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PROJECT:
Dead Load (Wc) = (Cd)(W)(Bc)(Bd) [Marston's formula, trench condition, flexible pipe, Equation 9.5, G.S.S.D.C., p. 171]
1 - e^[(-2)(ku')(H)/(Bd)]
Cd = loading coefficient =
(2)(ku')
qa = External Pressure on Pipe = (Yw)(Hw) + (Rw)(Wc)/D + Ws/D [Hydraulic, Soil, and Live Load Pressures]
qa = (1/n)*[(32)(Rw)(B')(E')(EI)(C)/D3](1/2) [ ASTM F1216-07b eqn. X1.3, Fully Deteriorated Gravity Pipe Conditions]
[Sets Marston load equal to buckling strength of constrained, flexible
pipe, using modified Timoshenko, factored for ovality, buoyancy, and
EI = Pipe Wall Stiffness Factor elasticity, and assuming noncompressible pipe bedding (v=0.5)]
= (EL)(t3)/12
I= [(D3)((qa*N))2] / [32*(Rw)(B')(E')(EL)(C)]
t= (0.721) (D) [(qa*N)2 / (Rw)(B')(E')(EL)(C)](1/3)
N= Safety Factor = 2
O= Oval Deformation = 2.000% [O= (Mean Diameter-Min Diameter)/Mean Diameter]
C= Ovality Factor
= [(1-O)/(1+O)2]3 0.836
Rw = Water Buoyance Factor = 0.84
B' = Coefficient of elastic support
= 1/[1+(4)(e^(-.065H))] = 0.511
EL = Long-Term Modulus of Elasticity = 125,000psi [EL - 50% of Short Term Modulus]
E' = Modulus of Soil Reaction (psi) = 1,000 psi E' = 1,000 for soil meeting conditions in table: Soil Class % Compaction
SC1 Dumped
Minimum Wall Thickness (t) = 0.504 inches or 12.8 mm SC2 85%
Recommended Wall Thickness (t) = 0.53 inches or 13.5 mm SC3 90%
SC4 95%
Note: See ASTM 3839-94a.
Check Proposed Thickness for Allowable Deflection of Flexible Pipe
y= [D1)(K)(Wtot)]/[E1/(1.5)(SDR3) + (0.061)(E')]
Check Proposed Thickness for Minimum Thickness Requirement (ASTM 1216 Eqn X1.4 pp6)