Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1973 TCR-13 PDF
1973 TCR-13 PDF
2429
AS-!
Report of Committee on
• Automatic Sprinklers
I. L. Lam~tr, C h a i r m a n ,
Insurance Services Office - - Southeastern Region, P.O. Box 4653. Atlanta, GA 30302
,, -,', J . C . T h o m s o n , J r . , t Secretary,
North Caroline Fire Insurance Rating Bureau, Box 2021, Raleigh, NC 27602
S •Auck,e Underwriters'
. e yLaboratorice, R i c h a r d E. H u g h e y , Insurance Services
Office - - Midwestern Region
wL~f~:E~.A~t, .N~.~o~ AutomaticSp~- Roll H. Jensen, ~linois Institute of Tech-
~lre It.JonT..rol-q'-~L nology
~J. setm, ~ I~te of ~ - W. N. Lawton, National Automatic Sprin-
kler & Fire Control Assn.
j.A~v.Blrdwell, Manufacturing Chemiste' Donald L McGflllvray, Underwriters' Labo-
ratories of Canada
Ja~u~.d~Bffiihrc,ia~ternational Conference of H. K. Meyers, Insurance Services Office - -
Pacific Region
R o b e r t L. Retalle, Insurance Servicce Office
j ~ n . , F~tory Mutu~ E n ~ c e ~ - - New England Region
E. J. Schlffhauer, Ecetman Kodak Co.
John L. Defoe, Union Carbide Corp.
C h e s t e r W. S c h l r m e r , Schirmer Engineer-
Robert E..Duke, National Automatic Sprin- ing Corp.
gier ~ r l r e ~ontrol Assn. W. J. Swlngler, Factory Insurance Assn.
Frank J. Fee, Jr., National Automatic H a r r y W i n c h e l l , American Mutual Insur-
Sprinkler & Fire Control Assn. ance Alliance
D. B. G r a n t , Canadian Underwriters' Assn. J. A. Wood, National Automatic Sprinkler
& Fire Control Assn.
D. M. H a m m e r m a n , Fire Marshals Assn. D. M. Yarlas, Industrial Fire Protection
of North America Section, NFPA
Alternates.
Donald H. Adickes, American Mutual In- A. J. Mercurio, Factory Insurance Assn.
surance Alliance (Alternate to Harry (Alternate to W. J. Swingler)
Winchell)
J. L. Norcliffe, Grinnell Fire Protection Sys-
Collins C. Diboll, American Institute of tems, Inc. (Alternate representative: Na-
Architects (Alternate to Charles J. Bette) tional Automatic Sprinkler & Fire Control
John O. E u b a n k , Insurance Seivices O~ce Assn.)
of Tennessee (Alternate to Richard E. W i l l i a m Testa, Grinnell Fire Protectiov Sys-
Hughey) tems, Inc. (Alternate for National Auto-
John K. G e r h a r d , Fire Marshals Assn. of matic Sprinkler & Fire Control Assn.)
North America (Alternate to D. M. Ham- F. A. Wiliits, Jr., Raisler Corporation (Al-
mermaa)
ternate representative: National Auto-
W.L. Henry. Manufacturing Chemists Assn. matic Sprinkler & Fire Control Aa~n.)
(Allternate to J. R. Birdwell)
R o b e r t C. W o r t h i n g t o n , Star Sprinkler
John L. J a b l o n s k y , American Insurance Corp. (Alternate for National Automatic
Association (Alternate to I. L. Lamar) Sprinkler & Fire Control Assn.)
Nonvoting Members
G. C. Ackroyd, Fire Offices' Committee, Aldermary House, London, England
H. W. M a r r y a t t , Australian Fire Protection Assn., Melbourne, Australia.
tNonvoti~.
2430 E X P L A N A T I O N OF REPORT
AS-2
1-5 Maintenance.
1-5.1 A sprinkler system installed under this standard shall
be properly maintained for efficient service. The owner is responsible
for the condition of his sprinkler system and shall use due diligence
in keeping the system in good operating condition.
1-5.2 The installing contractor shall provide the owner with:
(a) Instruction charts describing operation and proper main.
tenance of sprinkler devices.
(13) Publication entided: Care and Maintenance of Sprinkler
Systems, NFPA No. 13A, 1971.
piles do not exceed 12 feet, and fires with moderate rate o f heat
release are expected. This class includes occupancies such as:
Manufacturing Leather Goods Manu-
Cereal Mills facturing
Chemical Plants - - Ordinary Machine Shops
Confectionary products Metal Working
Manufacturing Printing and Publishing
Textile Manufacturing Tobacco Products Manu-
Distilleries facturing
Cold Storage Ware-
houses
Libraries J Large Stack
Room Areas
• Mercantiles
1-7.2.3* Ordinary hazard (Group 3) occupancies are those
where quantity and/or combustibility of contents is high, and fires
of high rate of heat release are expected. This class includes occu.
pancies such as:
Manufacturing Piers a n d Wharves
Feed Mills Repair Garages
Flour Mills Warehouses (having':moderate to
higher combustibility of con-
Paper & Pulp Mills tents such as paper, household
Paper Process P l a n t s fumimreo paint, general storage,
Exhibition Halls whiskey, etc.) 1
Tire Manufacturing
1-7.3" Extra H a z a r d O c c u p a n c i e s -
1-7.3.1 Extra hazard includes occupancies or portions of
other occupancies where quantity and combustibility of contents
is very high, flammable liquids, dust, lin.t or other .materials-
present introducing the probability ot raplaiy aevelopmg nres w,m
high rates of heat release. This class includes occupancies such as:
Aircraft Hangars Plastic Manufacturir/g and
Manufacturing Processing
Chemical Works (Extra Hazard)
Cotton Picker and Opening Operations •
Explosives and Pyrotechnics
' " h- iled stor e as defined in 4-1.3.8, see Appen.dix for separatd.y ~u~
~ h h i ~ q ~ A s t a n ~ t s relating to water suppsy reqmrements, paruc~,~,1
Indoor General Storage, No..231, 1972 and Rack Storage of Materials, ~a
231C, 1972.
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INFORMATION
2435
15--9
1-8 D e s i g n a n d Installation.
1-8.1 Devices and Materials.
1-8.LI Only new sprinklers shall be employed in the in-
stallation of sprinkler systems.
1-8.1.2" When a sprinkler system is installed only approved
materials and devices shall be used.
1-9 W o r k i n g Plans.
1-9.1 Working plans shall be submitted for approval to the
authority having jurisdiction before any equipment is installed or
remodeled. Deviation from approved plans will require permission
of the authority having jurisdiction.
1-9.2" Working plans shall be drawn to an indicated scale,
on sheets of uniform size, with plan of each floor, made so that
they can be easily duplicated, and show the following data:
(a) Name of owner and occupant
Co) Location, including street address
(c) Point of compass
(d) Ceiling construction
(e) Full height crees section
2436 S P R I N K L E R SYSTEMS
13-10
(f) Location of fire walls
(g) Locationof partitions
(h) Occupancy of each area or room
• (i) Location and size of blind spaces and c k ~ t s , see 4-4;3 to 44.17 in.
inclusive, except Paragraphs 44.5 and 4-4.6.
inst~')e~.Any questionable small enclosures in Which no sprinklers are to he
(k) Size of city main in street, pressure and whether dead-end or circu.
lating and if dead-end, direction and distance to nearest circulating main,
c~ty main test results (See 2-3.2.)
(I) Other sources of water supply, with pressure or elevation
(m) Make, type and orifice size of sprinkler ' ' '
(n) Temperat~we rating and location of high temperature sprinklers
(o) Number of sprinklers on each riser and on each system by floors
and total area protected by each system on each floor
(p) Number of sprinklers on each riser and total per floor
( q ) Make, type, model and size of alarm or dry-pipe valve
(r) Make, type, model and size of pre-action or deluge v a l v e
• (s) Kind and location of alarm bells ' .
(t) Total number of sprinklers on each dry-pipe system or pre-action
deluge system ,
(u) Approximate capacity in gallons of each dry-pipe system
(v) Cutting lengths of pipe
N O T E : Where Wpieal branch lines prevail, it will be necessary to size
only one line.
(w) .Crosses, riser nipples and size
(x) Type of hangers, inserts and sleeves ,
(y) All control valves, checks, drain pipes and test pipes
(z) Small hand hose and hose equipment
(aa) When plans include underground pipe, ~ e weight or el .a~.and size
and material of ptpe; the type of valves, meters, anct valve plt~; ano me aeptll
that the top of the pipe is to be laid below grade.
(bb) Provision for flushing (See Paragraph 3-7.3.)
(cc) When the equipment to be installed is an addition to an.oldgrou p
sprinklers without additional feed from the yard system, enough ot me om
system shall be indicated on the plans to show the total number of sprinklers
to be supplied and to make all conditions clear.
(dd) Name and address of contractor.
pLANS
Accepted by approving authority(s) names ............................................................
Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation conforms to accepted plans: Yes E1 No [ ]
Equipment used is approved Yes [ ] No [ ]
If no, state deviations ....................................................................................................
INSTRUCTIONS
Has pe.rson, in charge of fire equipment been instructed
as to locaUon of control valves and care of this new
equipment? Yes [ ] No [ ]
If no, explain ................................................................................................................
Has a copy of instruction and maintenance chart
been left at plant? Yes [ ] No [ ]
If no, explain ................................................................................................................
TEST D E S C R I P T I O N
Flushing: Flow the required rate until water is clear as indicated by no
collection of'foreign material in burlap bags at outlets such as hydrants and
blow-offs.
Flush at flows not less than 750 G P M for 6 - i n c h p i p e and smaller, 1000
GPM for 8-inch pipe, 1,500 G P M for 10-inch pipe, a n d 2,000 G P M for 12-inch
pipe. When supply cannot produce stipulated flow rates, obtain maximum
available.
Hydrostatic: Hydrostatic tests shall be made at not less than 200 psi for
two hours or 50 psi above static pressure in excess of 150 psi. Differential
dry-pipe valve clappers shall be left open during test to prevent damage. All
aboveground piping leakage shall be stopped.
Leakage: New pipe laid with rubber gasketed joints shall, if the workman-
ship is satisfactory, have little or no leakage at the joints. The amount of leak-
age at the joints shall not exceed 2 quarts per hour per 100 joints irrespectively
of pipe diameter. The leakage shall be distributed over all joints. If such leak-
age occurs at a few joints the installation shall be considered unsatisfactory and
necessary repairs made.
New pipe laid with caulked lead or lead-substitute joints, shall if the workman-
ship is satisfactory, have little or no leakage at the joints. Any joint having leak-
a~h~lor more than a "slight drip" or "weeping" shall be repaired. Leakage
I not exceed 1 oz. (liquid measure) per hour per inch of pipe diameter per
joint. The leakage shall be distributed over all joints. If such leakage occurs
almost entirely at a few joints, the installation shall be considered unsatisfactory
and necessary repairs made.
2440
13--14 S P R I N K L E R SYST~IMS
i
Pneumatic: Establish 40 PSI air pressure and measure drop which .shall
not exceed 1 ~2 PSI in 24 hours. Test pressure tanks at normal water level and
air pressure and measure air pressure drop which shall not exceea t Y2 pal
in 24 hours.
P a r t "B" U n d e r g r o u n d P i p i n g
LOCATION
Feeds bldgs ....................................................................................................................
TESTS REQUIRED
R u s h i n g Tests
New underground piping flushed according to ........................ Standard Yes []
by (Company) ..............................................................................................................
How flushing flow was obtained:
Public water [ ] T a n k or reservoir [ ] Fire pump []
Through what type opening: Hydrant butt [ ] Open pipe []
Lead-ins flushed according to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Standard Yes []
By (Company) ..............................................................................................................
How flushing flow was obtained:
Public water [ ] T a n k or reservoir [ ] Fire pump []
Through what type opening: Y conn. to flange & spigot [ ] Open pipe []
Hydrostatic Test
All new underground piping hydrostatically tested at ........ psi. For ........ hours
Leakage Test
Total amount of leakage measured ........................ gais ......................... hours
Allowable leakage ........................ gals ......................... hours
HYDRANTS
Number installed ...................................... Tyl~e and Make ......................................
All operate satisfactorily Yes [ ] No [ ]
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INFORMATION
2441
13-15
CONTROL VALVES
Water control valves left wide open: Yes [ ] No [ ]
If no, state reason ........................................................................................................
Hose threads of fire department connections and hydrants interchangeable
with those of fire department answering alarm? Yes [ ] No [ ]
REMARKS
Date left in service.... . ...........................
TESTS R E Q U I R E D
Hydrostatic: all piping.
Pneumatic: dry piping.
Equipment operation: all
Drain ** . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
SPRINKLERS OR SPRAY N O Z Z L E S
Temperature
Make Model Size Quantity Rating
D E L U G E AND P R E A C T I O N VALVES
Operation: Pneumatic [ ] Electric [ ] Hydraulic [ ]
Piping supervised: Yes [ ] No [ ]
Detecting media supervised: Yes [ ] No [ ]
Does' valve operate from the manual trip a n d / o r remote control stations?
Yes [ ] No [ ]
Is there an accessible facility in each circuit for testing? Yes [ ] No []
If no, explain ..................................................... :..........................................................
Make ................................................................ Model ................................................
Does each circuit operate supervision loss alarm? Yes [ ] No [ ]
Does each circuit operate valve release? Yes [ ] No [ ]
M a x i m u m time to operate release: M i n ........................ Sec ........................
TESTS
All piping hydrostatically tested at .................... PSI for..../. ....... ....... hours
Dry piping pneumatically tested: Yes [ ] No [ ]
Equipment operates properly: Yes [ ] No [ ]
If no, state reason....::. .......... ............ .. ............................................. .............. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Drain test:
.Reading of gage located near water supply test pipe:
Static pressure ........................ PSI
Residual pressure with valve in test pipe qpen wide:
........................ PSI
B L A N K T E S T I N G GASKETS
Number used ................ "....Locations ................................ Number removed ............
W E L D E D OR BRAZED-PIPING Yes [] No [ ]
I f Yes, do you certify as the sprinkler contractor that the welders or brazers
are qualified for welding or brazing in accordance with the requirements of
2443
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INFORMATION 13-17
Notes:
1. The pressure required at the base of the sprinkler riser(s) is defined as the residual pressure required of the elevation of
the highest sprinkler plus the pressure required to reach this elevation.
2. The lower figure is the minimum flow including hoso streams ordinarily acceptable for pipe schedule sprinkler systems.
T h e higher flow should normally suffice for all cases under each group.
3. The requirement may be reduced to 250 gpm if building area is limited by size or compartmentafion or ff bu//d/ng (/n-
cluding roof) is noncombustible construction.
4. The lower duration figure is ordinari/y acceptable where remote staHon water H o w alarn2 s e r v i c e m" e q u l v a l ~ n t is p r o v i d e d .
The higher duration figure should normally m u d ~ c e fog" ~ ~ ~Lndca" ~ a ~ h , g r o u p .
CHAPTER 2. WATER SUPPLIES
2445
13-19
f
2-2.1 G u i d e Tables.
2-2.1.1 O n e of the following guide tables shall be used in
determining the m i n i m u m water supply requirements for light and
ordinary hazard groups 1, 2 a n d 3.
NOTE 1 : Table 2-2.1 (A) is a guide to determine the volume of water and
pressure normally required for a pipe schedule sprinkler system. THE
TABLE IS TO BE USED ONLY WITH EXPERIENCED JUDGMENT.
NOTE 2: Table 2-2.1 (B) is a guide to determine density, area of sprinkler
operation and water supply requirements for hydraulically design¢:d sprin-
kler systems. Systems shall be calculated to satisfy a single point on the
appropriate r design curve and interior piping shall be based on thin de-
sign point. It is not necessary to meet all points on the selected curve (see
Chapter 7). Total water supply available to the system at the oase ox
the riser at the residual pressure required by the design shall be not less
than shown in Tablc 2-2.1(B) but this total water supply need not be
calculated through the overhead piping.
2-2.1~2 Classification o f O c c u p a n c y . O c c u p a n c y classi-
fication in Tables 2 - 2 . 1 ( A ) a n d 2-2.1 (B) shall be determined from
Section 1-7.
2-3 C o n n e c t i o n s to W a t e r W o r k s Systems.
2-3.1 A c c e p t a b i l i t y .
2-3.1.1" A connection to a reliable water works system
shall be an acceptable water supply source.
2-3.1.2 M e t e r s . Meters are not recommended for use on
sprinkler systems; however, where required by other authorities,
they shall be o f approved type.
T a b l e 2-2.1(B)
A Guide for Determining Density, Area of Sprinkl.er Operation of Water
Supply Requirements for Hydraulically Designed Sprinkler ~ystems.
Minimum Water Supplies
Combined
Hazard Sprinklers Inside & Outside Duration
Classification GPM Hose -- GPM in Minutes
¢3
I-oc
ON E
6 .5~ o
i 5000 I I|l I 11 II I 111 I fiT1 1111]
Z 11111
I-
nr" 4000 i" I '~I I ii :1 , ' !
bJ T P i . . . . : ....
¢1.
O
o:
b.I
-x,.
I
3000
I I ,
!-N
z
~,. :~000
~)
<
~J
1500
!li ,,,; .... ;
n," 0,05 0.10 0.15 O.2O 0.25 0.30
<
DENSITY - GPM / SQ. F'T.
]figure 2-2.1.2
For dry systems increase area of sprinkler operation by 30 percent.
For combustible construction with wet or dry systems the minimum area
of application shall be 3,000 sq. ft.
For hazard classifications other than those indicated see appropriate NFPA
Standards for design criteria.
CHAPTER 2. WATER SUPPLIES
2447
13-21
f
25* Pumps
2-5.1" Acceptability. A single automatically controlled fire
pump sized in accordance with Table 2-2.1 (A) or 2-2.1 (B) supplied
under positive head shall be an acceptable water supply source.
(See Installation of Centrifugal Fire Pumps No. 20-1972.)
2-5.2 Supervision. When a single fire pump constitutes the
sole sprinkler supply, it shall be provided with supervisory service
from an approved central station, proprietary, remote station sys-
tem or equivalent.
,- 3 ,H W A . E . P . O O F - . . . .
I I Y//J "o s z
bJ ~ CO..ECTION
• CHECK
HEADER IN VALVE~ I I
VALVE
/7
DRIP
Fig. 2-7.1 Fire Department Connection.
2449
CHAPTER 2. WATER SUPPLIES 13-23
I
2-7.2 Size. On systems designed using Table 2-2.1(A) as
~¢ater supply guide, pipe size shall be not less than 4 inches for fire
e~gine connections and not less than 6 inches for fireboat connec-
tionS, except that 3-inch pipe may be used to connect a single hose
connection to a 3-inch or smaller riser. For hydraulically designed
sprinkler systems the size of the fire department connection shall be
jficient to supply the sprinkler water demand developed from
Table 2-2.1 (B).
2-7.3* A r r a n g e m e n t . See Paragraph 3-13.2.5.
2-7.3.1 On wet pipe systems with a single riser the connec-
tion shall be made on the system side of approved indicating,
eck and alarm valves to the riser, unless the sprinklers are sup-
led by fire department pumper connection in the yard. (See
13.2.6.)
2-7.3.2 On dry pipe systems with a single riser the connec-
tion shall be made between the approved indicating valve and the
dry pipe valve, unless the sprinklers are supplied by fire depart-
ment pumper connection in the yard.
2-7.3.3 On systems with two or more risers the connection
shall be made on the system side of all shutoff valves controlling
other water supplies, but on the supply side of the riser shutoff
valves so that with any one riser off, the connection will feed the
remaining sprinklers, unless the sprinklers are supplied by fire
department pumper connection in the yard.
2-7.3.4 Fire department connections shall not be connected
on the suction side of booster pumps.
2-7.4 Valves.
2-7.4.1 An approved check valve shall be installed in each
fire department connection, located as near as practicable to the
point where it joins the system.
2-7.4.2 There shall be no shutoff valve in the fire depart-
ment connection.
2-7.5 D r a i n a g e . The piping between the check valve and the
outside hose coupling shall be equipped with an approved auto-
rustic drip.
2-7.6 Hose Connections.
2-7.6.1 Hose coupling threads shall conform to those used
by the local fire department. National (American) Standard Fire
Hose Coupling Screw Threads shall be used whenever they will
fit the local fire department hose.
2450
13-24 SPRINKLER SYSTEMS"
• - -
I~ soF'rut:'rAL .C::~.,......
SEAT Gt.OB[ VALVE o
• WITH ARRANGE- APPROV "
]
e ' [NTS FOR ORAINI INDICATIII~t4DG
Table 3.1.1.1'
Material and Dimensions Standard •
Ferrous Piping (Welded and Seamless)
Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe For Ordinary Uses,
Spee. For Black and Hot-Dipped Zinc Coated
(Galvanized) . . . . . . . . ....... ~. ASTM A 120-72a
Spec. for Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe . . . . . ASTM A 53-72a
Wrought-Steel and Wrought Iron Pipe . . . . . . ANSI B 36.10-702
Nonferrous Tube (Drawn, Seamless)
Spec. For Seamless Copper Tube . . . . . . . . . ASTM B 75-72 or
Spec. For Seamless Copper Water Tube . . . . . . ASTIV[B 88-72
Spec. For General Requirements for Wrought Seamless
Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube . . . . . . . . ASTM B 251-71
Brazing Filler Metal . . . . .......... AWS A 5.8-69
IWhen pipe is joined by welding, pipe of thickness 0.188 in. is permitted for
Dressures Ul~ to 300 psi in sizes 4 in. and larger, and schedule 108 pipe as sped.
iied in ANSI Standard B36-19--1965 (R1971), Stainless Steel Pipe, is per.
mired in sizes smaller than 4 in.
2Standard Wall Schedule 40 pipe permitted for pressures up to 300 psi. Sched-
ule 30 pipe acceptable in sizes 8in. an d larger.
5-3* P i p e Schedules.
3-3.1 Except as provided in 3-3.2 and 3-3.3 the number of
automatic sprinklers on a given size pipe on one floor of one fire
section shall n o t exceed the n u m b e r given in Sections 3-4, 3-5 or
3-6 for a given occupancy.
3-3.2 T h e pipe schedule provisions do not apply to hy-
draulically designed systems.
3-3.3 T h e m a x i m u m floor area to be protected by one sys-
tem on any one floor shall be as follows:
Light Hazard _ 52,000 sq. ft.
Ordinary Hazard • " " ~ ~:'-- 52,000 sq. ft.
ISolid piled storage in excess of 15 feet in height Or
palletized or rack st6rage in excess of .12 feet in
height 40,000 sq. ft.
Extra Hazard " 25,000 sq. ft.
1See NFPA Standards, Indoor General Storage, No. 231, 1972
and Rack Storage of Materials, No. 231C, 1972 for definitions
of solid piled, palletized or rack storage.
Sprinkler spacing requirements contained in Chapter 4 still apply.
3-3.4 Size of Risers. Each system riser shall be sized to supply
all sprinklers on the riser on any one floor of one fire section as
determined by the standard schedules of pipe sizes, Sections 3-4,
3-5, or 3-6. Sprinklers in one fire section may be supplied from a
system riser in the adjacent fire section when approved by the
authority having jurisdiction.
3-3.5 Slatted Floors, Large Floor Openings, Mezzanines,
and Large Platforms. Buildings having slatted floors,.or large
unprotected floor openings without approved stops, shall be treated
2454
I&-28 SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
as one area with reference to the pipe sizes, and the feed mains Qr
risers shall be of the size required for the total number of sprinklers.
3-4.2 The area supplied by any one 4-inch pipe or robe size
on any one floor of one fire section shall not exceed 52,000 square
feet.
3-4.$ Each area requiting more than 100 sprinklers and with.
out subdividing partitions (not necessarily fire walls)' shall be sup.
plied by feed mains or risers sized for ordinary hazard occupancies.
Fig. 5-4.3(A). A r r a n g e m e n t o f B r a n c h L i n e s S u p p l y i n g S p r i n k l e r s
A b o v e a n d Below a Ceiling.
. . . . . . . . . . . ]hi
D SPACE
4.
SPRINH ILING
Fig. 3-4.3(B). S p r i n k l e r o n R i s e r N i p p l e f r o m B r a n c h L i n e
in L o w e r Fire Area.
2455
CHAPTER 3. SYSTEM COMPONENTS 13-29
3-5.2 T h e a r e a s u p p l i e d b y a n y o n e 8 - i n c h p i p e o r t u b e
size o n a n y o n e floor o f one fire section shall n o t e x c e e d 52,000
square feet e x c e p t t h a t for solid piled storage in excess of 15 feet
in h e i g h t o r p a l l e t i z e d o r r a c k s t o r a g e in excess of 12 feet the a r e a
served b y a n y o n e 8 - i n c h p i p e o r t u b e size shall n o t e x c e e d 40,000
2456 SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
13--30
T a b l e 3-6.1
Steel Copper
1 in. plpe . . . . . . . . 1 sprinkler 1 in. tube . . . . . . . . 1 sprinkler
1¼ in. pipe . . . . . . . . 2 sprinklers 1 ~ in. tube . . . . . . . . 2 sprinklers
in. pipe . . . . . . . . 5 sprinklers 1~ in. tube . . . . . . . . 5 sprinklers
2 in. pipe . . . . . . . . 8 sprinklers 2 in. tube . . . . . . . . 8 sprinklers
2~ in. pipe . . . . . . . . 15 sprinklers 2 ~ in. tube . . . . . . . . 20 sprinklers
3 in. pipe . . . . . . . . 27 sprinklers 3 in. tube . . . . . . . . 30 sprinklers
3~ in. pipe . . . . . . . . 40 sprinklers 3 ~ in. tube . . . . . . . . 45 sprinklers
4 in. pipe . . . . . . . . 55 sprinklers 4 in. tube . . . . . . . . 65 sprinklers
5 in. plpe . . . . . . . . 90 sprinklers 5 in. tube . . . . . . . . 100 sprinklers
6 in. pipe . . . . . . . . 150 sprinklers 6 in. tube . . . . . . . . 170 sprinklers
8 in. pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . See 3-6.2 8 in. tube . . . . . . . . . . . . See 3-6.2
3-7 S p e c i a l P r o v i s i o n s A p p l i c a b l e to P i p i n g .
3-7.1 B r a n c h L i n e s . W h e n the o c c u p a n c y is classified as
light or o r d i n a r y h a z a r d o c c u p a n c y a n d w h e n m o r e t h a n e i g h t
spri.nklers on a b r a n c h line a r e necessary, lines m a y be increased
to nine sprinklers b y m a k i n g the two end lengths one inch a n d
1 ~ inch, respectively, a n d the sizes thereafter s t a n d a r d . Ten
sprinklers m a y be placed on a b r a n c h line b y m a k i n g the two e n d
lengths one a n d 11/~ inch, respectively, a n d feeding the t e n t h
sprinkler b y a 2 ~ i n c h pipe. (See 7-1.1.2.)
3-7.5 R e t u r n B e n d s . W h e n p i p i n g on w e t systems is c o n -
2458
13-32 SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
l"f ~ i - TI ~r~ne.~ll,'~
O,P m
j~-~'~,J.,.a b . ~ , , c.f~.g ~ a~.,~,~.a a, ~ ~ .
3-11 Drainage. .
3-11.i Pitching of Piping for DFaihage.
3-11.1.1" All sprinkler pipe and fittings shall l~e so installed
that the system may be drained.
3-11.1.2 On wet pipe systems, sprinkler pipes may:be in-
stalled level. Trapped piping shall be drained in accordance with
Section 3-11.3. ', "
3-11.1.3 On dry pi~e systems sprinkler pipe on branch lines
shall be pitched at least ~ i f i c h in .10 feet and the pipe Of cross
CHAPTER 3. SYSTEM COMPONENTS
2461
13-35
and feed mains shall be given a pitch of not less than 1/~-inch in 10
feet• A pitch
1. of. ~/~-inch
. . to . 1-inch shall be P rovided for short bra nch
lines and ~ m c h m 10 feet for cross and feed mains in refri'l~(erate ed
areas arid in buildings Of light construction where floor ma~, settle
under heavy loads.
f,
~ Pressure
Angle Gauge
Valve
Inspector's
~ TestPlug
e hn4 " I
warmroombeyond Drain
valvewhenpipeextends Pipe
throughwall to outside.
D r y System
Auxiliary Drain Wet Pipe System
1" ,Valve
Angle I I
, V=ve .
[ 12"X12';
; I ipp e or quivalent
Fig. 5-11.3.4
3-12 F i t t i n g s .
3-12.1 T y p e of Fittings.
3-12.1.1 "Fittings shall be of a :type specifically approved for
sprinkler systems and of a design suitable for the w.orking pres-
sures involved, but not less than 175 psi cold water pressure.
3-12.1.2" If fitiirigs are of cast iron, extra heavy pattern shall
be used in sites larger than two inches where the normal pressure
in the piping system exceeds i 75 psi. If fittings are of malleable iron,
standard weight pattern shall be acceptable in sizes up to six inches
inclusive when the normal pressure in the pipe system does not ex-
ceed 300 ps!. Fittings made of materials other than cast iron or
2464 SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
13-38
malleable iron and specifically approved for use in sprinkler sys.
terns may be used at piping system pressures up to the working
pressure limits specified in their approval.
3-12.1.3 Where water pressures are 175 to 300 psi, the ANSI
Standards permit the use of standard wall pipe and extra heavy
valves. Until pressure ratings for valves are standardized, the
manufacturers' ratings shall be observed.
3-12.1.4" When risers are three inches in size or larger, a
flange joint shall be used at the riser at each floor.
3-12.2" Couplings a n d Unions. Screwed unions shall not
be used on pipe larger than two inches. Couplings and unions of
other than screwed type shall be of types approved specifically for
use in sprinkler systems. Unions, screwed or flexible gasketed cou.
plings, or flanges may be used to facilitate installation.
3-12.3 Reducers, Bushings. A one-piece ,reducing fitting
shall be used wherever a change is made in the size of the pipe,
except hexagonal or face bushings may be used in reducing the size
of openings of fittings when standard fittings of the required size
are not available. ,. . . . . . . .
3-12.4 W e l d e d P i p i n g . ~ ....
3-12.4.1 Sections of branch lines, crossmains, feed maim,
or ri~rs may.be shop welded.
3-12.4.2 Sections of welded piping shall be joined by means
of screwed flanged or flexible gaskctcd joints or other approved
f i t t i n g s . . , :
3-12.4.3 Torch cutting shall not be permitted as a means
of modifying o r repairing sprinkler systems.
3-12.4.4 Welding'and brazing shall be done in accordance
with the methods set forth in the American National Standards
Institute for Power Piping, ANSI B.31.1.0-1967 and including
Addenda ANSI B.31.1.0a, 1971 and ANSI B.31.10b, 1971,
3-12.4.5 Welding fittings should comply ~vith ANSI Stan-
dard on Factory-Made Wrought Steel Buttweld Fittings, ANSI
No. B16.9-1971, ANSI Standard on Buttwelding Ends for Pipe,
Valves, and Fittings ANSI No. B16.25"1964 and ASTM Standard
Specifications'forPipe Fittin'gs of Wrought" C~irbon Steel and Alloy
Steel for Moderate and Eievated' "l~emi~eratures, ASTM No.
A23/~'--71. . - ,' ' ' : 'i ' : , ' -' " "
" 3-12.4.6 CertificatiOn of Welders a n d Brazers. ~Welders
or, brazers shall be certified by contractor as being qualified for
CHAPTER 3. SYSTEM COMPONENTS
2465
13-39
welding and/or brazing in accordance with the requirements of
ASME Boilerand Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, Qualification
Standard for Welding and Brazing Procedures, Welders, Brazers,
~ d Welding and Brazing Operators 1968 Edition. (See Ap-
pc-ndix C.)
3-12.4.7. When welding is planned, contractor shall specify
the section to be shop weided on drawings, and the type of welding
fittings to be used.
3-12.4.8 Welding fittingsshall comply with ANSISt~mdard
0n Factory-Madc Wrought Stccl Buttwcld Fittings, A N S I NO.
B16.9-1971, A N S I Standard Buttwelding Ends for Pipe, Valves,
Flanges and Fittings A N S I No. B16.25-1964, and A S T M Standard
Spccificationsfor Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Stccl and All
-- - ~ oy
5-13..Valves
3-13.1~ Types of Valves to be Used. ~ .... ,,
3-13.1.1 All valves on connections t~ ~water supplies'and in
supply : pipes to sprinklers shall be approved indicating valves,
unless a: nonindicatihg valve,,such as~an underground ~gate valve
with approved road way boxcomplete .with T-wrehch is accepted
by the authority having jurisdiction. •" . • . -.
3-14 H a n g e r s .
3-14.1" G e n e r a l .
3-14.1.1 Sprinkler piping slfall he' substantially supported
froIn the building structure which must support the added load of
the water-filled pipe plus a minimum of 250 pounds applied at the
point of hanging.
3-14.1.2 Types of hangers and installation methods shall be
in accordance with the requirements of Section 3-14, unless they
are certified by a registered professional engineer for the following:
(a) Designed to support five times the weight of the water-
filed pipe plus 250 pounds at each point of piping support,
(b) These points of support a r e enough to support the
sprinkler system,
(c) Ferrous materials are used for hanger components.
Detailed calculations shall be submitted, when required by the
reviewing authority, showing stresses developed both in hangers
and piping and safety factors allowed.
3-14.1.3 Sprinkler piping shall be supported independently
of the ceiling sheathing, except asprovided in 3-14.1,8.
3-14:1.4 When sprinkler piping is installed below duct-
work, piping shall be substantially supported from the building
structure or from the steel angles supporting the duct work provided
the angles conform to Table 3-14.1.6.
3-14.1.5 Hangers shall be approved for use with the pipe
or tube involved, except mild steel " U " hooks as defined in 3-14.4.2.
3-14.1.6 For trapeze hangers, tlie minimum size of steel
angle or pipe span between purlins or joists shall be as shown in
Table 3-14.1.6, all angles to be used with longer leg vertical. Any
other sizes or shapes giving equal or greater section modulus will be
acceptable. The trapeze bar shall be secured to prevent slippage.
3-14.1.7 The size of hanger rods and fasteners required to
support the steel angle iron or pipe indicated in Table 3-14.1.6
shall comply with Section 3-14.4.
3-14.1.8 Eye rods and ring hangers shall be secured with
necessary lock washers to prevent lateral motion at the point of
support. Toggle hangers shall b e used only for the support of
branch lines under ceilings of hollow tile or metal lath andplaster.
3-14.2 Hangers in Concrete,
3-i4.2.1 Approved inserts set in concrete may be installed
for the support of hangers. : Wood plugs shall not be used.
3-14.2.2 Holes through concrete beams may also be con-
sidered as a substitute for hangers for the support of pipes.
T a b l e 3-14.1.6
T r a p e s e B a r s - - F o u r - to 10-Foot S p a n s
Pipe 2 ~ " or
Size Less 3" 3~" 4'* 5'* 6" 8" 10"
2~xl~x~ 2~xl~x~ 2~ xl~ x~ 3x2x~6 3x2xaA'6 3x2x~ 3 ~ x 2 ~ x6/~ 4x3x~6
4'-0'*
1 ~ " Pipe 1 ~ " Pipe 1 ~ " Pipe 1 ~ " Pipe 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 2 ~ " Pipe 3 ~ " Pipe
2~xl~x~ 2~ xl~ x~ 3 x 2 x~o 3 x 2 xl,~6 3x2x~ 3 ~ x 2 ~ x~o 4x 3x~o 5 x 3 ~ x~o
5'-0"
1 ~ " Pipe 1~*' Pipe 1 ~ " Pipe 2 " Pipe 2" Pipe 2 ~ " Pipe 2 ~ i' Pipe 4" Pipe
2~xl~x~ 3x2x~e 3x2x~e 3x2x~ 3~x2~x~ 4x3x~ 4x3x~e 5x3~x~
6'-O"
1 ~ " Pipe 2 " Pipe 2 " Pipe 2 " Pipe 2 ~ " Pipe 2 ~ " Pipe 3" Pipe 4" Pipe
3x2x~ 3x2x~e 3x2x~ 3x2x~ 3~x2~ x~ 4x3x~ 5 x 3 ~ x6/~ 6x4x~
7'-0"
2" Pipe 2" Pipe 2" Pipe 2 ~ " Pipe 2 ~ " Pipe 3" Pipe 3" Pipe 4" Pipe
r£
3x2x~ 3x2x~ 3x2x~ 3 ~ x 2 ~ x~e 3 ~ x 2 ~ x ~ 4x3x~ 5x3~x~ 6x4x~
• 8'-0"
2" Pipe 2 ~ " Pipe 2 ~ " Pipe 2 ~ " Pipe 3" Pipe 3" Pipe 3 ~ " Pipe 4" Pipe
3x2x~ 3x2x~ 3~x2~x~ 3~x2~x~ 3~x2~ x~ 4x3x~ 5 x 3 ~ x~e 6x4xS/~
9'-0"
2 " Pipe 2 ~ " Pipe 2 ~ " Pipe 3" Pipe 3 ~ " Pipe 3 ~ " Pipe 4 " Pipe 5" Pipe
3x2x~ 3x2x~ 3~ x2~ x~ 3~ x2~ x~ 4x3x~ 5x3~x~ 6x4x~ 6 x 4 x ~/~
10'-0"
2 ~ " Pipe 2 ~ " Pipe 2 ~ " Pipe 3" Pipe 3 ~ '* Pipe 3 ~ " Pipe 4 " Pipe 5 " Pipe
3.
2469
CHAPTER SYSTEM COMPONENTS 13--43
f
" T a b l e 3-14.4.3
:: , "Pipe Size' . " 2 Screw Flanges:~, •
, Up to 2 in. , Wood.,Screw No. 18:x 1 ~ in.
.- Pipe Size 3 Screw Flanges '
U p to 2 i n . • W~cxi Screw No. 18 x 1 ~ in.
2 ~ in., 3 in., 3 ~ in. Lag Screw .a/~'.m. x 2 in.
4 in., 5 in., 6 in. Lag Screw Y2 in. 'x 2 in.
~ 8in. Lagi_screw 6/~ in . x 2 in.
•" Pipe Size •-4, Screw Flanges :
.Up to 2 in. " Wood. Screw No, 18 x 1 ~ in.
2 ~ in., 3 in., 3 ~ in. Lag Screw 8/~ in. X 1 ~ in.
4 in., 5 in., 6 in. Lag Screw ~ in. x 2 in.
8 in. Lag Screw ~/~ in: x 2 in.
Pipe Size " U " Hoo
• U p t o 2 in. , ." Drive Screw No. 1 6 x 2 :. in.
.., 2 ~ in., 3 in., 3 ~ in. : . Lag Screw 8/fi in. x 2F~ in.
4 in., 5 in., 6 in. Lag Screw . •~ in. x 3 in.
8 in. Lag Screw ~. s/~in, x 3 in.
2471
CHAPTER 3.SYSTEM COMPONENTS 13-45
3-14.4.4 The size bolt or lag (coach) screw used with an eye
rod or flange on the side Of a beam shall not be less than indicated
in the following table, except as provided in Paragraph 3-14.4.7.
T a b l e 3-14.4.4
Length of Lag Screw
Size of Pipe Size of Bolt or Lag Screw Used with Wood Beams
Up to and in-
cluding 2 i n . . f " 8/~,, 2~ '"
2½ to 6 in. (inclusive) ~" 3"
8 in. ~" 3"
T a b l e 3-14.4.8
Nominal Plank Nominal Width
Pipe Size Thickness of Beam Face
Up to 2 in. 3in. 2in.
2~ in. to3½ in. 4in. 2 in.
4in. and 5in. 4in. 3in.
6in. 4in. 4in.
Lag screw rods shall not b'e used for support of pipes larger than
six inches. All hole§ for lag screw rods shall be pre-driUed ~ inch
less in diameter 'than t h e r o o t diameter of the lag screw thread.
(A) (B)
I
~0-
L^ IL^~ 4L^,
I ~ ~1
L^ iL_-~'Lr-
1 ~ C 40
/ _ I F.se'ro,, ," 1 I /
-7 r--t..-Fo.,,.;t .... J .i
, ~ ^~ ^v I^L ^1, ^1, ^1,.
J ~1 -1 -1 '-1 21 "~-1i
GREATER ~HAN 36 FOR i "
3-14.6.4 When sprinklers are less than six feet apart, hangers
may be spaced up to, but not exceeding 12 feet. See Fig. 3-14.5(a).
3-14.6.5 Starter lengths less than six feet do not require a
hanger, except on the end line of a side-feed system, or where an
intermediate cross main hanger has been omitted.
3-14.6.6" Hangers are not required on one-inch arms not
over 12 inches long for copper tube, n o r 24 inches long for steel
pipe from branch lines or cross mains.
O-, v O v v v G O
if i/~rermecliate o m H f e d ~ r.
0",~0 i C f ~, - I 0 0 I 0
OM/7" /~I'~'/~A./~'#/.4 T.~~ , , ~ ~ee Pa,".~.9.'a~ 3-14. 6 6
<>,o o/;1,,,,]~lI #
^ _L
i-]~1 ^
v, o
f h ~ n 6 "-0 °regu/reJ n o n ~ n g e r
~,o o, o, i~ I l Vl ]~l ]° 1
Fig. 5-14.6.6. Hanger Omissions.
0 v v ,.,'i w
0 "C 0 . 0 : C '~; qO
(>,
#NTERMEO/AT¢ /44V
~E ONITT~'D
0 'C
.0
43
INT£R-/WEOIA T~ ;~fAy "B £ OMITTED,
O N O/V'.~ .C,~0.,'3 d t A / N p / E C E
:;,L r~L I~L !oL
i~ infermea/ere ornlrrea
/NTERM£DIATE" i~£QU/RED /./ERE
,
,,.,.I-~..
,el
. 1 1,'LI "
" s/z:)~ ,4"z'~z) .:.
O, 0 0 v v v
0 1 0 ,0~ O
~c~re. ~f~Tch line hanoet~ /N7"E,~MCD/ATW /¢ANGER
on D o r n d~/~e~ o f c/'o s g
/,cA), 8 ~ oM/rrsn
T ioi O
C £ N T E R F'~'£D
Fig. 3-14.7.3(B). Hangers on Cross Main - - Center Feed System.
3-15 Sprinklers. _
3-15.1 S t a n d a r d and Old Style Sprinklers. •
3-15A.1 The standard sprinkler is the type commonly manu.
factured since 1953, incorporating a uniform, hemispherical dis.
charge pattern. Water is discharged i i a all directions'below the
plane of the deflector. • Little or no water ,is~discharged upward
to wet the ceiling. Sprinkler deflectors are stamped as,follows:
UpriglCt SI~rinkle'r Marked S S U - - ,
• Pendent Sprinkler M a r k e d SSP
3-15.1.2 The old style s rinkler is the type commonly
P . . -
Nominal P e r c e n t of
Orifice "K"t Nominal ~-inch
(In.) Factor Discharge Identification2
1.3--1.5 ' 25 ~ in. I P T - - Pintle
1.8=2.0 33.3 ~ . ~ in. I P T - - Pintle
2.6:-2.9 50 ~ in. I P T ~ Pinth
8A
" 4.024.4 ' : -75 ' : ~ it/. I I P T ~ Pintle
5.3--5.8 100 ~ in. I P T
7.4-8.2 : 140 ~ in. I P T
.~ - or ~ in. I P T - - Pinde
t " K " f a c t o r is t h e c o n s t a n t i n t h e f o r m u l a . ,
Q = Kv'P . W h e r e Q -- F l o w i n G P M
p -- P r e s s u r e i n P S I
,with the excep~on of ~-inch orince ~ d 'pinch o~ce, ~-in. Ivr (~o~
~ t h r e a d ) s p r i n k l e r s , t h e n o m i n a l orifice size ns c a s t o r S t a m p e d o n t h e wrench
of the sprinkler frame.
3-15.6" TemperatureRatings.
I
T a b l e 3-15.6.1
Temperature Ratings, C l a s s i f i c a t i o n s a n d C o l o r Codings
Maximum Ceiling Temperature Temperature
Temperature OF i Rating °F Classification Color Code
100 : 135 to 170 Ordinary Uncolored
150 175 to 225 Intermediate White
225 ' 250 to 300 High Blue
300 325 to 375 Extra High Red
' 375 . 400 to 475 Very Extra High Green
475 500 to 575 Ultra High Orange
5K~icm.rrs
AT'nCS
Location
Ratings of Sprinklers in Specified Locations
Ordinary Degree
Rating
Vendlm:ixl Unventilated
Intermediate Degree
R ,'aing ing 1
I~AY..BD R o o f
Metal or thin boards; con-
cealed or not conouded; Ventilated Unvemilauxl
insulated or uninsulated
I~AT Roof
Metal Note: For uninsulated roof, climate and
.not concealed; V~mdlauxl or o c t . panty may require I N T E R M E D I A T E
insulated or unventilated sprinklers. Check on job.
uninsulated
FLAT RooP
Metal; concealed; insulated Ventilated Unventilated
or uninsulated
B ".5774 a A'
// ,IR II. bl
,,ow 6
\ \\
vices and such valves shall be of the type which will clearly indicate
~hether they are open or closed and be so constructed that they
aY be locked or sealed in the open position. The control valve
the retarding chamber on alarm check valves of wet-pipe systems
~ay be accepted as complying with this paragraph.
3-16.5" A t t a c h m e n t s - - M e c h a n i c a l l y O p e r a t e d . For all
types of sprinkler systems employing water-motor-operated alarms,
aa approved a/~-inch strainer shall be installed at the alarm oudet
of the waterflow detecting device except that when a retarding
chamber is used in connection with an alarm valve, the strainer
shall be located at the outlet of the retarding chamber unless the
retarding chamber is provided with an approved integral strainer
in its outlet. Water-motor-operated devices shall be protected from
the weather, and shall be properly aligned and so installed as not
to get out of adjustment. All piping to these devices shall be gal-
vanized or brass or other approved corrosion resistant material of
a size not less than a/~ inch.
3-16.6 A t t a c h m e n t s - - Electrically O p e r a t e d .
3-16.6.1 Electrically operated alarm attachments forming
part of an auxiliary, central station, proprietary or remote station
signaling system shall be installed in accordance with the following
applicable NFPA standards.
(a) Central Station Protective Signaling Systems (NFPA
No. 71-1972)
(b) Auxiliary Protective Signaling Systems (NFPA No.
72B-1972)
(c) Remote Station Protective Signaling Systems (NFPA
No. 72C-1972)
(d) Proprietary Protective Signaling Systems (NFPA No.
72D-1972).
3-16.6.2 Electrically operated alarm attachments forming
part of a local sprinkler watertiow alarm system shall be installed
in accordance with the local alarm system provisions of NFPA
Standard Local Protective Signaling Systems, No. 72A-1972 and
in accordance with the provisions of the following Paragraphs
3-16.6.3, 3-16.6.4, and 3-16.6.5. These standards permit local
electrical waterflow alarms to be of open circuit type.
3-16.6.3 Waterflow detecting devices, including the associ-
ated alarm circuits, shall be tested by an actual waterflow through
use of a test connection (see Section 3-16.7).
3-16.6.4 Switches which will silence electric alarm sound-
2486 SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
15--60
Open W e b - T y p e Steel B e a m s •
SPRINKLERS
' j _
JIDISTANCE TO • I
GIRDER" NOT
LESS THAN
3, FT. 9 IN.& NOT
MORE THAN L/2
SPRINKLER
WITHIN I INCH
,. STEEL B E A M S
~ v 4_ or BeAM
: BRANCH LINE WITHIN
• I.INCH OF ~ OF" CUTOUT
-- "" L
Table 4-2.4.6
Position of Deflector when Located above Bottom of Beam
• M a x i m u m Allowable Dis-
Distance from Sprinkler tance Deflector above
to Side of Beam - . B o t t m of Beam
Less than l'ft~ ~. ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '... i ...
0 m. . .
Ceiling'~
• . ,~ I
Maximum dmtance '1 i
i n s t a l l e d i n t h e p e a k o f a. p i t c h e d r o o f t h e y s h a l F be~ h o r i z o n t a l .
Low-pitched roofs having slopes not greater than, one inch per:foot
m a y b e c o n s i d e r e d a s l e v e l i n the. a p p l i c a t i o n Of t h i s r u l e " a n d
sprihklers may be installed with deflectors horizontal. ~
4,-4.2 Metal Rc~fDecks. When roof decks are metal with com-
bustible adhesives or vapor seal, the position of sprinklers shall be
the same as for combustible construction.
4-4.3 Spaces Under Ground Floors. Sprinklers shall be in-
stalled in all spaces below combustible ground floors, except that
by permission of the authority having jurisdiction, sprinklers may
be omitted when all of the following conditions prevail:
(a) The space is not accessible for storage purposes or en-
trance of unauthorized persons and is protected against accumu-
lation of wind-borne debris;
(b) The space contains no equipment such as steam pipes,
electric wiring, shafting, or conveyors;
(c) The floor over the space is tight;
(d) No flammable liquids are processed, handled or stored on
the floor above.
4-4.4 BHnd Spaces.
4.4.4.1 Sprinklers shall be installed in all blind spaces en-
closed wholly or partly by exposed combustible construction, as in
walls, floors and ceilings, except as modified by 4-4.4.2 and 4-4.4.3
below. In spaces formed by studs or joists, sprinklers should be
provided where there is six inches or more clearance between the
inside or near edges of the studs or joists which form the opposite
sides of the space; the distance from the first sprinkler to the wall,
however, need not be less than specified in 4-2.1.4. In partly or
wholly combustible bar joist construction, sprinklers shall be in-
2496 SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
13--70
stalled wherever the total depth of the space exceeds six inches be.
tween roof or floor deck and ceiling; the spacing of sprinklers in
that case may be on the basis of light hazard classification provided
the space does not exceed 24 inches in depth.
4-4.4.2 Sprinklers may be omitted from combustible blind
spaces when any of the following conditions prevail:
(a) When the ceiling is attached directly to the Under.
side of the supporting beams of a combustible roof or floor deck.
(b) When concealed space is entirely filled with a non.
combustible insulation. In solid joisted construction the insula.
tion need fill only the space from the ceiling to the bottom edge
of the joist of the roof or floor deck.
(c) When there are small concealed spaces over rooms
that do not exceed 50 square feet in area.
4-4.4.3 In blind spaces having exposed combustible con.
struction or containing exposed combustibles in localized areas,
the combustibles shall bc protected as follows:
(a) If the exposed combustibles are in the vertical par-
titions or walls around all or a portion of the enclosure a single
row of sprinlders spaced not over 12 feet apart nor more than six
feet from the inside of the partition may be intsaUed to protect the
surface. The first and last sprinklers in such a row shall not be
over five feet from the ends of the partitions.
(b) If the exposed combustibles are in the horizontal
plane, permission may be given to protect the area of the com-
bustibles on a light hazard spacing and add a row of sprinklers
not over six feet outside the outline of the area and not over 12
feet along the outline. When the outline returns to a wall or other
obstruction, the last sprinkler should not be over six feet from wall
or obstruction.
4-4.5 Spacing of Sprinklers Under Pitched Roofs.
4-4.5.1 Branch lines parallel to peaks of pitched roofs and
sprinklers on lines perpendicular to peaks shall be spaced through-
out the distance measured along the slope. This will place a row
of sprinklers either in the peak or one-half the spacing down the
slope from the peak.
4-4.5.2 Under saw-toothed roofs, the row of sprinklers at
the highest elevation shall be not more than three feet down the
slope from the peak.
4-4.5.3 In 4-4.5.1 or 4-4.5.2 sprinklers in or near the peat
CHAPTER 4. SPACING, LOCATION AND POSITION
2497
13-71
shall have deflectors not more than three feet vertically down from
the peak. (See Fig. 4-4.5.3.)
- 3~ o 0 7
~-I
f/x.'~
T , " O
,, , , , ,, ~,~ ,
,-i ) --i ' '
)=-t.-I ~-~ ~"~ ~ ~'-..cO..L=T=--4 ~ )" "( ~ ,~ ~'" I-- COMPLE1;E
~ ..~ ).z.~ I-1-'1 P/"I I--- VERTICAL --I P' '-I I':- '-I P" -I P- VERTICAL
PJ--.I I-/.-I : -p- DIVIDER, -'1 I-" "=1 ._ ~' "1 " •4
I-' 91, I--. DIVIDER~
")7- --I FJ'-t " m
t --I I=I=I I-J--I I-~ P- - . --¢' P"4 I---4 P, '4 I"-
• ~I_L=I l 'l : '= :. i", 1 , ~ ; : :
~ - ~ ~ )-'-4 '-4 Z ~ _ ~ . FLOOR OR
QO
I!
~
~ '--I I-'I"-I , :)--~-I l-J-4 i= -. .. -4 )-, ,.¢ )=, ,-~ )=. --I I-- :
. -; .-I I-'L-I • ' l=J,-l. I-J--I~ I.-- . --I. I- .-I i-, ,4 !--. ,-I I--
'i --I P'L-t,, ~.LI pJ.4 ~ F~- --.I i- ,-I I=, ,-4 I-. '-I I-- .-
| I I I I I | , I' I -I l I I t t , ,,
_ I" 1 I,'1
""' ]~ig
2501
CHAPTER 4. SPACING, LOCATION AND POSITION 1~--75.
f
tecting the deep fat fryer and so located that it will not interfere
with the sprinkler discharge.
4-4.18.6 One sprinkler shall be installed at the top of each
vertical riser and an additional sprinkler shall be installed under
any offset. Subject to the approval of the authority having juris-
diction, sprinklers may be omitted from a vertical riser located out-
side of a building provided the riser does not expose combustible
material or the interior of a building and the horizontal distance
between the hood outlet and the vertical riser is at least 25 feet.
4-4.18.7 Sprinklers and piping located at the top of a vertical
riser, near the extremity of an exhaust duct, or in other areas
subject to freezing shall be properly protected against freezing by
approved means.
4-4.18.8 Release devices shall be checked at least twice a
year for proper operation. Fusible links and automatic sprinklers
all be replaced annually. Other actuating devices shall be prop-
erly cleaned.
4-4.19 Baffles. Baffles (except for in-rack sprinklers, see
NFPA Standard on Rack Storage of Materials No. 231C-1972)
shall be installed whenever sprinklers are less than six feet apart to
prevent the sprinkler first opening from wetting adjoining sprinklers,
thus delaying their operation. Baffles shall be located midway be-
tween sprinklers and arranged to baffle the actuating elements.
Baffles may be of sheet metal about eight inches wide and six
inches high. When placed on branch line piping, the top of baffles
shall extend two to three inches above the deflectors.
4-4.20 Small Rooms. In small rooms such as rest rooms,
toilets, closets and offices with smooth ceilings, sprinlders may be
located a maximum distance of seven feet s'-m inches from any two
walls of this room providing the total area of the room divided by
the number of sprinklers does not exceed the limitation of 4-2.2.1
and 4-2.2.2. The maximum area of such a room is defined as 800
sq. ft. for Light Hazard and 520 sq. ft. for Ordinary Hazard Oc-
cupancies.
400' 0 "
.r
.o
•6 -o o o "
Si e, ,l, Sp,i°kle,,
6 "o- b 5
I\
o
/
_[ p o o o O. .0 o 0 o c
at a or ol mo rlange ~ D
(b| Elevation at Feed Main and Cross M~|a
Fig. 5-2.6.1(A). Fittings to Facilitate Examination of Feed Mains, Risers, and
Gross Mains in Freezing Areas.
,Tee with
• Blind Flan~e
COLD ROOM
II
II WARM ROOM ~!';:~1Feed
1Remov.hleS~ecti
I-I
R ie e r . . ~ l a
~ROOM
on
I
~ed
I"~-~1i~1COLD
[:~CI . . . . .
shall enter the system above the priming water level of the dry.
pipe valve. A check valve shall be installed in this air line and a
shutoff valve of renewable disc type shall be installed on the SUpply
side of this check valve.
5-2.7.4 Relief Valve. An approved relief valve shall be
provided between compressor and controlling valve set to relieve
at a pressure five pounds in excess of maximum air pressure which
should be carried in the system.
5-2.7.5 Shop Air Supply. When the air supply is taken
from a shop system having a normal pressure greater than that
required for dry-pipe systems and an automatic air maintenance
device is not used, the relief valve shall be installed between two
control valves in the air line and a small air cock, which is normally
left open shall be installed in fitting below relief valve.
Fig. 5-4.2. Header for Combined Dry-Pipe and Pre-Action Sprinkler System.
Standard Trimmings Not Shown.
2515
CHAPTER 5. T Y P E S O F SYSTEMS 13-89
f
automatic sprinklers shall not prevent the fire detection system
from properly functioning as an automatic fire alarm system.
5-4.1.4 Provisions shall be made for the manual operation
of the fire detection system at locations requiring not more than
~00 feet of travel.
5-4.1.5 Except as indicated in 5211, automatic sprinklers
i~stalled in the pendent position shall be of the approved dry
pendent type.
5-4.2 D r y - P i p e Valves.
5-4.2.1 Where the system consists of more than 600 sprin-
tiers or has more than 275 sprinklers in any fire area, the entire
system shall be controlled through two 6-inch dry-pipe valves
connected in parallel and shall feed into a common feed main.
These valves shall be checked against each other. (See Fig. 5-4.2.)
5-4.2.2 Each dry-pipe valve shall be provided with an ap-
proved tripping device actuated by the fire detection system. Dry-
pipe valves shall be cross connected through a one-inch pipe con-
nection •to permit simultaneous tripping of both dry-pipe valves.
This one-inch pipe connection shall be equipped with a gate valve
so that either dry-pipe valve can be shut off and worked on while
the other remains in service.
5-4.2.3 The check valves between the dry-pipe valves and
the common feed main shall be equipped with one-half inch by-
passes so that a loss of air from leakage in the trimmings of a dry-
pipe valve will not cause same to trip until the pressure in the feed
main is reduced to the tripping point. A gate valve shall be in-
stalled in each Of these bypasses so that. either dry-pipe valve can
be completely isolated from the main riser or feed main and from
each other.
5-4.2.4 Each combined dry-pipe and pre-action system
shall be provided with approved quick opening devices a t the d r y
pipe valves.
T a b l e 5-5.2.1
Antifreeze Solutions
To BE USED IV PUBLIC WATER Is CONNEC~D TO SPRINKLERS.
"" SOLUTION SPEC. GRAY. FREEZING
~TRRIAL (BY VOLUME) AT 60 F. POINT F.
T a b l e 5-5.2.2
Antifreeze Solutions
SUITABLEFOR USE IF PUBLIC WA~SR Is NoT CONWSereD TO SPRINKLERS.
SOLUTION SPEC. GRAV. FREEZING
]V[ATERIAL (BY VOLUME) AT 60 F. POINT F.
Glycerine If glycerine is used, see Table 5521.
Diethylene Glycol 5 0 ~ Water 1.078 --13
45 ~ Water 1.081 --27
4 0 ~ Water 1.086 --42
Hydrometer Scale 1.000 to 1.120 (Subdivisions 0.002)
Ethylene Glycol 61 ~ Water 1.056 --10
5 6 ~ Water 1.063 --20
51 ~ Water 1.069 --30
4 7 ~ Water 1.073 --40
Hydrometer Scale 1.000 to 1.120 (Subdivisions 0.002)
Propylene Glycol If propylene glycol is used, see Table 5521.
Calcium Chloride Lb. CaCl~ per
80~ "Flake" Gal. of Water
Fire Protection Grade* 2.83 1.183 0
Add corrosion inhibitor 3.38 1.212 --10
of sodium bichromate 3.89 1.237 --20
oz. per gal. water 4.37 1.258 --30
4.73 1.274 ---40
4.93 1.283 --50
'Free from magnesium chloride and other impurities.
2518 SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
13-92
5-5.2.3* An antifreeze solution shall be prepared with a
freezing point below the expected minimum temperature for the
locality. The specific gravity of the prepared solution shall be
checked by a hydrometer with suitable scale.
Fillinq C u p ~
Water -
H I ~ omifled whenscrlnkltr8
U .~..a re bd°w I'vd °f valveA
O,:S I N DiC.,A'I:I~IG [1"~.!
~; VALV
'^' " E • E"
.SATe= I'1 ; I~1"~ - U N H E A T E . D
AREA
6-1.2 Control.
6-1.2.1 Each system of outside sprinklers shall have an
independent control valve. Where more than one valve is required,
the division between sprinklers on each valve shall be vertical and
not horizontal, except as noted in Sections B-6.2.2 and B-6.2.3.
6-1.2.2 Manually controlled open sprinklers shall be used
only where constant supervision is present.
6-1.2.3 Automatic systems may be open or closed sprinkler
head type. Closed sprinklers in areas subject to freezing shall be
on dry pipe or nonfreezing systems. (When not prohibited by local
public health authorities.)
6-1.2.4" Automatic systems of open sprinklers shall be con-
trolled by the operation of a heat responsive system designed for the
specific application.
2521
CHAPTER 6. OUTSIDE SPRINKLERS 13-95
f
~ 2 System C o m p o n e n t s
6-2.1" Valves
6-2.1.1 Control valves shall be of the approved indicating
10~nand shall be distinctively marked by letters not less than
ch high to clearly explain their Use.
6-2.1,2 D r a i n Valve, Each system of outside sprinklers
~all have a separate drain valve installed on s stem side of each
ntrol valve. Drain valves shall be in accordance with Section
3.11.2, except that in no case shall valves be smaller than one inch.
6-2.1.3 Check galves~ When sprinklers run on two ad-
jacent sides of a building, protecting against two separate and dis-
tinct exposures, with separate control valves for each side, the end
lines shall be connected together with check valves so located so
that one sprinkler around the corner will operate. The intermediate
pipe between the two check valves shall be arranged to drain.
As an alternate solution, an additional sprinkler shall be installed
on each system located around the corner from the system involved.
System B
System A
6-4 P i p i n g S y s t e m
6-4.1 Pipe sizes of lines, risers, feed mains, and water supply
shall be hydraulically calculated in accordance with Chapter 7
to furnish a minimum of seven psi at any sprinkler with all sprin.
klers facing the exposure operating, or pipe sizes shall be in ac-
cordance with Section 6-4.2 and 6-4.3.
6-4.2 Branch line sizes on pipe schedule systems shall be as
follows:
T a b l e 6-4.2
M a x i m u m N u m b e r of S p r i n k l e r s Supplied on L i n e
Orifice Size - - Inches
Size of Pipe
Inch~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
1 4 3 2 2 1 1 1
1~ 8 6 4 3 2 2 1
1~ 9 6 4 3 3 2
2 5 4 4 3
7-1 General.
7-1.1 D e f i n i t i o n :
7-1.1.1 A hydraulically designed sprinkler system is one ha
which i e sizes are selected on a pressure loss basis to provide
PP " i " -
prescribed density (gallons per minute per square, foot) d strlbuted
with a reasonable degree of uniformity over a specified area. This
permits the selection of pipe sizes in accordance with the char.
acteristics of the water supply available. The stipulated design den.
sity and area of application will vary with occupancy hazard.
7-1.1.2 The design basis for such a system supersedes the
rules in the sprinkler standard governing pipe schedules, except
that all systems continue to be limited by area, and pipe sizes shall
be no less than one inch nominal. The size of pipe, number of
sprinklers per branch line and number of branch lines per cro~
main are otherwise limited only by the available water supply.
However, sprinkler spacing and all other rules covered in this and
other applicable standards shall be observed.
7-1.2" Nameplate Data. Unless an alternate means of identi.
fication is provided by owner, the installer shall properly identify
a hydraulically designed automatic sprinkler system by a per.
manently attached placard indicating the location, number of
sprinklers in the hydraulically designed section, and the basis of
design (discharge density over designed area of discharge, including
gallons per minute and residual pressure demand at base of riser).
Such signs shall be placed at the controlling alarm valve, or• d ry
pipe valve, for the system containing the hydraulically desxgned
layout.
7-2 Information R e q u i r e d .
7-2.1 Basic D e s i g n Information. Basic design criteria for
hydraulically designed sprinkler systems shall be obtained from
this or other applicable standards. Where no standards exist,
the authority having jurisdiction shall be consulted.
7-2.2 Sprinkler System Requirements. The following in.
formation shall be included when applicable:
(a) Area of water application . . . . . . . . . . . . sq. ft.
(b) Minimum rate of water application (density). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
gpm/sq, feet.
(c) Area per sprinkler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . sq. ft.
(d) Allowance for inside hose and outside hydrants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . gpm.
(e) Allowance for in-rack sprinklers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . gpm
CHAPTER 7. HYDRAULICALLY DESIGNED SYSTEMS
2525
13-99
7-4 Calculation.
7-4.1 Friction Loss Formula. Pipe friction losses shall be de-
termined on the basis of Hazen and Williams formula.
4.52 QLs5
p = C;.S 5 d4.S7
Table 7-4.2' ..:
Equivalent Pipe Length Chart
Fittings and Valves Fittings and Valves Ezpressed in Equivalent Feet of Pipe.
~in. l~in. 1~in. ~ i n . ~½in. Sin.,S½in. 4in. 5in. 6in. 8in. lOin. l~in.
45 ° Elbow - I- 1 2 2 3 3 3 4 5 7 9 11 13
90 ° Standard Elbow 2 3 4 5 6 7 8-10 12 14 18 22 27
90 o Long Turn Elbow 2 2 2 3 4 5 5 .6 8 9 13 16 18
Tee or Cross 5 6 8 10 12 -. 15 17 20 25 3o 35 50 60~
(Flow Turned 90 °)
Butterfly Valve 6 7 10 - 12 ,9 ~10 12 19 21
Gate Valve: ' 1 . 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 5 6
Swing Cheek* 6 :: 7¸ .. 9 11 14 16 19 22 27- 32 45 55 65'
r- -. • - • !-
Use with Hazen and Williams' C ffi120 only. For other values of C, the figures in Table 7321 bhouid be multiplied by the factors
indicated ,below: ~ ~ "
: Value of C 100 120 130 140
Multiplying factor 0.713 1.00 1.16 1.32 ~
(This is based upon the friction i0ss through the fitting being independent of the C factor applicable to the piping.)
Specifc friction loss values or equivalent pipe lengths for alarm valves, dry-pipe valves, deluge valves, strainers and other
devices shall be made available to the authority having jurisdiction.
*Due to the variations in design of swing cheek valves, the pipe equivalents indicated in the above chart to be considered average.
2529
CHAPTER 7. HYDRAULICALLY DESIGNED SYSTEMS 13:103
r
7-4.3 C ~ c u l a t i n g P r o c e d u r e ,
7-4.3:1 In order to maintain consistency in calculating a
•
8-5 Alarms.
8-5.1 A separate and distinct supervisory signal shall be pro-
vided to indicate a condition that will impair the satisfactory op-
2533
CHAPTER 8. HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS 13-107
eration of the sprinkler system. This shall include, but need not
be limited to monitoring of control valves, fire pump power supplies
and runnin.g.conditions, water tank levels, and temperatures. Pres-
sure supervmlon shah also be provided on pressure tanks.
8-5.2 Where each sprinkler system on each floor is equipped
with a separate waterflow device, it shall be connected to an alarm
system in such a manner that operation of one sprinkler will actuate
the alarm system, and the location of the operated low device
shah be indicated on an annunciator a n d / o r register. Annunciator
or register shall be located at grade level at the normal point of fire
department access, at a constantly attended building security con-
trol center, or both locations.
8-5.3 When the location within the protected building where
supervisory or alarm signals are received is not under constant su-
perv~.""on. by. qualified
. . personnel in the employ of the owner, a con-
nectton snail be prowded to transmit a signal to a remote monitor-
ing station.
8-5.4 Alarm and supervisory systems in connection with the
sprinkler system shall be installed in accordance with NFPA Stan-
dards Central Station Protective Signaling Systems (NFPA No.
71-1972), Remote Station Protective Signaling Systems (NFPA No.
72C-1972), or Proprietary Protective Signaling Systems (NFPA
No. 72D--1972), as appropriate.
,2:534
•13-108 . S P R I N K L E R S Y S T E M S :' ," -
'-- Appendix A
The following notes bearing the same, number as the text of the
Standard for the Installation. of Sprinkler Systems to which they apNv-
contain useful explanatory material an d references to standards'. "
This Appendix is not a part of this NFPA Standardfor the Installation
of Sprinkler Systems but is i~luded for information,purposes only.
• " ..
,T , . , ~,~,. . ,
o.~
• <#
> ' -I ,~l- I , c ~ ' ~ ..~..o.: I : ~ -
~ ~I, , I ! I--
v
i
~-I ~.~ F 18" le. I ~
Oq
.~
o.~,~-,~
~, ' t
, .~- ~
l, I
:
I
~
'~
tk~
,~"-
Upright Sprinklers
[~ oo esAya ~ Io"-o ° - Ioo'-o" iI N
'-~"~ I ,,-----'---.
] r - - - l ~ l
Se¢o~o F~oo~ oe R.ooF PL~I I JOH~l DO[ CO. I
I A I I[J~'.q£ Hr..~E¢OND . ~ I " * ~ M I T H V I I . L E , N . Y * I
: ~ N ~.~_o_~ No~e-l, l l , l m i s I,,,,IAmiliD Tz4u8 ~- [ ~ . ' - ° ,.4.~o,,~...: , ~o-.-~ *~ I
I ~,~l/ oe.o're o.s'r,~.,:- ~w. ,.,, ~o~*': ::.~::I~.: .":.~ 11~1-4341 /
v INCHE~ FROM (:EII.INQ OR. ~L~femm~ I - I - l l ) l B i . "I:I.~ |'i ~ /
BOTTOM OF TRUSS TO CENTER, ~ J ~ i ~ s . i r l r qo. I ol,, I /
APPENDIX A
2537
13-111
~'".'~Reducing
or 8" x 4"
ell6"x i"
2~" hose flowthrough
open
I
L < ~
r%,.Cast iron flanked spigot
Pipe from underground
buth;hose
Employing horizontal run of 4-Inch pipe.and reducing flttin8 near base of riser.
Fromunde,~mund
APPROVED ~'~
INDICATING ~"f
VALVE
Install e plug or a topple Removeclapper
and Capend Push dur,ng Pushln8 a.
undergroundbeforedry ooerat,on Watermaybe d[scharEed
I~,PevaSve,s m ~ ..- throughopenend of 4"
~ p,peor throughy or
/ s,ameseconnectionwith
A P P R O V F"D ... I"
"..I ~
; hoseas shownabove
'-,.chechva,ve
FireDep',
INDICATING .~ ~ Grade
r " ~ n ~'." ~ - ' ~ T ~ , ~ --'IF"
VALVE ""~.
. ~ From u n d e r g r o u n ~
p'
A-2-5.1 A n a u t o m a t i c a l l y c o n t r o l l e d v e r t i c a l t u r b i n e p u m p
taking s u c t i o n f r o m a reservoir, p o n d , lake, r i v e r o r w e l l c o m p l i e s
with 2-5.1.
A - 2 - 6 . 3 T h e air pressure to b e c a r r i e d a n d t h e p r o p e r p r o p o r -
tion of air in t h e t a n k m a y b e d e t e r m i n e d f r o m the f o l l o w i n g
formulas, in w h i c h ,
P = Air pressure carried in pressure tank.
A = Proportion of air in tank.
H = Height of highest sprinkler above tank bottom.
When tank is placed above the highest sprinkler P = 30 _ 15.
A
A = ~,~ then P = 90 --15 = 75 pounds per sq. in.
A = ~ then P = 60 - - 1 5 = 45 pounds per sq. in.
A = 2/~ then P = 45 --15 -- 30 pounds per sq. in.
When tank is below level of the highest sprinkler
p = 30 --15 + 0.434H
A A
A = ~thenP =75 +1.30H
A ffi ~ then P -- 45 + 0.87H.
A = 2~ then P ffi 30 + 0.65H.
The respective air pressures above are calculated to ensure that
the last water will leave the tank at a pressure of 15 lbs. per square
inch when the base of the tank is on a level with the highest sprinkler,
or at such additional pressure as is equivalent to a head correspond-
ing to t h e d i s t a n c e b e t w e e n t h e base of t h e t a n k a n d t h e h i g h e s t
sprinkler w h e n t h e l a t t e r is a b o v e t h e tank.
T h e final p r e s s u r e r e q u i r e d a t t h e p r e s s u r e t a n k for systems d e -
signed f r o m T a b l e 2-2.1 (B) will n o r m a l l y b e h i g h e r t h a n t h e 15 psi
a n t i c i p a t e d in t h e p r e v i o u s p a r a g r a p h . The following formula
should be used to d e t e r m i n e t h e t a n k p r e s s u r e a n d r a t i o o f a i r to
water in h y d r a u l i c a l l y d e s i g n e d systems.
Pi - Pt + 15 15
A
where
Pi = Tank Pressure
Pt -- Pressure Required from
Hydraulic Calculations
A = Proportion of Air
E x a m p l e : Hydraulic calculations indicate 75 psi is required to
supply the system. What tank pressure will be required?
Pi 75 -at- 15 15
.5
Pi = 1 8 0 - - 15 = 165 psi
2540 SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
13-114
In this case, the tank would be filled with 50 per cent air and
50 per cent water and the tank pressure would be 165 psi. If the
pressure is too high the amount of air carried in the tank will have
to be increased.
Location of P r e s s u r e Tanks. Pressure tanks should be located
above the top level of sprinklers but may be located in the base.
ment or elsewhere.
A-2-7.3 Hose connections should be located on the street side
of the building and arranged so that hose lines can be readily and
conveniently attached to the inlet without interference from any
nearby objects including buildings, fences, posts, or other fire de-
partment connections.
Fire department connections to sprinkler systems shall be desig.
nated by a sign having raised letters at least one inch in size cast
on plate or fitting reading for service designated: Viz. - - " A U T O .
SPKR.", " O P E N S P K R . " o r " A U T O SPKR. AND STANDPIPE."
A-2-8.1 In private underground piping systems for buildings
of other than Light Hazard Occupancy, any dead-end pipe which
supp.lies both sprinklers and hydrants should be not less than 8 inches
In size.
A-2-8.2 Where riser is close to outside wall underground
fittings of proper design and type should be used in order to avoid
pipe joints being located in or under the wall.
A-2-9.1
Preeem'e O u p tm be
Tee~ ~ p e or drala
i-'-x/
•~ e e ~ ~ a l eeat ~obe valve
~ t h arreage~en~e for d r a i n l ~
l~l~ between ~auge and ~ l v e .
A-3-2
m E
LTSm
,,a
OAP
Fig. A-3-7.3 Flushing Connection.
2542 SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
13-116
~1 t /
--r- ~ APPROVED
"j~---~Sprinkler riser] |
|INDICATING
VALVE
~. ~-Drow-off riser
.--Check valve
PLAN ELEVATION
Fig. A-3-8.1.I One-Inch System Test Pipes on Wet-Pipe Systems.
Connect to top of main riser or to sprinkler pipe in the highest part of system.
The drawing on the upper portion of the page shows the preferred arrange-
ment. In special cases, the connection may be made in the m a n n e r shown
in the lower drawing.
APPENDIX A
2543
13-117
SE~ ~~
I " SIGHT GLA,SS~I~
I'UNION~
DRAIN VALVE
TO DRAIN
fin.45"Elbow
A-3-12.1.4
,t ,
,i
A-3-12.2 Approved flexible connections are permissible and
encouraged for sprinkler installations in racks to reduce possibility
of physical damage. •When flexible tubing is used it should be lo-
cated so that it will be protected against mechanical injury.
A-3-13.2.5 :
B C
D E
I
F
q .
H ! J g
G
N p
," ".L M . . . . " ; " ' ;
Q
• F i g . A-3-14.1 Common T y p e s of Acceptable H a n g e r s .
A - - U - t y p e H a n g e r for B r a n c h Lines.
B - - U-type H a n g e r for Cross Mains a n d Feed Mains.
C - - Adjustable Cllp for B r a n c h Lines.
D - - S i d e Beam Adjustable H a n g e r .
E - - Adjustable Coach Screw Clip for Branch Lines.
F - - Adjustable Swivel Ring H a n g e r with Expansion Shield.
G - - Adjustable Flat Iron H a n g e r .
H - - Adjustable Clevis H a n g e r .
I - - Cantilever Bracket.
j - - " U n i v e r s a l " I-beam Clamp.
K - - " U n i v e r s a l " C h a n n e l Clamp.
L - - C-type Clamp with Retaining Strap.
M ---"Center I-beam Clamp f o r B r a n c h l a n e s .
N - - T o p Beam Clamp. "- "'"
O - - "CL~Unlversal" Concrete Insert.
P - - C-type C~amp without Retain;ng Strap.
" Q ~ Eye Rod a n d Ring H a n g e r . ,
R - - W r a p - a r o u n d U Hook.
2547
APPENDIX A l&-121
r
tmmn
• .. • the . total . number
. of sprinklers which might open in a fire
lis recogmmended• Since the :number of.sprinklers which might
expected to open will be reduced where the:water pressure effee,
tive in first operating sprinklers is at least.75 psi without the dis-
advantage of a potential increase in fire damage,.t.his alternative
shouldbe given first consideration. - ' ;~ -' ~:
:- N O T E : Fire tests have sh.own.that ~ num be.r.of sprhakle~ which might
- be expected to open, p aruc..mar. Iy u n a e r eonalt~_ns_~Vnnk~erersto~t~v~l~Pmg
fires may expected c a n b e l m ~ t e a oy t h e u s e o i s p l . l l l l s J . . 15 &cm-
F l a t S l a b or P a n T y p e R e i n f o r c e d Concrete
Maximum Spacing: 130 Square Feet Per Sprinkler
LXS = 130 or less
Wall or Parkition~
L C
v-L
KEY
C = Column spacing.
L = Distance b e t w e e n branch lines, limit 15 feet.
S = Distance b e t w e e n sprinklers on branch lines, limit 15 feet.
EXAMPLES
C L S (Max.) C L S (Max.)
2tft. Sin. lOft. lOin. ~.ft. Oin. 21ft. sin. loft. Oin. ~ft. ~in.
24ft. Sin. 12ft. tin. 10ft. 9;,,.
~_ Wall or Partit;on'~
KEY
L -- Distance between branch lines, limit 1.5 feet.
S = Distance between sprinklers on branch lines limit 15 feet.
X = Width of bay.
EXAMPLES
X L S (Max.) X L S (Max.)
lOft. lOin. lOft. lOin. 12ft. Oin. lOft. 9in. lOft. Oin. 12ft. 1in.
z2ft. 1in. 12ft. li~. lOft. oin.
A-4-2.2.1.2
J o i s t s A b o v e G i r d e r s or F r a m e d i n t o G i r d e r s ;
Branch Lines Uniformly S p a c e d b e t w e e n Girders
M a x i m u m S p a C e S 1 3 0 Square Feet Per Sprinkler
= 130 or less
Wall or Partition~
KEY
L = Distance between branch lines, limit 15 feet.
S --- Distance between sprinklers on branch lines, limit 15 feet.
Y = Maximum distance between girders.
EXAJ~LE-q
y L S (Max.) Y L S (Max.)
10ft. 9 i n . 10ft. 9 i n . 12ft. l i n . 10ft. 10in. 10ft. 10in. 12ft. 0in.
12ft. l i n . 12ft. l i n . 10ft. gin.
Table A-4-2.3
Type OF CEILING LOCATION OF BRANCH LINE8
SmOOth Continuous:
Concrete mushroom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Either direction.
Concrete pan-type or flat. . . . . . . . . . . Either direction.
Sheathed (ceiling attached to bottom of
beams, wood joists or bar joists):
Girders beneath sheathing . . . . . . . . . Across the beams or joists.
No girders beneath sheathing . . . . . . Whichever direction facilitates
easy and proper hanging.
Bays more than 7 ~ feet wide:
Formed by beams supported on
columns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Parallel to beams.
Formed by beams supported on gird-
ers or trusses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Either across beams or parallel
to beams in the bays above
girders or trusses.
Supported directly on girders . . . . . . Parallel to girders.
Supported directly on trusses . . . . . . Either direction, parallel to or
through t r i m s .
Beam and Girdcr:
Wood or steel beams spaced 3 to 7 ~
feet apart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Across beams.
Open Bar Joist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Across the joist or trusses (either
through or under them).
Open Joists (wood, steel or concrete) . . . Across joists.
A-4-4.8
klers located in several small unheated areas which are remote from
each other, the dry-pipe valve and riser may be sized according to
the number of sprinklers in the largest ai~a. (Also see 5-2.3.2.)
A-$-2.4 In the case of dry-pipe valves having relatively small
priming chambers and in which the normal quantity of priming
water fills, or nearly fills, the entire priming chamber, the objec-
tive contemplated by this rule will be.met by requiring connection
of the quick-opening device at a poifit on d~e riser above the dry-
pipe valve, which will provide a capacity measure between the
normal priming level of the air chamber and the connection of
11/~, 2 and 3 gallons for 4-, 5- and 6-inch risers, respectively. Making
the connection 24 inches above the normal priming water level will
ordinarily provide this capacit//. .:
• A-5-2.5 The dry-pipe valve s h o u l d b e located in an ac-
cessible place near the sprinkler system it controls.
W h e n exposed to cold, the dry-pipe valve should be located in
an approved valve room or enclosure and, where this is not pos-
sible, in an underground pit acceptable to the authority having
jurisdiction. R o o m should be of sufficient size to give at least 21/~
fcct of frec space at the sides and in front of, also above and below
the dry-pipe valve or valves, and this room, if feasible, should not
bc built until the valve is in position.
Size of enclosures should be governed by the number and ar-
rangement of dry-pipe valves, so as to give ready access to these
devices.
' A-5-2.6 Careful installation and maintenance, and some
special arrangements of piping and devices as outlined in this
section arc needed to avoid thc formation of ice an I frost inside
piping in cold storage rooms which will be maintained at or below
32° F. Conditions arc particularly favorable to condensation where
pipes enter cold rooms from rooms having temperatures above
freezing. .
Whenever the opportunity offers, fittings such as specified in
Paragraph 5-2-6.1 and illustrated in Figs. 5-2.6.1 (A) and 5-2.6.1 (B),
as well as flushing connections specified in Paragraph 3-7.2, should
bc provided in existing systems.
When possible, risers should be located in stair towers or other
locations Outside of refrigerated areas. This would reduce the
probabilities of ice or frost formation within the riser (supply) pipe.
Cross mains should be connected to risers or feed mains with
flanges. =In "general, flanged fittings should be installed at points
which would" allow easy dismantling of the system. Split ring or
other easily removable types of hangers will facilitate the dis-
mantling.
2558 SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
15--132
A-5-2.7.2 The compressor should draw its air supply from
a place where the air is dry and not too warm. Moisture may cause
trouble from condensation in the system.
A-5-3.2 Pre-action and deluge systems may also have outside
sprinklers for protection against exposure fire.
A-5-3.3 Conditions of occupancy or special hazards may re.
quire quick application of large quantities of water and in such
cases deluge systems may be needed.
Fire detection devices should be selected to assure operation,
yet guard against premature operation of sprinklers, based on
normal room temperatures and draft conditions.
In locations where ambient temperature at ceiling is high, from
heat sources other than fire conditions, heat-responsive devices
should be selected which operate at higher than ordinary tempera.
ture and which are capable of withstanding the normal high tern.
perature for long periods of time.
When corrosive conditions exist, materials or protective coatings
which resist corrosion should be used.
To help avoid ice formation in piping because of accidental trip-
ping of dry-pipe valves in cold storage rooms, a deluge automatic
water control valve may be used on the supply side of the dry-pipe
valve. When this combination is employed:
Dry systems may be manifolded to a deluge valve, the protected
area not exceeding 40,000 square feet. The distance between valves
should be as short as possible to minimize water hammer.
The dry-pipe valves should be pressurized to 50 pounds per
square inch to reduce the possibility of dry-pipe valve operation
from water hammer.
A-5-3i5 Size of Systems. Not more than 1,000 closed sprin-
klers shall be controlled by any one pre-action valve.
A-5-3.6 Deluge systems are usually applied to severe condi-
tions of occupancy. In designing piping systems the pipe sizes
should be calculated in accordance with the standards for hy-
draulically designed sprinkler systems as given in Chapter 7, ex-
cept for installations of not more than 20 sprinklers the pipe sched-
ule for extra hazard occupancies may be used. (See 3-6.1.)
When eight-inch piping is employed to reduce friction losses in
a system operated by heat-responsive devices a six-inch pre-action
or deluge valve and six-inch gate valve between taper reducers may
be used.
2.559
APPENDIX A 13--133
A-5-4.1.1
I[
A-54.3
T U B I N G OR W I R I N G T O r- -
FIRE DETECTION SYSTEM --" I It- -
Ii "
TO S A F E PLACE
-E
A-7-1.2
a t ............................................ c o n t r a c t no .................
is designed to discharge a t a rate of. ................... g p m
p e r square foot of floor a r e a over a m a x i m u m a r e a
of. ........................... square feet w h e n supplied with
w a t e r a t a r a t e of .................... g p m a t ................... psi
a t the base of the riser.
A:7-3a
• . Ss'ec~ N o . ~ o d ' ~ - - _ , _ _ , _ . _
• ~ Ncn'~d
Not~
~,~ ~, ~• ~, ~ ~,~ t~/f~. ~"
l~cati~
- - - - . Pt Pt
" Pc ~n
Q. tot,
Pt F~
q . ,--
Pt Pn
tot.
P't
• L I ~ Iit" Pv
q f__.f_f_f_f_f_f_f_f~- ~ 1:~ --
tot.
F~ Ps
~' rf ~
Q
Pt
~,~ _ --~ -~
Q tot.
Pt Pt
tot.
Pt Pt
Igth. Pv
q
PI PI
Igth.
q --
I~ Pn
tot.
Pt ' Pt
Q tot.
Pl P1
~th.
Pe Pn
:Q tot. '
Pt P~
pf rv '
tot.
- - I~th. 'Pt Ih
q--- ~ ~ ~ -
Ih P1
M Pv - -
Q tot.
• Pt Ih
- - Fe Pn
Q tot
q ~ ---~-~-~
- - Pe
Q ~.
Pt Pt
q
tot. F~ Pn
~th. Pt Pt - -
pf ~" --
Q , m~
Pt P~
m
q f~. ,
Q ~.
Iq t . A-7-~.5 B a m p l e W o r k ~hec*.
2563
'APPENDIX A 13~-137
120
"li'0 ]
IO0
9O
fl" 70
I
uJ
~ eo
20
0
I00 200 300. 400 500 600 700 800 900 I000
• Appendix B
T h e following contains useful and explanatory information about
subjects related to the,installation of sprinkler systems but not cov-
ered in the text of the Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler
Systems.
This Appendix is not 'a part of this ~rFPA Standard for the. Installation
of Sprinkler. Systems but is includedfor information purposes onty.
13-1 General Information
B-I.1 Impairments.
• B-1-1.1 Before shutting off a section of the fire service system
t6 make sprinkler system connections, notify the authority having
jurisdiction, plan the work carefully, and assemble• a l l materials
to enable completion in shortest possible time.. Work started on
connections should be rushed to completion without interruption,
and protection restored as promptly as possible. During the im-
pairment, provide emergency hose lines, additional fire pails and
extinguishers , and rriaintain extra watch service in the areas affected.
B-l-l.2 When changes involve shutting off water from any
considerable number of sprinklersfor more than a few hours,
temp6rary water supply connections should be-made to sprinkler
systems so that reasonable .protection can be maintained. In adding
to old systems or revampmg them, protection should be restored
each night so far as possible. The members of the "private fire bri-
gade as well as public fire department should be notified as to con-
ditions.
B-l-2 Workmanship.' A'sprinkler system is fi specialized fire
protection System and requires kfiowledgeable and experienced
design and iristall~don. "
B-1-3 Preliminary Plans.
B-1-3.1 Preliminary layouts should be submitted for review
to the authority having jurisdiction before any equipment is in-
stalled or remodeled in order to avoid error or subsequent mis-
understanding. Any material deviation from approved plans will
require permission of the authority having juridiction.
B-1-3.2 Preliminary layouts should show:
(a) Name of owner and occupant
{b) Location, including street address
(c) Point of compass
(d) Construction and occupancy of each building
| "i "° ' "•
L~ i18 1L~dert
m
i I "
~:A.~vED ,,DlcATI.o vA~v~
I
~l.t~,.lO:O o G'nde
~i~'6°Abovn ,
t ,~.,IN 00(~ CO.
FIRE PROTECTION
CONNE(:TION TO BUILOING
DOMESTIC
• CON NEC TIGN-~'~ FIRE PROTECTION
4- t~" CONNECT ION "
I-- . . . . -1
00ME~ST~C J
CONNECTION J
t M
A
CONNECTION W I T H I N II .+ I
• BUILDING I I
I_ . . . . . _.1
CONNF'CTION IN P I T
-I
B C
A
Fig. B-3.1 Watertight Riser Sleeves.
A - - For wood or concrete floors; B and C - - for concrete floors.
tending three to six inches above the top of the wearing surface
and capped with a pipe collar, to prevent passage of water, smoke
or fire.~ T i g h t metal collars are advisable about pipes to cover such
holes through wooden floors in multistory buildings.
B-3-2.5 Drains, fire department connections and other aux-
iliary piping connected to risers should n o t be cemented into nearby
walls or floors; similarly, pipes which pass horizontally through walls
or foundations should not be cemented solidly or strains will ac-
cumulate at such point.
B-3-2.6 A p a i r of approved flexible couplings:htith a length
of pipe between, readily permits a considerable offset in any di-
rection. Piping crossing the joint between two buildings should be
provided with a pair of approved flexible couplings.
' B-3-2.7 Holes through fire walls should b e y acked with min-
eral wo01 or other suitable material held in pla~:e with pipe collars
on each side. When pipes pass through foundation walls o r pit
walls, the walls should be made watertight.
B-3-2.8 Tank risers or discharge pipes should be treated the
same as sprinkler risers for their portion within a building. The
discharge pipe of tanks on buildings should have a control valve
above the roof line so any pipe-break within the building can be
controlled.
B~3-2.9 Flexible couplings may be omitted on pipes which
are less than 3 ~ i n c h diameter.
B-3-2.10 Sway Bracing for Protection Against Earthquakes.
B-3-2.10.1 Feed'a/~d cross mains should be braced to pre-
vent excessive oscillation. The tops of risers should be secured against
drifting,in any direction. Branch lines will not require bracing ex-
cept that where " U " hook hangers are used on branch lines the
pipe should be secured to the end hanger so that the pipe cannot
whip u p a n d , down and strike the ceiling ,or beams. This may be
done by using a wrap around " U " hook hanger as shown in Fig.
A-3-14.1.
B-3-2.10.2 Feed and cross main pipingshould be laterally
braced So that it Will withstand a force under tension or compression
equal to 50 per cent of the weight of the piping, valve attachments
and water.
B-3-2.10.3 All piping outside of buildings which is not
buried shouldbe securely anchored to prevent swaying.
i]-3-2.10.4 Where a system is hung with U-type .hangers
2.572 SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
I~-146
they may satisfy nlost of the requirements for sway bracing except,
in general, the longitudinal hangers as numbered " 1 " in Figure
B-3.2A0.4 will be necessary in addition. U-type hangers are better
lateral braces when the legs are bent Out 10°.''
i I
Cr2o:sns/. ,.~2 . '~Top of" Riser ;
(4 Way.Bracing)
• Indicates suitable location of hangers.to o.ppose
the movement of feed.and cross mares m r~e
direction along the main. One hanger will be
~ sufficient for each main unless it is ot exceptional
length or contains offsets or changes in direction.
Two-inch and smaller pipes do not require this
type of bracing.
Indicates suitable location of hangers to oppose
transverse (perpendicular to pipe) m o v e r n e n ~
I feed and cross mains. They should De. iota .
at intervals of 30 t o 40 feet. The end hanger of
this ~ should be on the last piece of cross or
ANm.u FIATS
I~XI~x ~in. 4 ft. 10in. l~x ~in. 1 ft. 2in.
2 x2 x~in. 6ft. 6in. 2 x~in. l f t . 2in.
2~x2 x~in. 7ft. 0in. 2 x~in. lft. 9in.
2~x2~x ~in. 8ft. 2in. Pn, E
3 x2~x~in. 8ft. 10in. 1 in. 7ft. 0in.
3 x3 x~in. 9ft. 10in. l~in. 9ft. 0in.
RODS 1 ~ in. 10 ft. 4 in.
~in. 3ft. l i n . 2 in. 13ft. lin.
~in. 3ft. 7in.
./~.opIPE oR L - +
••
f_
Boltsineach
o
Fig. B-3.5 Identification Sign.
2576 SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
13-150
B-4 Spacing, Location, and Position of Sprinklers.
B-4-1 Preparation of Building." ~
B-4-2.4 Enclosures.
B-4-2.4.1 Sprinklers should be installed in enclosed equip-
ment where combustible materials are processed or where combus-
tible wastes or deposits may accumulate. Examples of such locations
may include ovens, driers, dust collectors, conveyors, large ducts,
spray booths, paper machine hoods," paper machine economizers,
parts of textile preparatory machines and similar enclosures.
B-4-2.4.2 .Sprinklers should be installed in small enclosed
structurds of cor~Ibustible construction or 'containing combustible
material.- Examples of such locations may include penthouses,
passageways, small offices, stock rooms, closets, vaults, or similar
enclosures.
B-4-2.4.3 For Small enclosures pipes may be outside
the enclosures and sprinklers installed in approved dome,shaped
2578 SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
13-152
!t-5 T y p e s of Systems.
B-5-1 Pre-Actlon a n d D e l u g e Systems - - Valves.
B-5-1.1 i n hazardous locations an approved indicating type
valve or manual means for operation of pre-action or deluge valve
should be installed in a location Where access to the control valves
is not likely to be prevented under fire erpergency conditions.
]]1-5-1.2 With deluge systems the deluge valve• should be lo-
cated as close as possible to the hazard protected, bUtsi(ie any fire
or explosion hazard area: . . . . . .. . .
15-5-2 Filling with Antifreeze Solutions. With water supp y
valve closed and the system di'ained, fill-the piping through the fill-
ing cup, using a suitable ~antifreeze solution of the proper con-'
APPENDIX B
2579
13--15.~
centration. Vent the air at the end sprinklers. Back out all sprinklers
slighdy until the liquid appears so that the piping will be completely
filled and all air expelled. If the filling cup is not above the highest
sprinklers, the piping may be filled through valve B by means of a
small pump or through a filling cup installed at the highest branch
sprinkler line. If the last-named method is used, the drop pipe
should be filled through the filling cup shown in diagram. T h e n
tighten the sprim~ler heads and open valve A until the 12-inch
section of pipe above this valve is empty and the level of the anti-
freeze solution in the drop pipe is at valve A. Close valve A. Close
the filling connection valve and slowly open. the supply valve wide.
B-6-1 T y p e .
B-6-1.1 Small. orifice sprinklers will normally be used where
exposure is light or moderat% area of coverage is small, or'where
one horizontal line of window sprinklers is installed a t each floor
level.. :•
B-6-$.6 When the overhang of the cornice is not over one foot,
window sprinklers should be used and be spaced as follows:
in. a n d ~ in. sprinklers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N o t over 7 ft. a p a r t
s~ in. sprinklers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N o t over 7 ft. a p a r t
in. sprinklers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N o t over 9 ~ ft. a p a r t
Appendix C
Appendix D "
This Appendix is not a part of this aVF.PA Sta.ndardJot the Installation
of Sprinkler Systems but is included for mJormatzon purposes only.
SMOOTH CEILING 10 12 14 16
BEAM AND GIRDER 16 16 20 20
Panel up to 300 sq. ft. 18 18 22 22
BAR JOISTS 10 12 - - - -
WOOD J o l s T ~ t e r
O P E N 3' or
less (see para. 4250 for centers
over 3') 6
Minimum below ceiling is Y' except 1" below open wood joists.
Minimum below beams !", maximum 4". Do not exceed maximum below
ceiling. 4"
*Not more than below beams where lines run across beams.
.Append/x E
E-1 R e f e r e n c e P u b l i c a t i o n s . .
E-l-1 NFPA Standards. This publication makes reference to
the following NFPA Codes and Standards and the year dates shown
indicate the latest edition available:
(a) NFPA No. 22-1971, Water Tanks for Private Protection
(b) NFPA No. 20-1972, Installation of Centrifugal Fire Pumps
(c) NFPA No. 24-1970, Outside Protection
(d) NFPA No. 13A-1971, Care & Maintenance of Sprinkler
Systems
(e) NFPA No. 231-1972, Indoor General Storage
(f) NFPA No. 231C-1972, Rack Storage of Materials
(g) NFPA No. 14-1971, Installation of Standpipe & Hose
Systems
(h) NFPA No. 87-1971, Construction of Piers & Wharves
(i) NFPA No. 81-1969, Fur Storage, Fumigation & Cleaning
(j) NFPA No. 71-1972, Central Station Protective Signal-
ing Systems .....
(k) NFPA No. 72B-1972, Auxiliary Protective Signaling
Systems
(1) NFPA No. 62C-1972, Remote Station Protective Sig-
naling Systems
(m) NFPA No. 72D-1972, Proprietary Protective Signaling
Systems
(n) NFPA No. 220-1961, Standard Types. of Building Con-
struction
(o) NFPA No. 96-1971, Vapor Removal From Cooking
Equipment
E-1-2 Other Codes and Standards. This publication makes
reference to the following codes and standards and the year dates
shown indicate the latest editions vailable:
(a) ANSI Standard No. B31.1.1-1967, with Addenda B31.1Oa
-1971 and B31.1Ob-q971~ Power Piping, American National
Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, NY 10018.
(b) ANSI Standard No. N16.9-1971, Factory-Made Wrought
Steel Buttweld fittings, American National Standards Institute,
1430 Broadway, New York, NY 10018.
2586 SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
15-160
(c) ANSI Standard No. B16.25-1964, Buttwelding Ends for
Pipe, Valves, Flanges and Fittings, American National Standards
Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, NY 10018
(d) ASTM Standard No. 234-1971, Specifications for Piping
Fittings of Wrought-Carbon Steel and Alloy for Moderate & Ele-
vated Temperatures, American Society for Testing and Materials,
1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103
(e) ASTM Standard No. A120-1972a, Welded and Seamless
Steel Pipe for Ordinary Uses, Specifications for Black and Hot-
Dinned Zinc Coated (Galvanized), American Society for Testing
an[(l~aterials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103
(f) ASTM Standard No. A53-1972a, Specifications for Welded
and Seamless Steel Pipe, American Society for Testing and Ma-
terials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103
(g) ANSI Standard No. B36.10-1970, Wrought-Steel and
Wrought Iron Pipe, American National Standards Institute,
1430 Broadway, New York, NY 10018
(h) ASTM Standard No. B75-1972, Specifications for Seam-
less Copper Tube, American Society for Testing and Materials,
1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103; or
(i) ASTM Standard No. 88-1972, Specifications for Seam-
less Copper Water Tube, American Society for Testing and Ma-
terials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103
(j) ASTM Standard No. B251-1971, Specifications For Gen-
eral Reouirements For Wrought Seamless Copper and Copper-
Alloy Tube, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race
Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103.
(k) AWS Standard No. A5.8-1969, Brazing Filler Metal.