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BOOKMARKS Solution Report For Basic : Hydrology & Irrigation

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Q.1 The mass curve of rainfall of a storm is a plot of
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a. accumulated precipitation volume versus time in decreasing order.
b. rainfall intensity versus time in chronological order.
c. accumulated rainfall intensity versus time.
d. accumulated precipitation volume versus time in chronological order.
Attempt Incorrect Your Ans. a Correct Ans. d

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Solution. 1
(d)
Q.2 A precipitation in the form of water droplets of size less than 0.5 mm and intensity less
than 1 mm/hr is known as
a. Rain
b. Sleet
c. Hail
d. Drizzle
Attempt Correct Correct Ans. d

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Solution. 2
(d)
Rain is used to describe precipitations in the form of water drops of size larger than
0.5 mm. Sleet is frozen raindrops of transparent grain which form when rain falls
through air at subfreezing temperature. Hail is a showry precipitation in the form of
irregular pallets of size more than 8 mm.
Q.3 Interception losses
a. includes evaporation and transpiration losses

b. consists of only evaporation loss
c. consists of only stemflow
d. include evaporation and stemflow
Attempt Incorrect Your Ans. a Correct Ans. b

Solution. 3
(b)
A part of rain may be caught by vegetation and subsequently evaporated. The
volume of water so caught is called interception. Interception loss is solely due to
evaporation and does not include transpiration, through flow or stemflow.
Q.4 A stream that carries discharge in rainy season and remains dry during hot weather is
known as
a. Ephemeral stream
b. Intermittent stream
c. Influent stream
d. Effluent stream
Attempt Correct Correct Ans. b

Solution. 4
(b)

Intermittent stream have flowing water periods during the wet season (winter-spring)
but are normally dry during hot summer months. They do not have continuous
flowing water year-round and are not “relatively permanent waters”.
"intermittent" streams which normally cease flowing for weeks or months each year,
and with "ephemeral" channels that flow only for hours or days following rainfall.
Q.5 Select the correct statement:
a. irrigation helps in adopting mixed cropping.

b. ‘mixed cropping’ means sowing of a different crop after a particular crop has been grown.
c. over-irrigation may lead to saving of fertilizers.
d. irrigation helps in avoiding mixed cropping.
Not Attempt Correct Ans. d

Solution. 5
(d)
The areas where irrigation is not assured, mixed cropping is adopted. Mixed
cropping means sowing different crops together in the same field. Mixed cropping is
not desirable as different amount of water and field conditions. Farmers are not
benefitted. If irrigation water is assured, mixed cropping may be eliminated and
single superior crop may be grown to get the maximum benefits.
Q.6 Salinity in irrigation water is measured by:
a. SAR value
b. Electrical conductivity
c. pH-value
d. none of the above
Attempt Incorrect Your Ans. a Correct Ans. b

Solution. 6
(b)

Q.7 In a concrete gravity dam, with a sloping upstream face, the resisting force is provided
by the
a. weight of the dam

b. weight of the water supported on the upstream slope
c. Both (a) and (b)
d. None of these
Attempt Correct Correct Ans. c

Solution. 7
(c)
Q.8 The ‘meander length’ for an alluvial river is:
a. the total channel length along its looped course

b. the total channel length minus the direct straight length
c. the axial length of one meander
d. the looped length of one meander
Not Attempt Correct Ans. c

Solution. 8
(c)
Q.9 A canal is 60 km long and has an average surface width of 15 m. If the evaporation
measured in a class A pan is 0.6 cm/day, then the volume of water evaporated in a

month of 30 days ___________ m3. [Given pan constant for class A pan = 0.7]
Not Attempt Correct Ans. 113400 (113399.99 - 113400.01)

Solution. 9
113400 (113399.99 - 113400.01)
Q.10 If the base period of a 4-h unit hydrograph is 48h, then the hydrograph of a storm of 8h,
derived from this unit hydrograph, will be having a base period of __________ hours.

Solution. 10
52 (51.99 - 52.01)
Q.11 The peak of flood hydrograph due to a 3-h duration isolated storm in a catchment is
230 m3/s. The total depth of rainfall is 5.9 cm. Assuming an average infiltration loss of
0.3 cm/h and a constant base flow of 30 m3/s, the peak of 3-h unit hydrograph of this
catchment is ____________ m3/s.

Not Attempt Correct Ans. 40 (39.99-40.01)

Solution. 11
40 (39.99-40.01)
Q.12 A 80 km2 catchment has a 4-h unit hydrograph which can be approximated as a
triangle. If the peak ordinate of this unit hydrograph is 10 m3/s then the time base is
__________ hours.
Not Attempt Correct Ans. 44.44 (44 - 45)

Solution. 12
44.44 (44 - 45)
Q.13 An irrigation water has following characteristics:
The SAR value of the water is _____________.


Solution. 13
14.34 (14 - 15)
Q.14 The duty for a crop for a base period of 110 days is 1400 hectares/cumec. The delta of
the crop is _______ cm.
Not Attempt Correct Ans. 67.88 (67.5 -68 )

Solution. 14
67.88 (67.5 -68 )
Q.15 The silt factor ‘f ’ as used by Lacey in his regime theory was found to be 1.2. The
median size of this alluvium is _____________ mm.
Not Attempt Correct Ans. 0.46 (0.45 - 0.48)

Solution. 15
0.46 (0.45 - 0.48)

Q.16 A soil has a field capacity of 25%, permanent wilting point of 15%, and specific weight
of 14.7 kN/m3. If the root zone depth of the grown crop is 90 cm, then its available
moisture holding capacity is ____________ cm.

Solution. 16
13.5 (13 - 14)
Q.17 Depth-Area-Duration curves of precipitation at a station would normally be
a. concave upwards, with duration increasing outward.

b. concave downwards, with duration increasing outward.
c. concave upwards, with duration decreasing outward.
d. concave downwards, with duration decreasing outward.
Not Attempt Correct Ans. b

Solution. 17
(b)
Q.18 Unit hydrograph is generally used for

1. extending flood flow records by using the available rainfall records.

2. developing flood forecasting and warning system based on rainfall data.
3. developing flood hydrograph for extreme rainfall magnitudes for the design of
hydraulic structures.
Of these, the correct statements are
a. 1 and 3
b. 1 and 2
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2 and 3

Solution. 18
(d)
Q.19 Consider the following statements:

1. Fan shaped catchments give narrow hydrograph with low peak.
2. Clark’s method is used to develop an Instantaneous unit hydrograph.
3. A linear reservoir is characterized by a linear relationship between the storage and
the discharge.
Which of the above statements are CORRECT?
a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2 and 3

Solution. 19
(c)
Fan shaped i.e. nearly semicircular shaped catchments give high peak and narrow
hydrographs while elongated catchments give broad and low-peaked hydrographs.
Q.20 Match List-I (Hydrological Terms) with List-II (Relationship) and select the correct

answer using the codes given below the lists:
a. a
b. b
c. c
d. d

Solution. 20
(c)
Q.21 With the increase in supplied irrigation water, the yield of crops:
a. increases continuously
b. decreases continuously
c. increases upto a certain limit, and then becomes constant
d. increases upto a certain limit, and then decreases

Solution. 21
(d)

Q.22 The crop among the following which is expected to have maximum duty is
a. Wheat
b. Rice
c. Sugarcane
d. Cotton
Not Attempt Correct Ans. a

Solution. 22
(a)
Q.23 The vertical component of which of the following forces is responsible for upward
movement of sediments?
a. buoyant force
b. tractive force
c. kinematic force
d. eddy force

Solution. 23
(d)
Q.24 Alkali soils are reclaimed by
a. leaching only
b. addition of gypsum only
c. both (a) and (b)
d. provision of drainage


Solution. 24
(c)
Q.25 The normal annual rainfall at stations A, B and C situated in meteorologically

homogeneous region are 165 cm, 172 cm and 150 cm respectively. In the year 2016,
station B was inoperative and stations A and C recorded annual precipitations of 155
cm and 145 cm respectively. The annual rainfall at station B in that year could be
estimated to be nearly ____________ cm.

Solution. 25
163.92 (163 - 165)
Q.26 From the past rainfall records at a place, it was observed obtained that a maximum
rainfall depth of 200 mm in 12-h has a return period of 50 years. The probability of a 12-
h rainfall equal to or greater than 200 mm occurring at the same place at least once in
30 years is _____________ %.

Solution. 26
45.5 (45 - 46)

Q.27 In a triangular channel, the top width and depth of flow were 2.0 m and 0.9 m
respectively. Velocity measurements on the centre line at 18 cm and 72 cm below the
free water surface indicated velocities of 0.6 m/s and 0.4 m/s respectively. The
discharge in the channel is ___________ m3/s.

Solution. 27
0.45 (0.44 - 0.46)
Q.28 The probability of occurrence of a flood equal to or greater than 20 years flood exactly
once during the next 20 years is ____________.


Solution. 28
0.377 (0.37 - 0.39)
Q.29 The total volume of runoff due to a storm is 60 × 106 m3. The area of basin is 200 km2.
The rainfall distribution is given as follows:
The W-index from the following data is ____________ cm/hr.

Solution. 29
0.6 (0.59 - 0.61)
Q.30 Lacey’s scour depth for a stream carrying a discharge of 3 cumecs per metre width and
having a silt factor of 1.2 is _____________ m.


Solution. 30
2.64 (2.6 - 2.7)
Q.31 For the gravity dam profile as shown in figure, the total horizontal hydrostatic force
acting on the dam is _______________ kN/m length of dam. [Take γw = 10 kN/m2]

Solution. 31
20880 (20879.99 - 20880.01)

Q.32 A weir on a permeable foundation with downstream sheet pile wall is shown in the
figure below. The exit gradient as per Khosla’s method is 1 : x. The value of x is
_____________. [Correct upto one decimal place]

Solution. 32
3.0 (2.99 - 3.01)

Q.33 If the irrigation efficiency in a 10 ha field is 80%, and the conveyance losses from the
canal outlet is 10%, then the volume of water required at the canal outlet, for supplying
10 cm water depth in the field, will be equal to _____________ m3.
Not Attempt Correct Ans. 13890 (13880 - 13900)

Solution. 33
13890 (13880 - 13900)


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HOME SCORE CARD TIME MANAGEMENT QUESTIONS REPORT SOLUTION

BOOKMARKS Solution Report For Basic : Hydrology & Irrigation

Attempt Incorrect Your Ans. a Correct Ans. d

Attempt Correct Correct Ans. d

file:///C/Users/kapil%20verma/Desktop/GATE%20MADE%20EASY/HYD=RO.html[28/10/2017 7:42:06 AM]

Q.3 Interception losses

a. includes evaporation and transpiration losses

Attempt Incorrect Your Ans. a Correct Ans. b

Attempt Correct Correct Ans. b

file:///C/Users/kapil%20verma/Desktop/GATE%20MADE%20EASY/HYD=RO.html[28/10/2017 7:42:06 AM]

Q.5 Select the correct statement:

a. irrigation helps in adopting mixed cropping.

Not Attempt Correct Ans. d

Q.6 Salinity in irrigation water is measured by:

Attempt Incorrect Your Ans. a Correct Ans. b

file:///C/Users/kapil%20verma/Desktop/GATE%20MADE%20EASY/HYD=RO.html[28/10/2017 7:42:06 AM]

a. weight of the dam

Attempt Correct Correct Ans. c

Q.8 The ‘meander length’ for an alluvial river is:

a. the total channel length along its looped course

Not Attempt Correct Ans. c

file:///C/Users/kapil%20verma/Desktop/GATE%20MADE%20EASY/HYD=RO.html[28/10/2017 7:42:06 AM]

Not Attempt Correct Ans. 113400 (113399.99 - 113400.01)

113400 (113399.99 - 113400.01)

Not Attempt Correct Ans. 52 (51.99 - 52.01)

catchment is ____________ m3/s.

file:///C/Users/kapil%20verma/Desktop/GATE%20MADE%20EASY/HYD=RO.html[28/10/2017 7:42:06 AM]

Not Attempt Correct Ans. 40 (39.99-40.01)

Not Attempt Correct Ans. 44.44 (44 - 45)

44.44 (44 - 45)

Q.13 An irrigation water has following characteristics:

The SAR value of the water is _____________.

Not Attempt Correct Ans. 14.34 (14 - 15)

file:///C/Users/kapil%20verma/Desktop/GATE%20MADE%20EASY/HYD=RO.html[28/10/2017 7:42:06 AM]

14.34 (14 - 15)

Not Attempt Correct Ans. 67.88 (67.5 -68 )

67.88 (67.5 -68 )

Not Attempt Correct Ans. 0.46 (0.45 - 0.48)

0.46 (0.45 - 0.48)

file:///C/Users/kapil%20verma/Desktop/GATE%20MADE%20EASY/HYD=RO.html[28/10/2017 7:42:06 AM]

Not Attempt Correct Ans. 13.5 (13 - 14)

13.5 (13 - 14)

Q.17 Depth-Area-Duration curves of precipitation at a station would normally be

a. concave upwards, with duration increasing outward.

Not Attempt Correct Ans. b

Q.18 Unit hydrograph is generally used for

file:///C/Users/kapil%20verma/Desktop/GATE%20MADE%20EASY/HYD=RO.html[28/10/2017 7:42:06 AM]

1. extending flood flow records by using the available rainfall records.

Not Attempt Correct Ans. d

Q.19 Consider the following statements:

Not Attempt Correct Ans. c

file:///C/Users/kapil%20verma/Desktop/GATE%20MADE%20EASY/HYD=RO.html[28/10/2017 7:42:06 AM]

answer using the codes given below the lists:

Not Attempt Correct Ans. c

Not Attempt Correct Ans. d

file:///C/Users/kapil%20verma/Desktop/GATE%20MADE%20EASY/HYD=RO.html[28/10/2017 7:42:06 AM]

Not Attempt Correct Ans. a

Not Attempt Correct Ans. d

Q.24 Alkali soils are reclaimed by

Not Attempt Correct Ans. c

file:///C/Users/kapil%20verma/Desktop/GATE%20MADE%20EASY/HYD=RO.html[28/10/2017 7:42:06 AM]