CONTENTS

Page #
List of Tables ................................................................ i
List of Figures .............................................................. v
List of Abbreviations ................................................... ix
Acknowledgement ....................................................... x
Abstract ....................................................................... xi

CHAPTER 1 Introduction ....................................................... 1

CHAPTER 2 Review Of Literature ......................................... 18
Chapter 3 Experimental ...................................................... 64
3.1 Materials required .............................................................................64
3.1.1 Textile dyestuffs.....................................................................64
3.1.2 Chemicals ...............................................................................65
3.1.3 Facilities used ........................................................................66
3.1.4 Microbial strains and their maintenance ...............................66
3.2 Inoculum preparation .........................................................................67
3.3 Basal nutrient media ..........................................................................68
3.3.1 Medium I ................................................................................68
3.3.2 Medium II ..............................................................................68
3.3.3 Medium III .............................................................................69
3.3.4 Medium IV .............................................................................69
3.4 Decolorization protocol ....................................................................69
3.4.1 Dyestuff analysis/determination of percent decolorization ..
3.4.2 Screening of WRF cultures on different dyestuffs ................69
3.5 Screening on reactive dyes.................................................................69
3.5.1 Selection of basal nutrient medium........................................70
3.5.2 Initial medium pH ..................................................................71
3.5.3 Effect of incubation temperature ..........................................71
3.5.4 Addition of carbon sources ....................................................71
3.5.5 Effect of varying concentration of glucose ............................72
3.5.6 Effect of additional nitrogen sources .....................................73
3.5.7 Effect of varying concentration of CSL .................................74
3.5.8 Effect of low molecular mass mediators ................................74
3.5.9 Effect of metal ions ................................................................75
3.5.10 Effect of different dye concentration .....................................75
3.5.11 Dye absorption on fungal mycelia .........................................76
3.6 Disperse dyes .....................................................................................76
3.6.1 Declorization protocol ..........................................................76
3.6.2 Dyestuff analysis/determination of percent decoloriz.76 ......
3.6.3 Screening of WRF on disperse dyes ......................................77
3.6.4 Optimization process for decolorization of Foron Turquise SBLN
200 by Ganoderma lucidum ..................................................77
 3.6.5 Effect of media composition
3.6.6 Effect of additional carbon sources........................................78
3.6.7 Effect of varying concentrations of wheat bran .....................78
3.6.8 Effect of addition of different nitrogen sources .....................79
3.6.9 Effect of varying concentration of MGM 60% ......................79
3.6.10 Effect of low molecular mass mediators ................................80
3.6.11 Effect of different metal ions .................................................80
3.6.12 Effect of varying concentration of dye ..................................81
3.6.13 Study of dye adsorption on fungal mycelia ..........................81
3.7 Direct dyes .........................................................................................82
3.7.1 Declorization protocol ...........................................................82
3.8 Dyestuff analysis/determination of percent decolorization ..............82
3.8.1 Screening of WRF on direct dyes ..........................................83
3.9 Optimization of process for declorization of solar golden
yellow R .............................................................................................83
3.9.1 Selection of basal salt medium ..............................................83
3.9.2 Addition of carbon source......................................................84
3.9.3 Effect of varying concentration of wheat bran ......................84
3.9.4 Effect of nitrogen sources ......................................................84
3.9.5 Effect of varying concentrations of nitrogen source87 ..........85
3.9.6 Effect of low molecular mass mediators ................................85
3.9.7 Effect of metal ions ................................................................86
3.9.8 Effect of different dye concentration .....................................86
3.9.9 Effect of different dye adsorption
3.10 Vat dyes .............................................................................................87
3.10.1 Declorization protocol ..........................................................87
3.10.2 Dyestuff analysis/determination of percent 88
declorization ..........................................................................88
3.10.3 Development of method for Vat dyes solution
preparation ............................................................................88
3.10.4 Screening for selection of best fungus and dye
combination ...........................................................................88
3.11 Optimization for decolorization of Cibaron blue GFJ-MD
by Coriolus versicolor .......................................................................89
3.11.1 Media optimization ................................................................89
3.11.2 Addition of carbon source......................................................89
3.11.3 Effect of varying concentrations of glycerol ........................90
3.11.4 Addition of nitrogen source ...................................................90
3.11.5 Effect of mediators ................................................................90
3.11.6 Effect of metal ions ................................................................90
3.11.7 Effect of different dye concentration .....................................91
3.11.8 Dye adsorption on fungal mycelia ........................................92
3.11.9 Enzyme activity assays .........................................................92
3.12 Statistical analysis .............................................................................93
CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ............................... 94
4.1 Decolorization of reactive dyes .........................................................94
 4.1.1 Screening of white rot fungi on reactive dyes .......................94
4.1.2 Optimization of ramzole brilliant yellow 3-GL
decolorization by Coriolus versicolor ..................................98
4.2 Decolorization of disperse dyes .........................................................136
4.2.1 Screening of white rot fungi on disperse dyes .......................137
4.2.2 Optimization of Foron turquoise SBLN-200
decolorization by G. lucidum .................................................166
4.3 Decolorization of direct dyes .............................................................167
4.3.1 Screening of white rot fungi on direct dyes ...........................169
4.3.2 Optimization of solar golden yellow R decolorization
by Pleurotus ostreatus ..........................................................169
4.4 Decolorization of vat dyes……………………………………….198
4.4.1 Screening of white rot fungi on vat dyes
decolorization .........................................................................198
4.4.2 Process optimization ..............................................................198
Conclusion ........................................................ 225
Recommendations .............................................. 226
Literature Cited ................................................. 227
Appendices ........................................................ 262
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