Series A

TQM Training Module on

Arrow Diagram
Doc. No. B-03.01.20180603
Revision 01; 03rd June 2018
Authors: Prakash Kashetti

For further clarifications, write to prakash.kashetti@jsw.in © Total Quality Management, JSW Group
 TQM Training Series: 6 series with 66 training modules
This training module: Arrow Diagram(B-03)
Series-A Series-C Series-D Series-F
Basic Problem Solving Tools Quality Management Basics Productivity & Efficiency Tools Advanced Statistical Tools
A-01 Flow Charts C-01 Quality Mgmt. Basics D-01 Value Stream Mapping (VSM) F-01 Sampling & Distribution
A-02 Cause & Effects Diagram C-02 Basic Statistics D-02 Time & Motion Study F-02 Hypothesis Testing
A-03 Stratification C-03 Statistical Process Control D-03 SMED F-03 Regression
A-04 Scatter Diagram C-04 KPI Drill Down D-04 Wrench Time Analysis F-04 Basics of DoE
A-05 Control Charts C-05 KPI Benchmarking D-05 Queuing Theory F-05 Factorial DoE
A-06 Check Sheets C-06 Strategic Analysis Tools D-06 Inventory Management F-06 Principal Component Analysis
A-07 Histogram C-07 Policy Management D-07 Linear Programming Problem F-07 Cluster Analysis
C-08 Policy Diagnosis F-08 Conjoint Analysis
A-08 Pareto Charts D-08 Game Theory
C-09 Daily Management F-09 Discriminant Analysis
A-09 Graphs D-09 OEE
C-10 Daily Mgmt. in Maintenance F-10 Factor Analysis
D-10 PERT & CPM
C-11 Cross Functional Mgmt.
Series-B F-11 Response Surface Method
C-12 Quality Assurance Basics
Basic Management Tools F-12 Taguchi DoE
C-13 MSA
B-01 Brainstorming F-13 Weibull Analysis
C-14 PFD, FMEA, Control Plan Series-E
B-02 Affinity Diagram Decision-making Tools
C-15 Cost of Poor Quality (COPQ)
B-03 Arrow Diagram C-16 Improvement Fundamentals E-01 Quality Function Deployment
B-04 Tree Diagram C-17 4i Methodology E-02 Fault Tree Analysis
B-05 PDPC C-18 5S E-03 AHP & Paired Analysis
B-06 Matrix Diagram C-19 Quality Circles E-04 Pugh Matrix
B-07 Matrix Data Analysis C-20 QC Story Approach E-05 Time Series Analysis
B-08 Relation Diagram C-21 Kaizen, OPL, Poka Yoke
FLOW OF THE TRAINING DOCUMENT

Introduction to
1 Arrow Diagram

Steps to construct
2 Arrow Diagram

Examples for Arrow

3 Diagram
ARROW DIAGRAM : AN INTRODUCTION

What is Arrow Diagram?

Arrow Diagram is a network technique for project planning, Scheduling and monitoring.
uses nodes for events and arrows for activities.

When to Use: Purpose & Applicability of Tool:

 When planning the activities of a  It Leads to discovery of possible improvements.

known but complex task or  It Makes easy to monitor progress of work.

project.  Deals promptly with changes to plan.

 Improves communication among team.
 While observing overall task and
 Promotes understanding and agreement among
identifying potential snags before
group.
work starts.
SYMBOLS USED IN ARROW DIAGRAM

Event/ Node/ Junction points: Corresponds to event in the diagram &

1 Number identifies various orders of operation

Job/ Task/ Operation : Represents that activity required time

Dummy Activity
Dummies: Represents only a relationship between operations, with no
time required

General guidelines for Arrow Diagram

 Precedence relationships between activities are represented by circles
connected by one or more arrows.
 The length of the arrow represents the duration of the relevant activity.
 Sometimes a "dummy task" is added, to represent a dependency between
tasks, which does not represent any actual activity.
FLOW OF THE TRAINING DOCUMENT

Introduction to
1 Arrow Diagram

Steps to construct
2 Arrow Diagram

Examples for Arrow

3 Diagram
STEPS IN CONSTRUCTING ARROW DIAGRAM

Indicate the order of operation. Start from left, considering what

1 precedes what follows and what is in parallel

2 Indicate the Junction Points / events

Draw lines and arrows. Solid lines for operations essential to plans,
3 dotted lines for dummy operations

Insert junction point number

4

Indicate operation names

5

Indicate days required for each operation

6

Shows the critical path (path taking the most days) with a bold line
7 and arrow
ARROW DIAGRAM FOR RESIDENTIAL
CONSTRUCTION
Roughing
Finishing
of Outer
Outer wall
wall
2 4 5
1
Laying the Finishing Inspection &
foundations Framing Interior Turnover
Installing
1 2 3 fixtures 6
2
11 12
2 3 1
4
Installing
Pipes
8
Step 1: Indicate the order of 2
operation. Start from left, considering
Interior Wall Painting Interior
what precedes what follows and what
Operations Walls
is in parallel

2 9 10
2
Electrical
Wirings
Step 2: Indicate the Junction 1
Points / events 7
Step 3 : Draw lines and arrows. Solid
lines for operations essential to plans,
dotted lines for dummy operations
 CONTINUED…

Roughing
Finishing
of Outer
Outer wall
wall
2 4 5
1
Laying the Finishing Inspection &
foundations Framing Installing Interior Turnover
fixtures 1
1 2 3 6
2 1
12
2 3 1
4 Installing
Pipes
8
2
Interior Wall Painting
Step 4: Insert junction point
Operations Interior Walls
number
Step 7: Shows the critical path
9 10 (path taking the most days) with a
2 2 bold line and arrow
Electrical
Wirings
Step 5: Indicate
operation names
7
1

Step 6: Indicate days required for

each operation
 EXAMPLE 2: CONSTRUCTING ARROW DIAGRAM
FOR CUT TO LENGTH
(CTL) Process flow
Belt Conveyor
Coil loading
Car Un coiler Straightener Side Trimmer Leveler Flying Shear

3 Min 3 Min 2 Min 3 Min 4 Min 4 Min

1 2 3 4 6 7 8
Cutting Process
Loading Uncoiling Process Coil Straighten Leveling
Process Edge cutting 4 Min Sheet Processing
Process

2 Min

Scrap collect Stacker

5 9
Metallic Scrap

Stacking
3 Min

Event/ Node/ Junction points: Corresponds to event in the

1 diagram & Number identifies various orders of operation Exit Chain
2 Min 2 Min
11 10
Job/ Task/ Operation : Represents that activity required
time Movement of
Packets
Packing &
Dummies: Represents only a relationship between Transport
operations, with no time required
10
 EXAMPLE 3: CONSTRUCTING ARROW DIAGRAM
FOR BAR MAKING
Process
8 Housing less 6 Housing less
6 stands
stands H-V stands H-V
Finishing Block Belt
Configuration Configuration Conveyor
3 min 1.30 hrs
2.5 min 0.6 min 0.2 min
1 2 3 4 6 7 8
Rolling of
Billet Reheating Rolling in Crop flying Rolling in Pre- Bar Quenching
Slitting product
Transfer (220tph) Roughing shear Finishing mill 0.1 min
mill

Event/ Node/ Junction points: 9

Corresponds to event in the diagram
1 & Number identifies various orders
Cut in multiple
0.1 min length of Bar
of operation

1 min 10 min 0.1 min

Job/ Task/ Operation : Represents 1 1 1 1
that activity required time
Bundling
5 min
3 Cold cutting to
2 Rake type 1 Tail breaking at
0
Length with cooling Bed cooling Bed
Dummies: Represents only a with Aprons
static shear Entry
relationship between operations,
with no time required 1
4
Strapping, Bundle
weighing & 3 min
Collecting

15
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