Mechanical Engineering: GATE 2019

GATE 2019
Mechanical Engineering
Memory Based
Questions and Solutions
of afternoon session
Date of Exam : 2/2/2019
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GATE 2019
Mechanical Engg. | Session-2
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Q.1 - Q.25 Carry One Mark each.
Q.1 For a spur gear of pitch circle diameter D & no.of teeth T, the circular pitch expression
is given by ____________.
2 πD πD
(a) (b)
T T
T D
(c) (d)
D T
Ans. (b)
P.C.D. = D
Number of teeth = T
πD
Circular pitch, P =
T
Q.2 Endurance limit of beams subjected to pure bending decreases with

(a) Increase in surface roughness & decrease in size of beam
(b) Increase in surface roughness & increase in size of beam
(c) Decrease in surface roughness & increase in size of beam
(d) Decrease in surface roughness & decrease in size of beam
Ans. (b)
Endurance limit of beams subjected to pure bending decreases with increses in surface
roughness, increases stress concentration factor which leads to decrease in endurance
strength. And by increasing size of beam the chances of number of voids and volumetric
defects increases, which also lead to decrease in endurance limit.
Q.3 Balance mass to be placed at radius of 200 mm is _______ kg.

B mb = 20 kg
400 mm
ma = 20 kg
0 200 mm A
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GATE 2019
Ans. (44.721)
B mb = 20 kg
400 mm
rB
20 × 400
B
m
20 × 200
ma = 20 kg
Force polygon
0 200 mm A
Balance mass radius, rB = 200 mm
mB = ?
mB rB = (20 × 200)2 + (20 × 400)2

mB × 200 = 8944.2719
mB = 44.721 kg
Q.4 Consider a linear elastic rectangular thin sheet of metal, subjected to uniform uniaxial
tensile stress of 100 MPa along its length. Assume plane stress condition in the plate
normal to the thickness. E = 200 MPa, μ = 0.3 (Poisson’s ratio). The principal strains
in the plane of the sheet are
(a) (0.35, –0.5) (b) (0.5, –0.15)
(c) (0.5, –0.5) (d) (0.5, 0.0)
Ans. (b)
As per given information, E = 200 MPa = μ = 0.3
y
x
σx = 100 MPa b σx = 100 MPa
z
L
Assume plane stress condition, σz = 0
Given (σy = 0) σx ≠ 0 Uniaxial stress
As no shear stress acting on x + y face so.
σx = σ1 = 100 MPa
σ y = σ1 = 0
σ1 σ 100
ε1 = −μ 2 = −0
E E 200
= 0.5
GATE 2019
σ2 σ ⎛ 100 ⎞
ε1 = − μ 1 = 0 − 0.3 ⎜
E E ⎝ 200 ⎟⎠
= –0.15
Hence, option (b) is correct.
Q.5 A reversible heat pump is operating between T3 and T2. The work input to heat pump
is given by a reversible engine operating between temperature limits T1 and T2. The
reservoir at temperature T2 is being common to both heat pump and engine. The heat
rejected by engine to reservoir at T2 is same as heat absorbed by heat pump.
If T1 > T2 > T3, then the relation between efficiency of engine (η) and COP of heat pump
(COPHP).
T1 T3
Q1 Q3
HE HP
Q2 Q2
T2
(a) COP = 1 + η (b) COP = η–1 – 1
(c) COP = η (d) COP = η–1
Ans. (b)
T1 T3
Q1 Q3
HE HP
Q2 Q2
T2
W Q
η= = 1− 2
Q1 Q1
Q2
⇒
Q1 = 1 – η
Q2 Q2
COP = =
W Q1 − Q2
Q2 / Q1 1− η 1− η
=
COP =
1 − Q2 / Q1 = 1 − (1 − η) η
1− 1
COP =
η
⇒ COP = η−1 − 1
GATE 2019
Q.6 For the given mould cavity having dimensions of (40 cm × 30 cm × 15 cm) filled by
the help of top riser as shown in figure, then the time required for the filling of the mould
_______ sec. [Assume, g = 9.81 m/s2]
1 Patm
Dia = 2 cm
20 cm
Patm
2 15 cm
cm
30
40 cm
Ans. (289.241)
Volume of mould cavity,
V1 = 40 × 30 × 15 cm3
= 18000 cm3
Apply Bernoulli’s equation at point 1 and 2
Patm V12 Patm V22

+ + z1 = + +0
ρg 2g ρg 2g
Assume V1 = 0
V2 = 2gz1
= 2 × 9.81 × 20
= 19.809 cm/sec
Volume
Mould filling time (tf) =
V2 × A2
18000 cm 3
=
π
19.809 cm/sec× (2) 2 cm 2
4
= 289.241 sec
Q.7 For the given otto cycle (air standard) specific heat ratio = 1.4 and R = 0.287 kJ/kg
and inlet conditions are P1 = 100 kPa and T1 = 300 k for the cycle (ηotto = 0.5) and
mean effective pressure is 1000 kPa, then the specific workout for the cycle is
_______ unit.
GATE 2019
P 3
Ans. (0.1522)
As per given data,
ηotto = 0.5
RT1 0.287 × 300

V1 = =
P1 100
= 0.861 m3/kg
1
ηotto = 1 −
(π)r −1
1
0.5 = 1 −
(π)r −1
(π)0.4 = 2
π = 5.64
V1
V2 = 5.65
0.861
V2 =
5.65
V2 = 0.1522 m3/kg
Specific work output = Pmep × VS
= 1000 kPa × (V1 – V2)
= 1000 × (0.861 – 0.1522)
= 708.796 kJ/kg
Q.8 The directional derivative of the function f (x, y) = x2 + y2 along a line directed from (0, 0)
to (1, 1) evaluated at point x = 1, y = 1 is
(a) 4 2 (b) 2
(c) 2 2 (d) 2
GATE 2019
Ans. (c)
Directional derivative of f(x, y) at p (1, 1) along the direction of line joining (0, 0) to
a
(1, 1) = ∇f ·
a
where, a = line joining (0, 0) and (1, 1)
a = (1 – 0)i + (1 – 0)j = i + j
∂f ∂f ∂f
and ∇f = i +j +k
x x ∂z
= 2xi + 2yj
( ∇f )p (1, 1) = 2 i + 2 j
∴ O.D. of f (x, y) at pt (1, 1) in the direction of
a = ∇f ·
a
= ( 2i + 2j ) ·
(i + j )
a 2
2+2
= =2 2
2
Q.9 In matrix equation [A]{x} = {R}

⎡4 8 4 ⎤ ⎡ 2⎤ ⎡ 32⎤
[A] = ⎢ 8 15 −4⎥ , { x} = ⎢1 ⎥ and R = ⎢⎢16 ⎥⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢⎣ 4 −4 15 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 4⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 64⎥⎦
One of the eigen value of Matrix ‘A’ is
(a) 8 (b) –16
(c) 15 (d) 4
Ans. (#)
Given Ax = R, R can be written as ‘16x’
⇒ Ax = 16x
⇒ A = 16
Observation : in second law of matrix ‘A’ elements are not correct and options are nmot
matching.
Q.10 An analytic function f (z) of complex variable z = x + iy may be written as

f (z) = u (x, y) + iv (x, y) and u (x, y), v (x, y) must satisfy.
∂u ∂v ∂u ∂v ∂u ∂v ∂u ∂v
(a) = and = (b) =− and =
∂x ∂y ∂y ∂x ∂x ∂y ∂y ∂x
∂u −∂v ∂u −∂v ∂u ∂v ∂u −∂v

(c) = and = (d) = and =
∂x ∂y ∂y ∂x ∂x ∂y ∂y ∂x
GATE 2019
Ans. (d)
∂u ∂v ∂u −∂v
C – R equation for the f(z) = u + iv to be analytic are = and =
∂x ∂y ∂y ∂x
Q.11 The transformation matrix for mirroring a point in x-y plane about the line y = x is given
by
⎡ 0 1⎤ ⎡ 0 −1⎤
(a) ⎢ 1 0 ⎥ (b) ⎢ −1 0 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
⎡ −1 0 ⎤ ⎡1 0 ⎤
(c) ⎢ 0 1⎥ (d) ⎢0 −1⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
Ans. (a)
The transformation matrix for mirroring a point in x-y plane about the line y = x is
⎡ 0 1⎤
⎢1 0⎥
⎣ ⎦
Option (a) is correct.
dy
Q.12 The differential equation + 4y = 5 is valid in the domain 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 with y(0) = 2.25.
dx
The solution of differential equation is
(a) y = +e–4x + 1.25 (b) y = e4x + 1.25
(c) y = e–4x + 5 (d) y = e4x + 5
Ans. (a)
i ± is L.D. equation
P(x) = 4, Q(x) = 5
I.F = e ∫ = e∫
P ( x )dx udx
= e 4x
∫ 5e
4x
ye 4x = dx + c
5 4x
e +c
ye 4x =
4
5 −4 x
y = + ce
4
Substitute given intial condition
x = 0, y = 2.25
We get c=1
5
y= + e −4 x
4
GATE 2019
Q.26 - Q.55 Car

Carrr y Two Mark each.
Two
Q.26 Annual demand of values per year is 10,000 units; the current order quantity is 400 values
per order. The holding cost is ` 24 per value per year & the ordering cost is ` 400 per
order. If the current order quantity is changed to EOQ then saving in the total cost of
inventory per year will be ___________ `.
Ans. (943.593)
As per given data
Annual demand, D = 10000 unit
Q = 400/order
Holding cost (Ch) = 24 `/unit/year
Ordering cost (Co) = 400 `/order
D Q
TIC = × Co + × Ch
Q 2
10000 400
= × 400 + × 24
400 2
= 14800 `/year
If order quantity changed to EOQ.
TIC** = 2DC oC h
= 2 × 10000 × 400 × 24
= 13856.406 `/year
hence total cost saving per year
= TIC – TIC**
= 14800 – 13856.406 `/year
= 943.593 `/year
Q.27 A short brake is shown in the figure diameter = 500 mm (Brake drum). If a = 1000 mm,
b = 500 mm, c = 200 mm, μ = 0.35, F = 100 N. If drum is rotating anti clockwise.
Find the braking torque (Nm) _____________.
F
b
GATE 2019
Ans. (15.35)
Free body diagram
F N
b = 500 mm
μN
μN c = 200 mm
a = 1000 mm
By considering the moment about point ‘O’

F × a = N × b + μN × c
100 × 1000 = N × 500 + 0.35 N × 200
N = 175.438 Newton
D
Breaking torque = μN ×
2
500
= 0.35 × 175.430 × × 10 −3
2
Breaking torque = 15.35 Nm
Q.28 Length of crank = r. Using exact analysis, the acceleration of slider in y direction at
instant shown, when crank is parallel to x axis, is given by
ω
1
c.c.w
2 1
y
(a) –ω2 r (b) 2ω2 r

(c) –2ω2 r (d) ω2 r
Ans. (d)
ω
r A 1
O
45°
2 1
45°
GATE 2019
a
b
rw
VB = VA = rw
O
VBA = 0
⇒ ωBA = 0
Acceleration of BA = 0
b′
r
(a BA = 0, VBA = 0)
t
BA
a
aB
45°
a′ O′
2
rω
aB
tan 45° =
r ω2
⇒ aB = r ω 2
Q.29 For the cantilever beam loaded as shown in figure find the value of maximum deflection.
Given: young’s modulus = E, Moment of inertia = I
qL4 qL4
(a) (b)
10E I 60E I
qL4 qL4
(c) (d)
15E I 30E I
GATE 2019
Q.30 A horizontal cantilever of circular cross section L = 1 m, EI = 200 Nm2 is subjected

to an applied moment MA = 10 Nm at free end. The vertical deflection of free end is
MA
1m
Q.31 A slender uniform rigid bar of mass ‘m’ is hinged at ‘O’ & supported by two springs
with stiffness 3k & k. and a damper with damping coefficient C as shown in figure for
C
the system to be critically damped the ratio of =?
km
3k C k
L/2
O
L/4
L
(a) 4 7 (b) 2 7
(c) 2 (d) 4
Ans. (a)
3k C k
L/2
L/4
L/4 θ
2
ml 2 ⎛l⎞ ml 2 ml 2 7ml 2
I= + m⎜ ⎟ = + =
12 ⎝ 4⎠ 12 16 48
Taking total torque about hinge ‘O ’ is
2 2 2
⎛ 3l ⎞ ⎛l⎞ ⎛l⎞
k⎜ θ ·3k ⎜ ⎟ θ ·c ⎜ ⎟ θ = 0
⎝ 4 ⎟⎠ ⎝ 4⎠ ⎝ 4⎠
2
⎛ l2 ⎞ ⎡ 9l 2 l2 ⎤
I θ + c ⎜ ⎟ θ + ⎢k + 3k ⎥ θ = 0
⎝ 4⎠ ⎣ 16 16 ⎦
7ml 2 cl 2 12kl 2
θ+ θ+ θ=0
48 16 16
GATE 2019
7ml 2
3
( ) (
θ + cl 2 θ + 12kl 2 θ = 0 )
⎛ 3c ⎞ ⎛ 36k ⎞ ⎡ 36k k ⎤
θ + ⎜ θ+⎜ θ=0 ⎢ωn = =6 ⎥
⎝ 7m ⎟⎠ ⎝ 7m ⎟⎠ ⎣ 7m 7m ⎦
3c
2zωn =
7m
3c
⇒ 2ωn =
7m
k 3c
⇒ 2×6
=
7m 7m
For critical damping z = 1
3c
⇒ 12 =
km 7
c
⇒ = 4 7
km
Q.32 Given a vector u =

1
3
( )
−y 3 i + x 3 j + z 3 k and n̂ as the normal unit vector of the surface
2 2 2
(
of the hemisphere x + y + z = 1; z = 0 the value of integral) ∫ (v × u ) ·nds
ˆ evaluated
on the curved surface of the hemisphere is
π π
(a) (b)
2 3
−π
(c) π (d)
2
Ans. (#)
#
Q.33 The derivative of f (x) = cos x can be estimated using the approximation
f ( x + h) − f ( x − h) .
f ′( x) =
2h
⎛ Exact value – Approx value ⎞

The % of error is calculated as ⎜⎝ × 100⎟ . The percentage
Exact value ⎠
π
error in the derivative of f (x) at x = choosing h = 0.1 radian is
6
(a) > 5% (b) > 0.1% and <1%
(c) < 0.1% (d) > 1% and <5%
GATE 2019
Ans. (b)
f ′ (x) = – sin x
⎛ π⎞ 1
f′⎜ ⎟ = − Exact value
⎝ 6⎠ 2
Approximate value
cos(x + 0.1) – cos (x – 0.1) − sin x ·sin(0.1)
f ′ (x) = =
2(0.1) 2(0.1)
⎛ π⎞
f ′ ⎜ ⎟ = –0.49916
⎝ 6⎠
Error = Exact value – Approximate value
= –0.5 + 0.49916 = –0.00084
−0.00084
∴ %Error = × 100 = 0.168
0.5
∴ The value m > 0.1 and <1
Q.34 A differential equation is given as

d 2y
dy
x2 − 2x
+ 2y = 4
dx dx 2
The solution of differential equation in terms of arbitrary constant C1 and C2

2 C
(a) y = C1x + C2 x + 4 (b) y = + C2 x + 4
x2
C1
(c) y = + C2 x + 2 (d) y = C1x 2 + C2 x + 2
x2
Q.35 The probability that a part manufactured by a company will be defective is 0.05. If 15
such parts are selected and inspected, then the probability that at least two part will
be deflective is ________.
Q.36 If the TIG welding process under following given conditions

Voltage = 200 V
Current = 1000 A
Melting efficiency = 0.7
Then the heat required for per unit length __________ kJ/mm.
GATE 2019
Q.37 In a double pipe parallel flow heat exchanger, hot fluid and cold fluid enters at 100°C
and 15°C respectively. The heat capacities for hot fluid and cold fluids are 2000 kJ/kgk
and 1200 kJ/kgk respectively. If the cold fluid leaves at 45°C, then find the LMTD.
Q.38 If the cross-section area is varrying linearly and no internal heat generation takes place,
then the temperature will vary? [Assuming one-dimensional heat conduction]
(a) Linearly (b) Exponentially
(c) Parabolically (d) Logarithmic
Q.39 A wire of diameter 1 mm is bent in shape of arc having radius 1 m. E = 100 GPa. Then
find the value of max tensile bending stress (in MPa).
Q.40 A disc of mass m is mounted on a massless shaft. The angular velocity of the disc
ω
is ω and angular velocity of precession is ω p = in anticlockwise as seen top. If RA
10
and RB are vertical reaction then find the ratio of largest value of reaction to smallest
value of reaction assuming ω2r = 300 and length of the rod is 1.5r where r is radius
of the disc.
ω
A B
RA RB
GENERAL APTITUDE
Q.1 If IMHO = JNIP, IDK = JEL and SO = TP then IDC = _________.
(a) JDE (b) JDC
(c) JCD (d) JED
Q.2 Once the team of analyst identify the problem we ________ in a better position to
comment on the issue.
(a) might be (b) were to be
(c) are going to be (d) will be
GATE 2019
Q.3 The product of three integers X, Y and Z is 192, Z equal to 4 and P is equal to average
of X and Y. What is the minimum possible value of P?
(a) 7 (b) 6
(c) 9, 5 (d) 8
Q.4 A final examination is the ________ of a series of evaluations that a student has to go
through.
(a) insinuation (b) culmination
(c) despersion (d) consultation
Q.5 Are there enough seats here? There are _________ people here than I expected.
(a) least (b) many
(c) most (d) more
Q.7 Two pipes P and Q can fill a tank in 6 hours and 9 hours respectively, while a third pipe
R can empty the tank in 12 hours. Initially P and R are open for 4 hours. Then P is closed
and Q is opened. After 6 more hours R is closed. The total time taken to fill the tank
(in hours) is
(a) 16.50 (b) 14.50
(c) 13.50 (d) 15.50
Q.8 Mola is a digital platform for taxis in a city. It offers three type of rides, Pool, Mini and
Prime. The table below present the number of rides for the past four months. The platform
earns one us dollar per ride. What is the percentage share revenue contributed by prime
to the total revenue of Mola for the entire duration?
Type Month
January February March April
Pool 170 320 215 190
Mini 110 220 180 70
Prime 75 180 120 90
(a) 16.24 (b) 23.97

(c) 25.86 (d) 38.74
Q.9 Fiscal deficit was 40% of the GDP in 2015, and that increased to 5% in 2016. If
the GDP increased by 10% from 2015 to 2016, then % increase in the actual fiscal
deficit is
(a) 37.50 (b) 25.00
(c) 35.70 (d) 10.00
GATE 2019
Ans. (a)
Let GDP in 2015 = 100
GDP in 2016 = 100 + 10 = 110
Deficit in 2015 = 4
Deficit in 2016 = 5% g 110 = 5.5
5.5 − 4 1.5
Percentage increase in deficit = × 100 = × 100 = 37.5
4 4
Q.10 If x is the mean of data 3, x, 2 and 4 then the mode is _______.
Ans. (#)
3+ x+2+4
Mean, x =
4
4x = 9 + x
3x = 9
x=3
3, 3, 2, 4
Mode = 3
Mode = Maximum times replaced.

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GATE 2019

Q.2 Endurance limit of beams subjected to pure bending decreases with

Q.3 Balance mass to be placed at radius of 200 mm is _______ kg.

mB rB = (20 × 200)2 + (20 × 400)2

Patm V12 Patm V22

RT1 0.287 × 300

Q.9 In matrix equation [A]{x} = {R}

Q.10 An analytic function f (z) of complex variable z = x + iy may be written as

∂u −∂v ∂u −∂v ∂u ∂v ∂u −∂v

Q.26 - Q.55 Car

By considering the moment about point ‘O’

(a) –ω2 r (b) 2ω2 r

Q.30 A horizontal cantilever of circular cross section L = 1 m, EI = 200 Nm2 is subjected

Q.32 Given a vector u =

⎛ Exact value – Approx value ⎞

Q.34 A differential equation is given as

The solution of differential equation in terms of arbitrary constant C1 and C2

Q.36 If the TIG welding process under following given conditions

(a) 16.24 (b) 23.97

Q.10 If x is the mean of data 3, x, 2 and 4 then the mode is _______.

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