Presented by:

RISHAB GUPTA
 Born: 19th November 1917
Birthplace: Allahabad, India

PROFESSIONAL LIFE
FAMILY LIFE

She became involved in the

Father: Jawaharlal Indian Independence
She studied history at movement. In 1950s
Nehru She married Feroze Somerville College,
Mother: Gandhi (1942-60) University of Oxford in
Kamala Nehru
England Minister of Information and
Broadcasting. (1964)

Prime Minister in 1966-1977

Rajiv Gandhi
Her son
Her son Sanjay
Sanjay and 1980-1984
(1944-1991) succeeded Gandhi (1946-1980)
Gandhi (1946-1980)
her as India's prime before he was killed She established major reforms,
minister in 1984. Rajiv in an airplane including a strict population-
was killed by a bomb in The Green control program.
1991 Revolution
A national nuclear program
was started by Gandhi in
1967,
On 31 October 1984, two of Gandhi's Sikh
The Indira Awaas Yojana, a programme
bodyguards, Satwant Singh and Beant Singh, Special agricultural
of the central government to provide low-
assassinated her with their service weapons in the cost housing to rural poor, is named innovation programs
garden of the Prime Minister's residence. after her.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
 Indira Gandhi, also known as Indira Priyadarshini
Gandhi, née Indira Nehru.

 Born on November 19, 1917, Allahabad, India.

 Politician who served as prime minister of India for

three consecutive terms (1966–77) and a fourth
term from 1980.

 She had two children, Sanjay and Rajiv.

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CONTD.
 Only Indian Prime Minister to have been imprisoned.

 Joined the Indian National Congress Partyin 1938.

 Improved relations with other countries.

 Promoted science and technology.

 First satellite into space in 1971.

 Led India to become one of the fastest growing

economies.
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ROAD TO POWER AND POLITICS
 Started from 12 – Leader of Monkey Brigade (help
end British control in India).

 1941, became involved in the Indian Independence

movement.

 1950s, served her father unofficially as a personal

assistant during his time as first PM of India.

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ROAD TO POWER AND POLITICS
 After father's death in 1964, was appointed as a
member of the Rajya Sabha (upper house).

 became a member of Lal Bahadur Shastri's cabinet as

Minister of Information and Broadcasting.

 After Shastri’s death, Indira Gandhi was elected to be

PM due to the conception that she could be easily
manipulated.

 However, she kept on to her title by extraordinary

political skills.
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PRIME MINISTER ERA
 Supported Communism and socialism

 Pakistan war
India victorious under Indira Gandhi’s command;
Freedom of East Pakistan

 Green Revolution
1) Intense Agricultural District Program (IADP) which sought to
increase crop yield and production
2) Food exporter for political support

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PRIME MINISTER ERA
 Eradicate poverty
1) vigorous policy in 1969 of land reform
2) placed a ceiling on personal income, private property, and corporate
profits
2) Campaign theme for 2nd term

 Nationalized the major banks

1) provide the better banking infrastructure in rural areas
2) to make cheap finance available to farmers in India

 Nuclear weapons program

Started using nuclear power to establish India's stability and security
interests
To respond to China’s nuclear threat 8
“Smiling Buddha”
FALL FROM POWER
 Election corruptions
 1971 Elections – used government machinery and
officials for election purposes; excessive election
expenditure
 Theme : “Eradicate poverty” is fake and just for political
support – 4% funds for poverty programs

 State of emergency
 Arrest opposition (which formed Janata party later)

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FALL FROM POWER
o Elections
• 1977 elections
 Indira’s INCP opposed by Janata party
 claimed the elections were the last chance for India to choose

between "democracy and dictatorship”

 INCP lost and both Indira and Sanjay Gandhi lost their seats in

the Congress
 Congress party was split

 After election, Indira Gandhi found herself without work,

income or residence
 Quit parliament and was imprisoned

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REGAIN POWER (THIRD TERM)
 Arrest of Indira Gandhi evoked sympathy .
 Once she was released, she started giving
speeches apologizing for her mistake.
 Death of Jayaprakash Narayan broke apart the
Janata party .
 Indira became PM again.

 In 1980 elections, Congress party had a landslide

victory led by Indira Gandhi due to instability in
Janata party.

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FALL FROM POWER YET AGAIN
 Operation blue star

 In July 1982, Sikh group occupied the Golden Temple.

 In June 1984, Indira Gandhi orders attack on Sikh's

holiest site, Golden Temple to remove the Sikh
separatists.

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DEATH
 Assassination by bodyguards.

 Satwant Singh and Beant Singh assassinated her

with their weapons.

 Beant Singh and Satwant Singh dropped their

weapons and surrendered

 Died on her way to hospital.

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QUALITIES
 Highly talented and intellectual
 managed to be enrolled into Oxford University, a top
university in the world

 showed extraordinary political skills when she first became

the president of India

 decreased Country’s poverty line from 65% to 45%

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QUALITIES
 Charismatic
 Did not gain high popularity when she is first appointed the
president, she soon gained

 popularity after her first few rallies and decisions made.

 First woman to be a Prime Minister

 Just with a few speeches after her release from prison

allowed her to regain trust of her supporters, leading to
landslide victory

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QUALITIES
 Determined / daring
 Cured of her periodic disease in her early years though it is
a tough experience

 Some of her decisions in the political field are hard to make

yet she persisted on her own decisions, such as that of the
war with Pakistan in 1971.

 did not give up when she was being removed from her
position and at a time, arrested, she returned to political
field even when there are enemies and protestors around

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QUALITIES
 Tough and Shrewd
 Did not give up easily and solves problems using force

 Even after imprisonment, still wanted to regain status of PM

of India

 Eliminated opponents and narrowed competition (Janata

party)

 Example : call of forces she used against protestors during

the Indian Currency Crisis

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LEADERSHIP STYLE
 Task oriented
 Did everything with an aim
 Cheated in elections to hold on to power
 Used theme: “eradicate poverty” to gain votes

 Killed Sikhs to protect the golden temple

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ANALYSIS OF INDIRA GANDHI AS A GOOD
LEADER
 1) Moral integrity and values.
 2) Autocratic Leadership.

 3) Empathetic and listening to others’ opinions .

 4) Motivating; charismatic and appealing

 5) Transformational; everlasting impacts.

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