180 Analisi Matematica 1

FORMULE DI TRIGONOMETRIA

Relazioni tra funzioni goniometriche

(sin x)2 + (cos x)2 = 1

(tan x)2 1
(sin x)2 = (cos x)2 =
1 + (tan x)2 1 + (tan x)2

sin( π2 − x) = sin( π2 + x) = cos x cos( π2 − x) = − cos( π2 + x) = sin x

sin(π − x) = − sin(π + x) = sin x cos(π − x) = cos(π + x) = − cos x

Formule di addizione e sottrazione

sin(α + β) = sin α cos β + cos α sin β sin(α − β) = sin α cos β − cos α sin β

cos(α + β) = cos α cos β − sin α sin β cos(α − β) = cos α cos β + sin α sin β

tan α + tan β tan α − tan β

tan(α + β) = tan(α − β) =
1 − tan α tan β 1 + tan α tan β

Formule di duplicazione e bisezione

sin(2x) = 2 sin x cos x cos(2x) = (cos x)2 − (sin x)2
! " # ! " #
x 1 − cos x x 1 + cos x
sin = , x ∈ (0, 2π) cos = , x ∈ (−π, π)
2 2 2 2
! " #
x 1 − cos x 1 − cos x sin x
tan = = = , x ∈ (0, π)
2 1 + cos x sin x 1 + cos x

x
Formule parametriche (t = tan( ))
2
2t 1 − t2 2t
sin x = cos x = tan x =
1 + t2 1 + t2 1 − t2

Formule di prostaferesi
α+β α−β α+β α−β
sin α + sin β = 2 sin( ) cos( ) sin α − sin β = 2 cos( ) sin( )
2 2 2 2
α+β α−β α+β α−β
cos α + cos β = 2 cos( ) cos( ) cos α − cos β = −2 sin( ) sin( )
2 2 2 2
sin(α ± β)
tan α ± tan β =
cos α cos β
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LIMITI NOTEVOLI

sin x 1 − cos x 1
lim =1 lim 2
=
x→0 x x→0 x 2
ex − 1 log(1 + x)
lim =1 lim =1
x→0 x x→0 x
! "x
1 loga (1 + x) 1
lim 1+ =e lim = , a > 0, a #= 1
x→±∞ x x→0 x log a

ax − 1 (1 + x)α − 1
lim = log a, a>0 lim = α, α ∈ R.
x→0 x x→0 x

DERIVATE

d d 1
sin x = cos x arcsin x = √
dx dx 1 − x2
d d 1
cos x = − sin x arccos x = − √
dx dx 1 − x2
d 1 d 1
tan x = 1 + (tan x)2 = arctan x =
dx (cos x)2 dx 1 + x2
$ %
d α d g(x) $
x = αxα−1 f (x)g(x) = f (x)g(x) g $ (x) log f (x) + f (x)
dx dx f (x)

d x d x
e = ex a = ax log a
dx dx
d 1 d 1
log x = loga x =
dx x dx x log a

d d
sinh x = cosh x cosh x = sinh x
dx dx
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SVILUPPI DI TAYLOR

1 2 1 3 1 4 1
ex = 1 + x + x + x + x + · · · + xn + o (xn )
2! 3! 4! n!
1 2 1 3 1 4 1 n
log (1 + x) = x − x + x − x + · · · ± x + o (xn )
2 3 4 n
1 3 1 5 1 7 1 & '
sin x = x − x + x − x + · · · ± x2n−1 + o x2n
3! 5! 7! (2n − 1)!
1 1 1 1 2n & '
cos x = 1 − x2 + x4 − x6 + · · · ± x + o x2n+1
2! 4! 6! (2n)!
1 & '
tan x = x + x3 + o x4
3
1 & '
arctan x = x − x3 + o x4
3
√ 1 1 1 & '
1 + x = 1 + x − x2 + x3 + o x3
2 8 16