combination of straight lines and curved lines or
combination of lines with varying shapes.
COLORS
- most important and most noticeable of all the
elements
- dependent on the presence of the light
ADJACENT COLORS
- colors situated next to each other in the color
wheel.

ANALOGOUS COLORS
ELEMENTS OF THE VISUAL ARTS - three neighboring colors with one color in all
LINE mixtures
- series of connected dots or prolongation of a point
- springboard of their finished products. COMPLEMENTARY COLORS
- graphic arts and plastic arts start with lines. - situated opposite each other in the color wheel.

VERTICAL LINES SPLIT COMPLEMENTARY COLORS

- height or stature, poise, balance, force, strength,
dignity, and dynamism.
HORIZONTAL LINES
- indicate width, rest, repose, quietness, calmness,
serenity, infinity, contemplation, and inaction.
DIAGONAL LINES
- manifest movement, action, and direction.
- three colors forming a Y in the color wheel.
TRADIC COLORS
- three colors forming a triangle in the color wheel.
COOL COLORS
- inconspicuous and not striking to the eyes
- receding colors, they suggest distance, tranquility,
sobriety, and restfulness.

BROKEN LINES WARM COLORS

- broken or jagged lines connote chaos, confusion, - conspicuous and striking to the eyes.
tension, disturbance, violence, or war. - advancing colors

STRAIGHT LINES LIGHT COLORS/TINTS

- exhibit steadiness, stiffness, stillness, inactivity, - values lower than the normal value.
and force.
DARK COLORS/SHADE
CURVED LINES - values higher than the normal value.
- concave (inward) or convex (outward) indicate
movements that are smooth. PRIMATIC COLORS/RAINBOW
- form or a prism.
REPEATING LINES - red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet.
- succession of vertical, horizontal, diagonal or
curved lines used to show rhythm. NEUTRAL COLORS
- balance
 ELONGATION
TEXTURE - presenting the subject in an elongated form.
- associated with the sense of touch. - done by stretching the object.
- surface characteristics of an area.
CUBISM
SHAPE - presenting the subject with the use of cubes and
- contributes to the final form of the artwork. other geometric figures.
- one of the most influential visual art styles of the
SPACE early twentieth century.
- area or surface occupied by the artwork.
ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM
VOLUME - presenting the subject with the use of strong color,
- amount of space occupied by an object in three uneven brush strokes, and rough texture and with the
dimensions. deliberate lack of refinement in the application of
the paint.
PERSPECTIVE
- point of view, angle vision, or frame of reference. SURREALISM
- where the artist stands to view his subject as he - "beyond realism"
creates his artwork.
SYMBOLISM
FORM - presenting the subject symbolically
- overall composition of the artwork.
- describes the entire shape or organization of the FAUVISM
thing or object created. - optimistic realism.
  - presenting the real-life subject with the use of
bright colors suggesting comfort, joy and pleasure.
PAINTING
- Painting is a mode of creative expression, and the FUTURISM
forms are numerous.  - realism in the future.
- Can be naturalistic and representational (as in - presenting a subject that relates not to the present,
a still life or landscape painting), photographic, but to the future.
abstract, narrative, symbolistic (as in Symbolist
art), emotive (as in Expressionism), or political in IMPRESSIONISM
nature (as in Artivism). - presenting the real-life subject with emphasis on
the impression left in the artist mind or perception,
METHODS OF PRESENTING THE SUBJECTS
REALISM/NATURALISM DADAISM
- method of presenting subjects as they appear in - presenting the real-life subject with the intention to
real life. shock the audience through the exposition of the
- attempt to represent subject matter truthfully, evils in society.
without artificiality and avoiding artistic
conventions, implausible, exotic and supernatural EXPRESSIONISM
elements. - emotional realism.
- presenting the real life subject with the intention to
ABSTRACTIONISM express emotions, pathos, chaos, fear, violence,
- “drawing away from realism” defeat, morbidity, and tragedy.
- meaning to draw away.
LOCAL PAINTERS
DISTORTION Fernando Cueto Amorsolo
- misshaped or altered form. - one of the most important artists in the history of
painting in the Philippines.
MANGLING - portraitist and painter of rural Philippine
- presenting the subject with parts which are cut, landscapes.
lacerated, mutilated, or hacked with repeated blows. -popularly known for his craftsmanship and mastery
in the use of light.
Benedicto Reyes Cabrera  SCULPTURE
- "BenCab", is a Filipino painter and was - branch of the visual arts that operates in three
awarded National Artist of the Philippines for Visual dimensions.
Arts (Painting) in 2006. - one of the plastic arts.
- noted as "arguably the best-selling painter of his - durable sculptural processes originally
generation of Filipino artists." used carving and modelling

Damián Domingo y Gabor  LOCAL SCULPTURES

- a Chinese Filipino painter. Napoleon Abueva
- established the official Philippine art academy in Kaganapan
his residence in Tondo Kiss of Judas
Thirty Pieces of Silver
Carlos Modesto Villaluz Francisco The Transfiguration
- known as Botong UP Gateway
- amuralist from Angono, Rizal.
Rey Contreras
FOREIGN PAINTERS The Trees
Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni Journey
- an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet of Mother and Child
the High Renaissance Michael Caenio
- exerted an unparalleled influence on the 1944 ASEAN Sculpture Exhibit
development of Western art.
Eduardo Castrillo
Leonardo da Vinci  Youth Cry of Defiance
- was an Italian polymath whose areas of interest Spirit of Pinaglabanan
are invention, painting, sculpting, architecture, Raja Sulayman
science, music, mathematics, anatomy, botany, Col. Juan Villamor
engineering, literature, geology, astronomy, writing,
history, and cartography. FOREIGN SCULPTURES
Giovanni Bernini
Edgar Degas Ecstasy of St. Theresa
- french artist famous for his paintings, sculptures, St. Maria Della
prints, and drawings. Louis XIV
- identified with the subject of dance; more than half Death of Lodovica Albertoni
of his works depict dancers.
Michelangelo Bounarroti
Henri-Émile-Benoît Matisse Pieta
- french artist, known for his use of color and his David
fluid
- a draughtsman, printmaker, and sculptor, but is Donatello
known primarily as a painter. St. Mark
St. George and the Dragon
St. Louis of Toulouse

Lorenzo Ghiberti
Gates of Paradise
 ARCHITECTURE
- art and science of designing and constructing
buildings, bridges, and other structures to satisfy
individual and communal needs
- a complex art since they do not only to create the
design of the exterior of the building or similar
structure, but also to do the design of its interior.
KINDS OF ARCHITECTURAL
CONSTRUCTION
Post and Lintel
- consists of a horizontal beam called lintel and two
vertical posts to support it. It is usually found in
doors and entrances.
- “Stonehenge”
Cantilever
- has two vertical posts for support and a horizontal
beam with one end more extended than the other.
- steel or wood
Arch
- consists of several wedge-shaped blocks of stone
called voussoirs held together by a key stone.
- served to support other structures such as roof and
to be a symbolic gateway.
Dome
- large hemispherical roof or ceiling that looks like
an inverted cup.
- an extension of the principle of the arch capable of
enclosing a wide area
- “The Dome of the Rock”
Vault
- arched structure of masonry usually forming a roof
or ceiling.
- it is an extension of the principle of the arch
capable of enclosing a vast expense of space.
- has several types, namely; barrel vault, groined
vault, cross vault, Welsh vault, and cloister vault.
Truss
- consists of a braced framework of beams or bars
forming one or more triangles.
- assemblage of beams forming a rigid framework, it
is usually used to support the roof.
LOCAL ARCHITECTS
Carlos D. Arguelles
- contemporary Juan Nakpil,
- designed the Philamlife Building for United
Nations Avenue, considered as one of the finest
buildings in Southest Asia (Espina et al., 2004).
- designed Development Bank of the Philippines and
Philippine National Bank on Escolta.
Armando Dominador N. Alli
- an architect, planner, and environment consultant
- has been for more than two decades a practitioner
in technological professions, preparing
comprehensive land use plans, development master
plans, site master plans, transportation
system/facility plans, architectural designs for
commercial, institutional, recreational, and
residential structures, and allied design work.
Pablo S. Antonio
- National Artist of the Philippine for Architecture in
1976 by Pres. Ferdinand Marcos
- a pioneer of modern Philippine architecture.
- finished his education at the University of London
with the financial assistant in the Legislative
Building project.
- designed the Ideal Theater, Life Theater, Manila
Polo Club, and far Easter University Campus.
Juan M. De Guzman Arellano
- greatly influenced by Art Deco architecture
- best known for Manila's Metropolitan Theater,
which was controversially modern during his time.
FOREIGN ARCHITECTS
Adolf Loos
- an Austrian architect,
- one of the most important pioneers of the modern
movement in architecture.
- his major works are Caf Museum, Wohnung
Leopold Langer, Wohnung Rudolf Kraus, Steiner
House, Scheu House, Horner House, Rufer House,
and Villa Stross are all in Vienna, Austria.
Fumihiko Maki
- a major figure in Japanese architecture because of
his architectural and urban design and his
contributions to architectural theory.
- his major works are Hillside Terrace Apartment
Complex in Fujisawa, National Museum of Modern
Art in Kyoto, and Tokoyo Church of Christ, all in
Japan.
Frank Llyod Wright
- world-renowned American architect,
- one of the architects in the world whose designs
are studied by students and professionals in the field.
- his major works are Kauffman |House in Bear Run,
Pennyslvannia, Geggenheim Meseum in New York,
Johnson Wax Building in Wisconsin and Unity
Church in Oak Park Illinois.
Gottfried Boehm - advancements in music technology brought the
- German architect birth of many new types of dances.
- worked for Rudolf Schwarz, - introduction of electronic and rock music
- his major Zublin Office Building (1985) in - India did not care much for those styles and they
Stuttgart, Town Hall in Bernsberg, Municipal incorporated dance of their gods to everyday life and
Building in Rheinberg, Restaurant in Bad was and profitable Bollywood movie scene.
Kreuznach, Deutsche Bank in Luxembourg, and  House dance
Public Library (2004) in Ulm, all in Germany.  Punk dance
dance  Rave dance
 Disco dance
 Bollywood dance
DANCE
- performance art form consisting of purposefully Hip-hop & Funk Dance
selected sequences of human movement. - a very similar style called Funk was also created
- movement has aesthetic and symbolic value, and is during 1970s, and is today regarded as one of the
acknowledged as dance by performers and observers most influential pieces of Hip-hop dance styles.
within a culture  Breakdance (Breaking)
- can be categorized and described by
 Bounce
its choreography, by its repertoire of movements, or
 Electric boogaloo
by its historical period or place of origin.
 Street Jazz
KINDS OF DANCE  Jookin'
Ballroom Dances  Locking
- started in Italy, during the early years of  Popping
Renaissance.
- popularity of this kind of entertainment quickly ELEMENTS OF DANCE
swept over the Europe, United States and the World. BODY
 Waltz - sometimes relatively still and sometimes changing
 Viennese Waltz as the dancer moves in place or travels through the
 Tango dance area.
 Cha-Cha-Cha
ACTION
 Rumba
- any human movement included in the act of
 Samba dancing
 Mambo - it can include dance steps, facial movements,
 Jive partner lifts, gestures, and even everyday
 Bolero movements such as walking.
- made up of streams of movement and pauses, so
Performance Dances action refers not only to steps and sequences, but
- first introduced in the early years of Italian also to pauses and moments of relative stillness.
Renaissance when music, dance, arts and poetry
started to rise in popularity after the millennia of SPACE
medieval stagnation. - relationships of the dancers to each other may be
- refined by the efforts of the France and Russia, based on geometric designs or rapidly change as
ballet became the premier technical concert dance. they move close together, then apart.
- hailed as one of the most revered and most - when a dancer is dancing alone in a solo, the
complicated dance of all time, ballet continued its dancer is dynamically involved in the space of the
rise to worldwide domination. performing area so that space might almost be
 Ballet considered a partner in the dance. 
 Contemporary Dance
 Concert Dance TIME
 Modern Dance - when? 
 Tap Dance - human movement is naturally rhythmic in the
broad sense that we alternate activity and rest.
Modern Dances
ENERGY
- how the movement happens.
- movement flow and the use of force, tension, and
weight. An arm gesture might be free flowing or
easily stopped, and it may be powerful or gentle,
tight or loose, heavy or light
LOCAL CHOREOGRAPHERS
OSPIAS BARROSO
- “Ballerina’s Prince
- one of the finest danseurs of his generation and
since 1990 has performed the lead roles in both local
and international productions of major full-length
ballets, including Le Corsaire, La Bayadere, Don
Quixote, Swan Lake, Giselle, The Nutcracker and
Romeo and Juliet.
LIZA MACUJA
- “Ballerina of the People”,
- the present artistic director and prima ballerina of
Ballet Manila, which she help create in 1995.
- recently elected as vice-chairperson of the
Philippine UNESCO National Commission,
- received numerous citations among which are the
Ten Outstanding Young Filipino Nation’s Service
(TOWNS) in 1989.
FOREIGN CHOREOGRAPHERS
GEORGE BALANCHINE
- born and raised in Russia, Balanchine is notable
figure in the history of American ballet.
- choreographed for the famous
- founder of School of American Ballet.
ALVIN AILEY
- modern dance genius.
- constructed 79 ballets during his life.
- dance company: Alvin Ailey American Dance
Theater, has produced over 200 pieces by over 70
choreographers.
MUSIC
- Music is the art of combining sounds of varying
pitch to produce a coherent composition that is
melodious, harmonious, intelligible and expressive
of ideas.
KINDS OF MUSIC
Vocal Music
- music produced by the voices of singers. The
singing is done without the accompaniment of
musical instruments.
Mixed Music or Mixed Ensemble
- combination of vocal music and instrumental
music.
- usually perform in Mass, Requiem Mass, opera,
oratorio and cantata. Even a symphony orchestra
may employ a vocal soloist or a chorus.
Ensemble
Ensemble music is a music rendered by a group of
performers – singer s and/or players of musical
instruments.
PHOTOGRAPHY
- Photography is the science, art, application and
practice of creating durable images by
recording light or other electromagnetic radiation,
either electronically by means of an image sensor, or
chemically by means of a light-sensitive material
such as photographic film.
TYPES OF PHOTOGRAPHY
Film photography
- first flexible film roll was marketed by George
Eastman in 1885,
- original "film" was a coating on a paper base.
- the image-bearing layer was stripped from the
paper and transferred to a hardened gelatin support.
- first transparent plastic roll film (1889) was made
from highly flammable nitrocellulose ("celluloid"),
now usually called "nitrate film".
Black-and-white
- monochrome
- continued to dominate for decades due to its lower
cost and its "classic" photographic look.
- tones and contrast between light and dark areas
define black-and-white photography.
Color photography 
- photography that uses media capable of
reproducing colors.
- black-and-white (monochrome) photography
records only a single channel of
luminance (brightness) and uses media capable only
of showing shades of gray.