Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Topics covered;
8
CHAPTER 1 MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
This method relates to the production of organic carboxylic acid esters and in
particular to a process for simultaneously co-producing ethyl acetate and
isopropyl acetate in a reaction mixture comprising a mixed alcohol stream of
ethanol and isopropanol, with acetic acid, in the liquid phase in the presence
of an acidic catalyst.
The process further relates to the subsequent separation of ethyl acetate and
isopropyl acetate from the crude acetate ester mixture, and to the removal of
impurities which may be present there.
9
CHAPTER 1 MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
DISADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGES
Purity is high
Yield is better
Raw material is cheaper
There are no critical criteria to select raw material.
Catalyst used is cheaper.
Lesser number of equipments is used.
Reaction conditions are not severe.
10
CHAPTER 1 MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
Propylene
Propane
i-butene
Vertical
Fixed bed gas/liquid
catalytic separator
reactor
Gases (propylene,
propane, Inerts)
Isopropyl acetate
(99%)
Isopropyl ether
Sec-butyl acetate
Storage
tank
Isopropyl
acetate (99%)
Acetic Acid
Sec-butyl acetate
11
CHAPTER 1 MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
RAW MATERIAL
There are various sources from which we can obtain Propylene gas
but we have to select the one which is most suitable & most
economical to meet our requirements.
SOURCES OF REACTANTS
Propylene
Acetic Acid
Propylene obtained from this source primarily contains propylene (up to 76%)
along with propane & olefins up to C4.
Here the propylene obtained isn't that pure & mainly contains methane,
propane, ethane, isobutane, isobutene & olefins up to C4.
12
CHAPTER 1 MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
PREFERRED SOURCE
The reason of selecting propylene from this source is its high purity &
lesser amount of other hydrocarbon gases which would decrease the
efficiency of our process.
o Softeners
o Reinforcing agents for rubber
o For drying the oils
o Sulphuric acid
o Methyl sulphuric acid
o Dimethyl Sulphate
o Diethyl Sulphate
o Ethyl sulphuric acid
o Diphonix Resin Polymer
Out of the above listed catalysts, we prefer to use the first one i.e.
Diphonix Resin Polymer because of ease of affordable cost, availability
in any purity etc
13
CHAPTER 1 MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
CHEMICAL EQUATION
CONDITIONS:
Temperature 70 —130 oC
Pressure 100 —180 Psi
Yield (on reacted Propylene) 96%
DESCRIPTION
Acetic acid which we are using here has water molecules with it which
will be released to the system by a side reaction and produce acetic acid
anhydride.
The mechanical pressure applied, then, being greater than the vapor
pressure of the mixture.
14
CHAPTER 1 MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
In flash tank the liquid and gas phase get separated from each other.
The gas phase discharged from the top side primarily contains propylene
and inert gases such as methane, propane and CO 2 etc which are
disposed of as WASTE GASES.
The purpose of Storage tank is to control the flow rate for the
distillation column.
15