PhD Project - Industrial Engineer

http://www.elespectador.com/files/imagecache/560_width_display/imagenprincipal/b18c93f555915a3ec228f5ae3b242f60.jpg https://www.pinterest.com/avukatisik/car-dashboard/ http://autosinlimites.net/2013/08/page/9/

Driver behavior comparison when using different

automotive Interfaces
Ing. J. Alejandro Betancur MSc.
Center for ergonomics studies, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana
j-betancur@javeriana.edu.co
2017 – Bogotá D.C. - Colombia

Pontificia Universidad Javeriana

Exposition index

Development stages

A B C D
Current context about PhD. Planning and advances Main objectives Research
Head-Up displays Expectations
First Activity

Second Activity

Third Activity

Fourth Activity
A. Current context about Head-Up Displays
B. PhD project planning and advances
First activity: State of the art

First activity (1) : To propose a state of the art from which the main hot trend topics about HUD systems could be
identified and compared quantitatively; this aiming at determining the most outstanding research works that could
influence in a HUD product architecture and interface proposal.
B. PhD project planning and advances
First activity: State of the art

Second activity: Third activity: Fourth activity:

Product architecture Driving behavior Voice and haptic interfaces
B. PhD project planning and advances
Second activity: Product architecture
B. PhD project planning and advances
Second activity: Product architecture
B. PhD project planning and advances
Second activity: Product architecture
(2) To propose a scalable testing bench, for exploring the constructive parameters involved in the
HUD product architecture proposed at (1); also, to define a configuration for these parameters
related to current HUD applications.
B. PhD project planning and advances
Third activity: Driving behavior
Stimulus Exposition time
Liu & Wen (2004)
Woodworth & Schlosberg (1954)
Stimulus size
DIN EN ISO 15008 (2009)
USA Department of Defense (1998)
Colenbrander (1988)
Stimulus delay time
Pastor, M. (1996) Stimulus colour
Green et al. (1961) Merenda et al. (2016)
Smith & Fu (2011)
Brown et al. (2011)
Stimulus position
Tretten et al. (2011)
Yoo et al. (1999)
B. PhD project planning and advances
Third activity: Driving behavior

Stimulus Exposition time

Stimulus Size
Stimulus Delay time
Stimulus Colour
Stimulus Position
B. PhD project planning and advances
Third activity: Driving behavior

Stimulus Exposition time

Stimulus Size
Stimulus Delay time
Stimulus Colour
Stimulus Position
B. PhD project planning and advances
Third activity: Driving behavior

(3) To propose and justify quantitatively from hazard

detection and avoidance, a visual guideline for the
specific HUD product architecture explored at (2).
B. PhD project planning and advances
Fourth activity: Voice and haptic interfaces
B. PhD project planning and advances
Fourth activity: Voice and haptic interfaces
B. PhD project planning and advances
Fourth activity: Voice and haptic interfaces
B. PhD project planning and advances
Fourth activity: Voice and haptic interfaces
B. PhD project planning and advances
Fourth activity: Voice and haptic interfaces
B. PhD project planning and advances
Fourth activity: Voice and haptic interfaces

¿Driver acceptance questionnaire?

(4) To compare in terms of activation time and throughout

touchless gestures, command buttons and voice commands,
the differences when handling a proposed HUD interface by
using the testing bench proposed at (2).
C. Main objectives
First activity: State of the art

Second activity: Product architecture

Third activity: Driving behavior Fourth activity: Voice and haptic interfaces

Main objectives
To design visual guidelines for Human- For a specific HUD interface, to identify and evaluate
Machine Interaction between drivers and a the driver responses when using haptics, voice and
predefined HUD system. touchless interaction systems for handling it.
D. Research expectations: Autonomous driving

HUD HUD
Driving Driving
indications Alerts
E. References
Yoo, H., Tsimhoni, O., Watanabe, H., Green, P., & Shah, R. (1999). Display of HUD warnings to drivers: determining an optimal location, The University of
Michigan Transportation Research Institute.
Merenda, C., Smith, M., Gabbard, J., Burnett, G., & Large, D. (2016). Effects of real-world backgrounds on user interface color naming and matching in
automotive AR HUDs. Paper presented at the 2016 IEEE VR 2016 Workshop on Perceptual and Cognitive Issues in AR, PERCAR 2016,
doi:10.1109/PERCAR.2016.7562419
Brown, A. S., Birman, V., & Miciuda, E. (2011). Optimization suggestions for instrument-cluster information using displays. Journal of the Society for
Information Display, 19(10), 665-670. doi:10.1889/JSID19.10.665
Liu, Y., & Wen, M. Comparison of head-up display (HUD) vs. head-down display (HDD): Driving performance of commercial vehicle operators in taiwan.
International Journal of Human Computer Studies, 61(5), 679-697 (2004).
Green, JB., Reese, CL., Pegues, JJ., Eliot, FA. (1961). Ability to distinguish two cutaneous stimuli separated by a brief time interval. Neurology.
Tretten, P., Gȁrling, A., Nilsson, R. & Larsson, T.C. (2011). An On-Road Study on Head-Up Display Preferred Location and Acceptance Levels. In Proceeding
of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 55(1), 1914-1918.
USA Department of Defense. (1998). Human engineering design criteria for military systems, equipment and facilities (MIL-STD-1472 F). Philadelphia, PA:
Navy Publishing and Printing Office.
DIN EN ISO 15008. (2009). Road vehicles -- Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems -- Specifications and test procedures for in-
vehicle visual presentation.
Smith, S., & Fu, S. (2011). The relationships between automobile head-up display presentation images and drivers' kansei. Displays, 32(2), 58-68.
doi:10.1016/j.displa.2010.12.001
Pastor, M., Artieda, J. (1996). Time, internal clocks and movements, Ed. Elsevier.
Woodworth, R. S. and H. Schlosberg. (1954). Experimental Psychology. Henry Holt, New York.
Annexes
virtual scenarios
Hazard
S1 S2 S3 pedestrian
situations
Annexes Test subjects

Mental workload indicators

Blink rate (BR)
Pupil size (PZ)
Electro-dermal activity (EDA)
NASA-TLX Questionnaire as mental workload indicator
Annexes
virtual scenarios HUD
Driving
indications
Hazard
S4 S5 S6 HUD
pedestrian
Driving situations
Alerts

HUD Driving indications HUD Driving Alerts

Annexes
Test subjects

HUD Driving indications HUD Driving Alerts

BR, PZ, EDA, NASA TLX BR, PZ, EDA, NASA TLX
Annexes
Test subjects

Driving hazards HUD Driving Indications HUD Driving Alerts

BR, PZ, EDA, NASA TLX BR, PZ, EDA, NASA TLX BR, PZ, EDA, NASA TLX

3 Comparisons
Annexes
Driving hazards HUD Driving Indications HUD Driving Alerts

BR, PZ, EDA, NASA TLX BR, PZ, EDA, NASA TLX BR, PZ, EDA, NASA TLX

3 Comparisons
 During autonomous driving: can the HUD system decrease the mental workload estimators by
exposing driving information?

 If the previous question is affirmative: Among driving rout indications and driving alerts for HUDs,
which one produce a lower workload in autonomous driving?