CSE4019 Image Processing

Module1
Dr.G.Malathi
Associate Professor Senior,
Imaging and Computer Vision Research Group Chair
School of Computing Science and Engineering
Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai

1
 Syllabus
Module1: Introduction, Digital Image, its
Representations 6 hours
Image Representation and image processing
Paradigm – Elements of digital image processing
– image model – Sampling and quantization –
relationships between pixels – connectivity,
distance measures between pixels – color
image(overview, various color models) – various
image formats –bmp, jpeg, tiff,pnd, gif, etc

2
 IMAGE ACQUISITION
• Imaging sensor & capability to digitize the
signal collected by the sensor

– Video camera
– Digital camera
– Conventional camera & analog-to-digital converter
• From an image database
• Eg. Vistex Database, Brodatz database,
Wisconsin database

3
 Medical Images
• It uses sound waves and not
radiation
• Hence it is used to evaluate
the development of fetus in
gravid uterus

Courtesy:
https://www.physics.utoronto.ca/~jharlow/teaching/phy138_
0708/lec04/ultrasoundx.htm

Dr. G.Malathi, Associate Professor Senior,

Imaging and Computer Vision Research Group Chair,
7/23/2020 School of Computer Science and Engineering, 4
Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai
 Transducer selection

Vascular Probe – Linear

Low penetration

Abdominal Probe – Convex

High Penetration

Cardiac Probe – Sector

High Penetration
Dr. G.Malathi, Associate Professor Senior,
Imaging and Computer Vision Research Group Chair,
7/23/2020 School of Computer Science and Engineering, 5
Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai
 Ultrasound

Courtesy: https://www.scienceabc.com/innovation/how-ultrasound-scanning-sonography-3d-sonogram-work-
pregnancy-due-date.html

Dr. G.Malathi, Associate Professor Senior,

Imaging and Computer Vision Research Group Chair,
7/23/2020 School of Computer Science and Engineering, 6
Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai
 Ultrasound Images
• Machine calculates the distance from the
probe to the boundary of tissue or organ
and the return time of each echo

Dr. G.Malathi, Associate Professor Senior,

Imaging and Computer Vision Research Group Chair,
7/23/2020 School of Computer Science and Engineering, 7
Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai
 Ultrasound Images
• Finally the system forms a two-dimensional
image by displaying the distance and intensity
of the echo on the screen

Courtesty: https://www.eimedical.com/blog/bid/76503/ultrasound-basics-how-to-read-an-
ultrasound-image

Dr. G.Malathi, Associate Professor Senior,

Imaging and Computer Vision Research Group Chair,
7/23/2020 School of Computer Science and Engineering, 8
Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai
 Reading an ultrasound image
Courtesty: https://www.eimedical.com/blog/bid/76503/ultrasound-
basics-how-to-read-an-ultrasound-image

Dr. G.Malathi, Associate Professor Senior,

Imaging and Computer Vision Research Group Chair,
7/23/2020 School of Computer Science and Engineering, 9
Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai
 Quality - Ultrasound Images
• Higher the frequency – less penetration -
produces good quality image
• Lower the frequency – more penetration -
produces low quality image

Dr. G.Malathi, Associate Professor Senior,

Imaging and Computer Vision Research Group Chair,
7/23/2020 School of Computer Science and Engineering, 10
Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai