Q.9.

‘Natural Law with Variable Content’ means in the realization of justice, the specific content of a
rule of positive law will vary from place to place and from time to time. This theory has been
propounded by:
(a) Rudolf Stammler
(b) Joseph Kohler
(c) David Hume
(d) Hugo Grotius
Ans. (a)

Q.10.Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below the Lists:
List-I List-II
A. Jural postulates 1. Aquinas
B. Spirit of the people 2. Pound
C. Grundnorm 3. Kelsen
D. Reason and will in law 4. Savigny
Codes:
ABCD
(a) 2 4 3 1
(b) 2 4 3 1
(c) 2 4 1 3
(d) 4 2 1 3
Ans. (a)

Q.11. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below the Lists:
List-I List-II
A. Fuller 1.Status to contract
B. Bentham 2. Social solidarity
C. Maine 3. Inner morality
D. Duguit in law 4.Utilitarianism
Codes:
ABCD
(a) 4 3 2 1
(b) 3 4 2 1
(c) 4 3 1 2
(d) 3 4 1 2
Ans. (d)

Q.12. A legal custom has to possess a sufficient measure of antiquity. ‘Sufficient’ under English laws
means that it must have existed since before 1189. The law in India:
(a) is similar to English law, that is, the custom must have existed since before 1189
(b) does not need a fixed period for which custom must have been in existence for its validity
(c) is that, a custom to be valid must have its existence since Vedic period
(d) is that antiquity is not essential for the validity of a custom
Ans. (b)

Q.13. Consider the following statements:

A custom acquires binding for be of law when the following requisites are fulfilled:
1. Specificity, spontaneity, efficacy
2. Continuity, conformity to statutory law
3. Antiquity, certainly, consistency
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 2
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (b)
Q.14. Which one of the following statements is correct with reference to ‘Reversal’ and Overruling?
(a) They are interchangeable words having the same meaning
(b) Overruling occurs when a decision given by a lower court is not accepted by an appellate court in
appeal whereas reversal takes place when a higher court or the same court declares a decision to be
wrong in a subsequent case
(c) Reversal occurs when a decision given by a lower court is not accepted by an appellate court or
the same court declares a decision to be a wrong in a subsequent case
(d) Reversal takes place when a decision of a foreign court is not accepted by the High Court or
Supreme Court whereas overruling occurs when an earlier decision of the High Court or Supreme
Court is not accepted subsequently
Ans. (c)

Q.15. Lower Courts in India are bound by the decisions of higher courts.
This means that the lower courts are bound by:
(a) all the points which were touched upon by the higher in its decision
(b) only ratio decidendi and obiter dicta of the judgment of the higher court
(c) only the ratio decidendi of the judgment of the higher court
(d) only the obiter dicta of the judgment of the higher court
Ans. (b)

Q.16. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below the Lists:
List-I List-II
A. Privilege 1. Gives content to the claim of a person
B. Duty 2. Freedom from claim of another
C. Power 3. Have no correlative claim of another
D. Absolute duty 4. Ability of a person to change legal relations
Codes:
ABCD
(a) 1 2 4 3
(b) 2 1 4 3
(c) 1 2 3 4
(d) 2 1 3 4
Ans. (b)