PLANNING FOR

PARTICULAR PROJECTS
Urban and Regional Planning
PLANNING FOR PARTICULAR PROJECTS

• Land-use planning
• Physical planning
• Urban design
• Heritage Conservation and Adaptive
Reuse
RESOURCE USE AND
DEVELOPMENT
RESOURCE
• Anything that
offers a means of
attaining certain
socially valued
goals
• Satisfies human
needs or wants
• Not necessarily
tangible
CRITERIA FOR AN ELEMENT TO BE
CLASSIFIED AS A RESOURCE
1. Extraction and
utilization is possible
via existing knowledge
and technical skills.
2. There must be a
demand for the
materials and services
produced.
TWO MAJOR TYPES OF RESOURCE

1. Stock or Non-
Renewable
• Exhaustible resources
2. Flow or Renewable
• Inexhaustible resources
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT APPROACHES
• Define limits to resources
• Inventories, surveys and assessment

• Avoid approaching limits of

resource availability
• Planning and management
• Technology development

• Reduce wants and to

encourage multi-purpose use
if resources
• Policy
• Command and control / Economic
instruments
PRINCIPLES OF RESOURCE ALLOCATION
• Allow market forces to
dictate resource use by
competition between
demand and supply.
• Planning constraints and
balanced judgement
which take into account
other factors such as
social, cultural, strategic
& environmental impacts
FOREST RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
Forest Resource
• Includes soil and all elements
found on it, above and below the
ground in an area classified as
Forest Land
Forest Resources
Management
• The application of integrated &
sustainable development,
regulation, production, &
conservation strategies for each
of the different forest resources
FOREST LAND USE PLANNING
Process according to DENR-Forest
Management Bureau
1. Data and Map Collection
2. Situational Analysis
3. Participatory Process in Planning the
Allocation of Forest and Forest Lands
and Prioritizing Sub-Watersheds
4. Plan Preparation
5. Legitimization
6. FLUP Approval
7. FLUP Implementation
INLAND
WATER
RESOURCES
Include swamplands,
fishponds, and other
inland water resources
(lakes, rivers, reservoirs)
– for water supply.
CLASSIFICATION OF INLAND SURFACE
WATER BODIES (BASED ON WATER QUALITY)
1. Class AA – waters intended 5. Class D – waters intended for
for public water supply agriculture, irrigation,
livestock watering etc.
2. Class A – waters suitable as
water supply requiring
conventional treatment
3. Class B – waters intended for
primary contact recreation
4. Class C – waters for fishery,
recreation, boating and supply
for manufacturing processes
after treatment
SURFACE WATER & GROUNDWATER
RESOURCES

• The Philippines obtains its • Groundwater

water supply from different
• A subsurface water the
sources.
occurs beneath a water
• These include: table in soils and rocks or
• Rainfall in geological formations
• Surface water
• Groundwater
MAIN SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION

• Domestic/Municipal
wastewater
• Agricultural
wastewater
• Industrial
wastewater
BIODIVERSITY RESOURCES
• The Philippines is
considered as one of the
world’s biologically richest
countries.
• The country’s terrestrial
and marine habitats
contain some of the richest
biodiversities of flora and
fauna, & its waters are
considered part of the coral
triangle.
WHY BIODIVERSITY MATTERS TO
PHILIPPINE DEVELOPMENT
• The ability of policy makers
to address the key
challenge of reducing
poverty in the country is
dependent on building the
capacity to appropriately
manage and conserve
ecosystems & the
services they provide.
SERVICES THE PHILIPPINES DERIVES FROM
BIODIVERSITY

• Water • Carbon
Sequestration and
• Food
Climate regulation
• Pharmaceuticals
• Crop pollination
• Biomass Fuels
• Cultural, intellectual
and spiritual inspir
PROTECTED AREAS
• Encompass outstandingly
remarkable areas and
biologically important
public lands that are
habitats of rare and
endangered species of
plants and animals,
biogeographic zones &
related ecosystems,
whether terrestrial,
wetland or marine.
CATEGORIES OF PROTECTED AREAS
ACCORDING TO THE NIPAS LAW
• National Park • Natural Park
• Natural Monuments • Resource Reserve
• Natural Biotic Area • Strict Nature Reserve
• Protected • Wildlife Sanctuary
Landscapes/Seascapes
MINERAL RESOURCES
Minerals
• Natural substances
usually comprising,
inorganic element or
compound, having an
orderly internal structure
& characteristic, chemical
composition, crystal form
& physical properties.
MINERAL RESOURCES
Mineral Resource
• Any concentration of
minerals with a
potential economic
value that can be
extracted for profit.
• Metallic, Non-metallic
and fuels
MINING INDUSTRY AND ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT

• Provides employment opportunities

directly and indirectly
• Mining firms invest in infrastructure,
utilities and other facilities within the
mine site
• Export
MINING INDUSTRY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
• Mining activities involve operations that have
significant environmental impact
• There is always potential for environmental
and ecological problems, from the construction
of mining facilities to the extraction to the
processing
• Mineral resources are non-renewable, once
extracted, the ore is gone and will take a very long
time to replenish
LAND RESOURCES

• Land resources meet

many human needs,
they provide the
essential needs for
life and are the
building blocks for
development
BENEFITS OF LAND RESOURCES
1. To produce food as one of the energy sources
2. Serves as habitat and niches for animals
3. Regulates the climate, hydrological & biological
cycles in the earths surface & biological processes
4. Carrier, it provides spaces and a suitable substrate
for residential settlements, cultivation, energy
conversion, recreation, tourism
5. Provides a holistic spatial system in which humans
interact with their environment.
CONSERVATION OF LAND RESOURCES

• Process of preserving
the good quality of
land to meet human
needs at present &
even for future
generations
WATERSHED
MANAGEMENT PLANNING
WATERSHED
A land area drained by a
stream or a fixed body of
water and its tributaries
having a common outlet
for surface runoff
WATERSHED MANAGEMENT
• The process of guiding
and organizing land
and other resource
uses in a watershed to
provide desired goods
and services without
adversely affecting
soil, water and other
natural resources
INTEGRATED WATERSHED MANAGEMENT
PLAN
Framework:
A. Preparatory activities
• Planning team, activity plan,
procurement, secondary data, analysis
of base maps, workshops
B. Watershed
Characterization
• Consultation, FGD, KII, transect
walks, community mapping, surveys
and profiling, soil analysis, water
analysis, flora and fauna inventory
C. Analysis of Data &
Information
• GIS analysis, application of
tools/models, social & cultural
analysis, economic analysis, financial
analysis, others.
D. Plan Formulation
• Justify decisions and
recommendations
TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
PLANNING
TOURISM
• Tourism comprises the
activities of persons
travelling to and staying
in places outside their
usual environment for
not more than one
consecutive year for leisure,
business and other
purposes not related to the
exercise of an activity
remunerated from within
the place visited.
TOURISM DEVELOPMENT AND PROMOTION
• Tourism development and
promotion are among the
functions of Local
Government Units (LGUs) as
mandated by the Local
Government Code of 1991 (RA
7160). As local governments
shifted to more participatory
forms of development
governance, they were also
encouraged to enjoin other
stakeholders in local tourism
development and promotion.
FORMULATING THE LOCAL TOURISM
DEVELOPMENT PLAN
1. Analyze the situation 4. Identify programs, projects
• What is the tourism situation in your and activities
locality at the present time? • What will you do to implement your
strategies?
2. Formulate goals and
objectives 5. Develop a monitoring and
• What do you want to achieve for evaluation strategy
tourism in your locality in the future? • How do you measure progress?
• When do you want to achieve this?
3. Develop Strategies
• What paths do you take? How do you
get from the present tourism
• situation to the future state you
desire?
CLIMATE AND DISASTER RISK
ASSESSMENT & POST-DISASTER
RECOVERY PLANNING
CLIMATE & DISASTER RISK ASSESSMENT
AND CLUP INTEGRATION
1. Collect & organize climate
change & hazard information
2. Scope and potential impacts of
hazards and climate change
3. Develop the exposure database
4. Conduct a climate change
vulnerability assessment
5. Conduct a disaster risk
assessment
6. Summarize Findings
POST-DISASTER RECOVERY PLANNING
1. Preliminary Assessment
of damage, loss and
needs
2. Conduct climate &
disaster risk assessment
3. Integrate CRDA
findings with risk
sensitive CLUP
4. Prepare CDP and ELA
with focus on LGU’s
vision
TRANSPORTATION
PLANNING
TRANSPORTATION PLANNING
• The process of
understanding,
assessing and
designing transport
systems to provide for
safe and efficient
movement of people,
goods, and services in
an environmentally
responsible manner
TYPICAL STRUCTURE OF A TRANSPORT PLAN
FRAMEWORK D. Menu of Transport Strategies
A. Transport Vision
• The envisioned form of the planning
area’s future transport system
B. General Objectives
• Overall aims and goals of the
framework to meet the vision
C. Transport Policy Framework
• Set of policies that will guide the
formulation and development of
strategies that draw the
corresponding transport projects,
programs, measures and schemes to
ensure that the general objectives
obtained
• Specific sets of strategies (and
corresponding goals and objectives)
consistent with the policy framework
E. Roadmap of Transport
projects, programs,
measures and schemes
• Menu of transport initiatives (hard and
soft), prioritized overtime in support of
the policy framework
F. Institutional Framework
• The institutional mechanisms &
strategies to ensure that the transport
plan framework will be materialized
• Including proposed budgetary
requirements & procurement modes and
capacity building requirements
URBAN TRANSPORT MODELLING SYSTEM
“THE FOUR-STEP MODEL”
TRIP GENERATION
TRIP DISTRIBUTION
MODAL SPLIT
TRIP ASSIGNMENT
TRANSPORT SYSTEM MANAGEMENT (TSM)

• Actions designed to Types of TSM measures:

increase system 1. Facility Improvement
efficiency through • Road widening, road paving,
rehab of traffic control,
operational intersection channelization,
improvements, rehab of lane markings etc.
thereby increasing 2. New Transport
demand that can be Systems
accommodated. • Shuttle system, bikeway
system, mass transit system
TRANSPORT DEMAND MANAGEMENT (TDM)

• The art of influencing traveler behavior

through the application of strategies and
policies for the purpose of reducing of
redistributing travel demand.
TRANSPORT DEMAND MANAGEMENT (TDM)
Types of TDM measures: 4. Peak-period dispersion
• Staggered work hours, shortened work
1. Land use measures week, flexitime
• FAR control, density cap, zoning,
relocation of terminals etc. 5. Ride sharing techniques
• Van, bus, carpooling, tnvs etc.
2. Traffic constraint
techniques 6. Parking control techniques
• Traffic restrictions, number coding, tolls, • On street parking restriction, parking fee
planned congestion, vehicle ownership collection, park & ride, remote parking
restraints etc. etc.
3. Public Transportation
improvement
• Bus lanes, bus only streets, busways,
public transport priority, public transport
fare reform
PLANNING FOR
PARTICULAR PROJECTS
Urban and Regional Planning