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Applied Auditing by Cabrera PDF
Applied Auditing by Cabrera PDF
COMPREHENSIVE AUDIT OF
23 BALANCE SHEET AND INCOME
STATEMENT ACCOUNTS
Cost P 5,000
Less: AD (20%) 1,000
NBV P 4,000
Proceeds 2,000
Loss P 2,000
23-2.
Part I Adjusting Journal Entries, 12-31-14
(b) NONE xx
xx
(c) Retained Earnings xx
Allowance for depreciation xx
(e) Machinery xx
Retained earnings xx
(f) Depreciation xx
Allowance for depreciation xx
Requirement (1)
Requirement (2)
Sunshine Cosmetics, Inc.
Income Statement
For the Year Ended December 31, 2015
Other income:
Interest revenue P 2,780 (i)
Dividend revenue 14,300
Gain on sale of assets 37,000 54,080
Total income P619,730
Operating expenses:
Selling expenses:
Sales salaries and
commissions P 70,216 (e)
Advertising expense 33,392 (f)
Depreciation expense –
Sales/delivery equipment 13,500 (g)
Freight expense 8,400
Travel expense – sales
representatives 9,120
Miscellaneous selling
expenses 4,400 P139,028
General and administrative
expenses:
Legal services P 4,450
Insurance and licenses 17,000
Depreciation expense –
office equipment 9,600
Utilities 12,800
Telephone and postage 2,950
Supplies expense 1,160 (k)
Officers’ salaries 73,200
Doubtful accounts expense 14,920 (h) 136,080
Total operating expenses (275,108)
Other expense and losses:
Interest expense P 9,040
Loss on sale of equipment 45,200 (54,240)
Income from continuing
operations before income taxes P290,382
Income taxes 92,922 (j)
Income from continuing
operations P197,460
Discontinued operations:
Gain from discontinued
operations (net of income
taxes of P25,600) 54,400
Net income P251,860
Comprehensive Audit Cases and Problems 23-9
Earnings per ordinary share:
Income from continuing operations (P197,460 78,000 shares) P2.53
Gain from discontinued operations (P54,400 78,000 shares) 0.70
Net income (P251,860 78,000 shares) P3.23
Computations:
Working papers are not required, but they facilitate the preparation of a corrected
balance sheet.
Del Bakery
Working Papers for Corrected Balance Sheet
December 31, 2016
Del Bakery
Corrected Balance Sheet
December 31, 2016
Assets
Current assets:
Cash ........................................................................ P10,600
Investment securities – trading (reported at
market; cost P4,250) ......................................... 2,575
Trade accounts receivable (fully collectible) .......... 12,500
Inventory................................................................. 8,040
Supplies inventory .................................................. 425 P 34,140
Comprehensive Audit Cases and Problems 23-11
Investments:
Cash surrender value of life insurance .................... 4,100
Land, buildings and equipment:
Land ........................................................................ P30,000
Buildings.................................................. P62,000
Less accumulated depreciation .......... 7,750 54,250
Fixtures .................................................... P12,500
Less accumulated depreciation .......... 2,100 10,400
Delivery truck ......................................................... 2,100 96,750
Total assets ................................................................... P134,990
Liabilities
Current liabilities:
Mortgage payable, portion due this year ................ P 4,000
Accounts payable .................................................... 29,000
Interest payable ....................................................... 880
Miscellaneous accrued liabilities ............................ 3,950 P 37,830
11% Mortgage payable (noncurrent portion) ............... 12,000
Total liabilities.............................................................. P 49,830
Owners’ Equity
Contributed capital:
Share capital, P5 stated value,
5,000 shares ....................................... P25,000
Paid-in capital from sale of
ordinary shares at more than
stated value ........................................ 30,000 P55,000
Retained earnings ......................................................... 30,160
Total owners’ equity..................................................... 85,160
Total liabilities and owners’ equity .............................. P134,990
MASIPAG CORPORATION
Balance Sheet
December 31, 2016
Assets
Current assets
Cash P 734,000
Marketable securities P 400,000
Valuation allowance 145,600 545,600
Accounts receivable P 442,000
Allowance for doubtful accounts (33,150) 408,850
Notes receivable P 600,000
Discount on notes receivable (50,000) 550,000
Accounts receivable – others 96,333
Inventory, December 31, 2007 1,960,500
Prepaid expenses 175,250
Total current assets P4,470,533
Investments
Long-term bond investment 744,077
Property, plant and equipment
Land P1,062,500
Building P3,612,500
Accumulated depreciation – Building (121,922) 3,490,578
Comprehensive Audit Cases and Problems 23-15
Equipment P1,654,000
Accumulated depreciation – Equipment (235,400) 1,418,600
Total property, plant and equipment 5,971,678
Other assets 110,000
Total assets P11,296,288
Current liabilities
Accounts payable P 877,000
Bank loan payable 1,100,000
Accrued expenses payable 59,000
Other current liabilities 100,000
Income taxes payable 130,558
Estimated liability on warranties 70,000
Total current liabilities P 2,336,558
Shareholders’ equity
Ordinary shares P5,000,000
Additional paid-in capital 1,655,250
Retained Earnings 2,304,480
Total shareholders’ equity 8,959,730
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity P11,296,288
MASIPAG CORPORATION
Income Statement
For the Year Ended December 31, 2016
Sales P 6,437,000
Cost of sales (4,060,000)
Gross profit P 2,377,000
Other income 225,710
Operating expenses (1,511,509)
Other expenses (37,500)
Income before taxes P 1,053,701
Provision for income tax (342,441)
Net Income P 711,260
FELICITY COMPANY
Balance Sheet
December 31, 2016
Assets
Current Assets:
Cash............................................................................................ P 123,600
Accounts receivable ................................................................... 1,751,820
Allowance for doubtful accounts ............................................... (27,000)
Accounts receivable -others ....................................................... 62,000
Inventories .................................................................................. 262,000
Prepaid interest ........................................................................... 3,000
Non-current Assets:
Advances to affiliate .................................................................. 48,000
Investments in SMC shares – available for sale ......................... 72,000
Allowance for decline in value of non-current investment ........ (20,000)
Property and equipment ............................................................. 2,600,000
Accumulated depreciation .......................................................... (1,172,000)
Total Assets P 3,703,420
FELICITY COMPANY
Income Statement
For the Year Ended December 31, 2016
Note: The company has accounted for revenue and costs for long-term
construction contracts by the percentage-of-completion method in 2018, whereas
in prior years revenues and costs were determined by the completed-contract
method. The new method of accounting for long-term contracts was adopted to
(state justification for change in accounting principle) and financial statements of
prior years have been restated to apply the new method retroactively. The effect
Comprehensive Audit Cases and Problems 23-19
of the accounting change on income of 2018 and on income as previously reported
in 2016 and 2017 is as follows:
Increase
2018 2017 2016
c
Net income P112,000 P47,600 P42,000
Earnings per ordinary share P11.20 P4.76 P4.20
The balances of retained earnings for 2008 and 2009 have been adjusted for the
after-tax effect of applying the new method of accounting retroactively.
a
P49,000 – P7,000
b
(P49,000 + P117,600) – (P7,000 + P70,000)
c
P280,000 – [(P600,000 – P280,000 – P80,000) x (1 – 0.30)]
Requirement (1)
2016
Jan. 1 Construction in Progress 70,000 a
Retained Earnings [P70,000 x (1 – 0.30)] 49,000
Deferred Tax Asset 21,000
a
[(P100,000 + P120,000) + (P125,000 +
P75,000)] – (P100,000 + P250,000)
Requirement (2)
Note: The company has accounted for revenue and costs for long-term
construction contracts by the percentage-of-completion method in 2007, whereas
in prior years revenues and costs were determined by the competed-contract
method. The new method of accounting for long-term contracts was adopted to
(state justification for change in accounting principle) and financial statements of
prior years have been restated to apply the new method retroactively. The effect
of the accounting change on income of 2016 and on income as previously reported
in 2014 and 2015 is as follows:
Increase
2016 2015 2014
h g f
Net income P(49,000) P(35,000) P84,000
Earnings per ordinary share P(0.49) P(0.35) P0.84
The balances of retained earnings and deferred taxes for 2015 and 2016 have been
adjusted for the after-tax effect of applying the new method of accounting
retroactively:
f
(P220,000 – P100,000) x (1 – 0.30)
g
(P200,000 – P250,000) x (1 – 0.30)
h
[P400,000 – (P820,000 – P350,000)] x (1 – 0.30)
Comprehensive Audit Cases and Problems 23-21
Items Restated:
On the 2014 and 2015 income statements, construction revenues and expenses
would be restated to the appropriate amounts for the percentage of completion
method. The construction in progress, deferred income taxes, and retained
earnings on the balance sheets would also be restated.
Requirement (1)
a. Incorrect entries:
Building 60,000
Notes Payable 60,000
Depreciation Expense: Building
(P60,000 30) 2,000
Accumulated Depreciation: Building 2,000
Correct entries:
a
Building 40,981
Discount on Notes Payable 19,019
Notes Payable 60,000
a
P60,000 x 0.683013
b
Depreciation Expense: Building 1,366
c
Interest Expense 4,098
Accumulated Depreciation 1,366
Discount on Notes Payable 4,098
b
P40,981 30
c
Interest computed using effective
interest method: 10% x P40,981
Requirement (2)
a. See Requirement 1.a. of this solution for the incorrect entries that were made
and the correct entries that should have been made.
c. The errors from 2014 and 2015 were counterbalanced by the end of 2015 and
2016; respectively, so they can be ignored.
Requirement (1)
SFAS No. 13 paragraphs 42 and 43 state that “a change in accounting policy
should be applied retroactively unless the amount of any resulting adjustment that
relates to prior periods is not reasonably determinable. Any resulting adjustment
should be reported as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings.
Comparative information should be restated unless it is impracticable to do so.
The financial statements, including the comparative information for prior periods,
are presented as if the new accounting policy had always been in use. Therefore,
comparative information is restated in order to reflect the new accounting policy.
The amount of the adjusting relating to periods prior to those included in the
financial statements is adjusted against the opening balance of retained earnings of
the earliest period presented. Any other information with respect to prior periods,
such as historical summaries of financial data, is also restated.”
PLAY COMPANY
Worksheet to Correct Income Before Income Taxes
Schedule 1:
Computation of Adjusted Depreciation
Schedule 2:
Computation of Effect of Change in Accounting
Principle From Expensing to Capitalizing
Relining Costs on the Year of the Change
Requirement (2)
PLAY COMPANY
Effect Before Income Taxes
of Change in Accounting Principle From
Expensing to Capitalizing Relining Costs
For Year Ended December 31, 2016
Although explanations were not required in answering the question, they are
included below for your interest.
Explanations:
1. The net income would be understated in 2014 because interest income is
understated. The net income would be overstated in 2015 because interest
income is overstated. The errors, however, would counterbalance (wash) so
that the Balance Sheet (Retained Earnings) would be correct at the end of
2015.
Comprehensive Audit Cases and Problems 23-25
2. The depreciation expense in 2014 should be P1,000 for this machine. Since
the machine was bought on July 1, 2014, only one-half of a year should be
taken in 2014 (P8,000/4 X 1/2 = P1,000). The company expensed P8,000
instead of P1,000 so net income is understated by P7,000 in 2015. An
additional P2,000 of depreciation expense should have been taken in 2015. At
the end of 2015, retained earnings would be understated by P5,000 (P7,000 –
P2,000).
3. PAS 38, paragraphs 54 to 57 govern the accounting for research and
development costs. Net income in 2014 is overstated P22,000 (P33,000
research and development costs capitalized less P11,000 amortized). By the
end of 2015, only P11,000 of the research and development costs would
remain as an asset. Therefore, retained earnings would be overstated by
P11,000 (P33,000 research and development costs – P22,000 amortized).
4. The security deposit should be a long-term asset, called refundable deposits.
The P8,000 of last month’s rent is also an asset, called prepaid rent. The net
income of 2014 is understated by P33,000 (P25,000 + P8,000) because these
amounts were expensed. Retained earnings will continue to be understated by
P33,000 until the last year of the lease. The security deposit will then be
refunded, and the last month’s rent should be expensed.
5. P10,000 or one-third of P30,000 should be reported as income each year. In
2014, P30,000 was reported as income when only P10,000 should have been
reported. Because P20,000 too much was reported, the net income of 2014 is
overstated. At the end of 2015, P20,000 should have been reported as income,
so retained earnings is still overstated by P10,000 (P30,000 – P20,000).
6. The ending inventory would be understated since the merchandise was
omitted. Because ending inventory and net income have a direct relationship,
net income in 2014 would be understated. The ending inventory of 2014
becomes the beginning inventory of 2015. If beginning inventory of 2015 is
understated, then net income of 2015 is overstated (inverse relationship). The
omission in inventory over the two-year period will counterbalance, and
retained earnings at the end of 2015 will be correct.
2015 2016
Net income, as reported P29,000 P37,000
Rent received in 2015, earned in 2016 (1,300) 1,300
Wages not accrued, 12/31/14 1,100
Wages not accrued, 12/31/15 (1,500) 1,500
Wages not accrued, 12/31/16 (940)
Inventory of supplies, 12/31/14 (1,300)
Inventory of supplies, 12/31/15 740 (740)
Inventory of supplies, 12/31/16 1,420
Corrected net income P26,740 P39,540