Class Exercise: Generator Protection

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 Class Exercise: Generator Protection

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 Class Exercise: Generator Protection

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 Class Exercise: Generator Protection

The 51V pickup current is voltage dependent as follows:

IPU = V • IPU SET for 0.125  V  1 pu

IPU = IPU SET for V > 1 pu

IPU = 0.125 • IPU SET for V < 0.125 pu

where

IPU SET is the pickup current setting (range: 0.5 to 6 A in steps of 0.5)

V is the voltage in per unit of the setting voltage VNOM (range: 60 to 120 V in steps of 5 V)

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 Class Exercise: Generator Protection

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 Class Exercise: Generator Protection

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 Class Exercise: Generator Protection

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 Class Exercise: Generator Protection

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 Class Exercise: Generator Protection

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 Class Exercise: Generator Protection

The 51V element voltage setting can be equal to the VT secondary rated voltage (115 V).

The 51V element pickup current should be set above the generator rated current. We select a
1.4 multiplier in this example.

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 Class Exercise: Generator Protection

Since the generator current and terminal voltage vary during the fault, it is necessary to determine
two time dial values for the 51V element, one using the Xd value, and the other using the Xd′ value.

The highest time dial value should be selected as the time dial setting for the 51V element.

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 Class Exercise: Generator Protection

The 51V element has different pickup current values (and, as a result, different TC curves) for
different generator terminal voltages. The fastest curve corresponds to the lowest pickup current
value. This fastest curve represents the worst case for coordination of the 51V element with the
feeder 51 element. Hence, a conservative approach is to determine the 51V element time dial for its
lowest pickup current value, which corresponds to a voltage not greater than 0.125 pu.

We used a coordinating time interval equal to 0.5 s in this example.

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 Class Exercise: Generator Protection

Repeating the time dial calculation using the Xd′ value, we obtain a higher time dial value that when
using the Xd value.

We select the highest time dial value (5.20) as the 51V element setting.

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 Class Exercise: Generator Protection

The figure shows the TC plot comparing the feeder 51 element curve with the 51V element curves
for three different values of voltage: 0.125, 0.5, and 1 pu. Notice that calculating the 51V time dial
setting for the minimum pickup current guarantees coordination for larger pickup current values. This
setting makes the 51V element slow for low-current faults that do not significantly depress the
generator terminal voltage (high-impedance faults or faults located far from the generator).

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