The Puritan influences on early American literature Difference between “the Puritans” and “the Pilgrims” William Bradford, Ann Bradstreet. The main foundations of the Age of Enlightenment Characteristics of American Enlightenment Major figures of American Enlightenment: Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Thomas Paine. Philip Freneau (his two poems we read in class) General characteristics of Romanticism Characteristics of Transcendentalism Ralph Waldo Emerson Henry David Thoreau The poetry of Walt Whitman The Romance and dark Romanticism: Nathaniel Hawthorne, Herman Melville, Edgar Alan Poe Realism in American fiction: Mark Twain Early Arab-American literature: Kahlil Gibran