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Defined by IEEE 1394-1995 standard as a serial

data transfer protocol and interconnection
system. Also known as iLink (Sony) or Lynx.
Often implemented in consumer electronics
На эту распиновку есть 14
devices, digital video cameras, VCRs, some other
отзыв(а): 10
4 pin, 6 pin or 9 pin multimedia hardware and computers.
положительных и 2
IEEE1394 (FireWire) отрицательных.
plug connector FireWire
(also known Эта распиновка
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as i.Link or с
руб грамм
IEEE 1394) правильная ошибками
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computer /
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electronic
serial bus
interface Подробнее
standard wikipedia
offering
high-speed

communications and isochronous real-time data

services. The IEEE 1394-1995 standard for the
High Performance Serial Bus defines a serial data
transfer protocol. The capabilities of the 1394 bus
are sufficient to support a variety of high-end
digital audio/video applications, such as consumer
audio/video device control and signal routing,
home networking, nonlinear DV editing, and 32-
channel (or more) digital audio mixing.

color
of
4-pin 6-pin 9-pin
Name Description wire
connector connector connector
in
cable

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Unregulated
1 8 Power DC; 30 V no white
load

Ground
return for
2 6 Ground power and black
inner cable
shield

Twisted-pair
B,
1 3 1 TPB- red
differential
signals

Twisted-pair
B,
2 4 2 TPB+ green
differential
signals

Twisted-pair
A,
3 5 3 TPA- orange
differential
signals

Twisted-pair
A,
4 6 4 TPA+ blue
differential
signals

A
5
shield

7 -

B
9
shield

Shell Outer cable shield

In a regular FireWire cable line A always

connected to line B and vice versa (minus to
minus, plus to plus).

FireWire can connect together up to 63

peripherals in an acyclic network structure (as
opposed to SCSIs linear structure). It allows peer-
to-peer device communication, such as
communication between a scanner and a printer,
to take place without using system memory or
the CPU. FireWire also supports multiple hosts per
bus, and through software IP networks can be
formed between FireWire-linked computers. It is

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designed to support plug-and-play and hot
swapping. Its six-wire cable is not only more
convenient than SCSI cables but can supply up to
45 watts of power per port, allowing moderate-
consumption devices to operate without a separate
power cord. (Sony-inspired iLink usually deletes
the power part of the cable/connector system and
only uses a 4-pin connector.)

Firewire standards
FireWire 400 (IEEE 1394-1995, IEEE 1394a-2000)

FireWire 400 can transfer data between devices at

100, 200, or 400 Mbit/s data rates (actually
98.304, 196.608, or 393.216 Mbit/s, but commonly
referred to as S100, S200, and S400). Cable
length is limited to 4.5 metres but up to 16
cables can be daisy-chained yielding a total length
of 72 meters under the specification. The
6-conductor powered connector, now referred to
as an alpha connector, adds power output to
support external devices. Typically a device can
pull about 7 to 8 watts from the port; however,
the voltage varies significantly from different
devices. Voltage is specified as unregulated and
should nominally be about 25 volts (range 24 to
30). Apple's implementation on laptops is typically
related to battery power and can be as low as 9
V.

FireWire 800 (IEEE 1394b-2002)

FireWire 800 was introduced by Apple in 2003,

allows an increase to 786.432 Mbit/s with
backwards compatibility to the slower rates and
6-pin connectors of FireWire 400. However, while
the IEEE 1394a and IEEE 1394b standards are
compatible, FireWire 800's connector, referred to
as a beta connector, is different from FireWire
400's alpha connectors, making legacy cables
incompatible. A bilingual cable allows the
connection of older devices to the newer
port. The full IEEE 1394b specification supports
data rates up to 3200 Mbit/s (i.e.,
400 megabytes/s) over beta-mode or optical
connections up to 100 metres (330 ft) in length.

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Standard Category 5e unshielded twisted
pair supports 100 metres (330 ft) at S100.

FireWire S800T (IEEE 1394c-2006)

Provided a major technical improvement, namely

new port specification that provides 800 Mbit/s
over the same 8P8C (Ethernet) connectors
with Category 5e cable, which is specified in IEEE
802.3 clause 40 (gigabit Ethernet over copper
twisted pair) along with a corresponding automatic
negotiation that allows the same port to connect
to either IEEE Std 1394 or IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet)
devices.Though the potential for a combined
Ethernet and FireWire 8P8C port is intriguing, as
of November 2008, no products or chipsets
include this capability

FireWire S1600 and S3200

The 1394 Trade Association announced that

products would be available before the end of
2008 using the S1600 and S3200 modes that, for
the most part, had already been defined in 1394b
and were further clarified in IEEE Std.
1394-2008. The 1.572864 Gbit/s and
3.145728 Gbit/s devices use the same 9-conductor
beta connectors as the existing FireWire 800 and
are fully compatible with existing S400 and S800
devices. It competes with USB 3.0. S1600
(Symwave) and S3200 (Dap Technology)
development units have been made, however
because of FPGA technology DapTechnology
targeted S1600 implementations first with S3200
not becoming commercially available until 2012.

IEEE - 1394 Features

Real-time data transfer for multimedia applications
Live connection/disconnection without data loss or
interruption (hot-plug)
Automatic configuration supporting plug and play
Freeform network topology allowing mixing
branches and daisy-chains
No separate line terminators required
Guaranteed bandwidth assignments for real-time
applications

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Common connectors for different devices and

applications
IEEE-1394 is based on Apple Computers original
1394 bus, which was intended as a low-cost
replacement for or supplement to the SCSI bus
that is a standard feature of Macintosh and
PowerMac computers.

IEEE-1394 Architecture
The IEEE 1394-1995 standard defines two bus
categories: backplane and cable. The backplane
bus is designed to supplement parallel bus
structures by providing an alternate serial
communication path between devices plugged into
the backplane. The cable bus, is a non-cyclic
network with finite branches, consisting of bus
bridges and nodes (cable devices). Six-bit
Node_IDs allow up to 63 nodes to be connected
to a single bus bridge; 10 bit Bus_IDs
accommodate up to 1,023 bridges in a system.
This means, as an example, that the limit is 63
devices connected to a conventional 1394 adapter
card in a PC.

Each node usually have three connectors, although

the standard provides for 1 to 27 connector per
a devices physical layer or PHY. Up to 16 nodes
can be daisy-chained through the connectors with
standard cables up to 4.5 m in length for a total
standard cable length of 72 m. 1394 truly
qualifies as a plug-and-play bus.

The 1394 cable standard defines three signaling

rates: 98.304, 196.608, and 393.216 Mbps
(megabits per second; MBps in this paper refers
to megabytes per second.) These rates are
rounded to 100, 200, and 400 Mbps, respectively,
in this paper and are referred to in the 1394
standard as S100, S200 and S400. Consumer DV
gear uses S100 speeds, but most 1394 PC
adapter cards support the S200 rate. The
signaling rate for the entire bus ordinarily is
governed by the slowest active node; however, if
a bus master (controller) implements a

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Topology_Map and a Speed_Map for specific node
pairs, the bus can support multiple signaling
speeds between individual pairs.

FireWire cables and connectors

Standard bus interconnections are made with a
6-conductor cable containing two separately-
shielded twisted pair transmission lines for
signaling, two power conductors, and an overall
shield. The two twisted pairs are crossed in each
cable assembly to create a transmit-receive
connection. The power conductors (8 to 40 v, 1.5
a max.) supply power to the physical layer in
isolated devices. Transformer or capacitative
coupling is used to provide galvanic isolation;
transformer coupling provides 500 volts and lower-
cost capacitative coupling offers 60 volts of
ground potential difference isolation. Connectors
are derived from the GameBoy design.

Firewire bus details

Isochronous or asynchronous data transfers are
possible. The isochronous data transport of the
1394 bus provides the guaranteed bandwidth and
latency required for high-speed data transfer over
multiple channels. On bus reset or when an
isochronous node is added to the bus, the node
requests a bandwidth allocation. If adequate
bandwidth is not available, the requesting device
is expected to repeat its request periodically. As
an example of bus allocation, video acquisition for
non-linear digital editing requires only a single
isochronous channel, plus an asynchronous path
for device control.

IEEE 1394 is a standard, platform-independent

solution. Its features represent an evolutionary
improvement over current I/O interfaces and
provide connectivity solutions for many markets.
Legacy I/O bridges attach serial and parallel
interfaces to 1394. ANSI SCSI-3 provides a
migration path for parallel SCSI to move to IEEE
1394. IEEE 1394 can interface with the higher
layers of the new parallel port standard, IEEE
1284. Although IEEE 1284s 4 to 32 Mbps transfer

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rate is lower than that of 1394, 1284 finds
application in printer connectivity since it is
backward compatible with the existing Centronics
parallel port. IEEE 1394 devices of differing
transport rates may be interconnected, allowing
backward compatibility with devices having slower
transport rates. This feature allows 100 Mbps
devices purchased today to operate properly in
future bus configurations involving 200 and 400
Mbps devices.

Последнее обновление 2018-04-13 21:57:00.

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