Balita or kids under 5 years old are kids who has an age over 1 years old and under

5 years old. Balita is

generate call for kids over 1 years old until 3 years old (batita) and pre-school kids(3-5 years old). Kids
around 0-5 years old are kids who always using a diaper as daily.

Arround 30% of Indonesias people are balita and around 75million of balita are not easy to control their
defecate and their urination so, that’s what make them to use a diaper. Research from Wanner and
friends shows that there’s around 45% kids over 1 years old to 3 years old who using a diaper and as a
occasionally around 17% still using a diaper but sometime also using a toilet.

One of the effect from using a diaper is there will exist some rash at the diaper spot. The rash of diaper
will exist around the thigh, stomach and ano genital area. Based on Merill research, it shows that 17%-
43% of diaper users are got treated by hospital. Mean while, the research from Yuduwanshi and Kumari
at India shows that 17,2% kids around 1-2 years old has a rash from the diaper and got reddish and
some shell around the spot, and 3,63% has terrible rash who known with ulserasi and terrible reddish.
Research from aisyah who’s investigate about rash from diaper users at Lamongan shows that 66,7%
kids 0-5 years old who using a diaper has a rash at the spot who got a contact by the diaper as a directly,
the kids are has a rash are related with data that shows 88,24% diaper users are usually using a diaper
(r=0,04;p0,000). The rash is exist because got an irritation by the chemical substance from the diaper
and an infection by a fungi like kandidiasis at the moist spot cause got covered by the diaper when the
kids doing a urination and fekal material.

Beside the skin rash, wearing a diaper especially uncorrectly will got an saluran kemih infection. The kids
who got an ISK found that from the 45% always change their diaper like 4 times per day and mean while
the kids with negative urine culture like 75% change their diaper like 6 times per day (p=0,0001). The
function of the research is to find out the relations from the diaper users frequency with diaper rash and
ISK at kids around 0-5 years old in Palembang.

2.

the method of this research is analysis observational with a design cross-sectional. The research start
from September to October 2018 at Palembang. The population of the research takes all of mothers
who bring a baby and kids 0-5 years old at Palembang. The sample will take by consecutive sampling
technique. The total of respondent who fit with the inklusi characteristic are 100 people.

To collecting the diaper users data is using a questioner and interview method. Questioner was made
based on the current research by Meirina Daulay 2011 and Shanon et al. 1990 “relation between
changing diaper frequency witn an ISK and Diaper : What do Parents choose and why.

The characteristic of this research is mothers who bring a baby and kids 0-5 years old and wearing a
diaper and mothers who want to fill the questioner. Inklusi Characteristic in this research is mothers
who got missed understood about the questioner. The univariat analysis will do to all variable from the
result to explain all of characteristic from the variable. After that, analysis will got to the next step that is
analysis to independent variable and dependent variable who has a relation or correlation. The relation
between all of variable will get analysis with using a Chi Square method.
3. Result

Characteristic respondent sosiodemografi who using a disposable diaper for baby and kids if seen by the
income of the respondent, it make them separate by 4 category, that is low, middle, high and very high.
Based on capita income per month, there are a mothers with capita income per month around 1% ,
mean while the capita income per month is 9%, the high capita income is 45%, mean while the very high
capita income is 45%. Mean while based on qualification, mothers with middle qualification is 4%, The
high qualification is 48%, and the highest qualification is 48% (table 1).

Based on their age, 75% the kids 0-<3 years old and 25% kids >3-5 years old. Mean while based on
gender, 45% man and 55% woman. Based on start using, 93% since the day they born, 5% age >1-2 years
old and 2% for >2-3 years old.

Totally 93%, the mothers choose the diaper cause it simple and efficient, 6% cause has a high dry, 1%
cause low price.

From 100 subject research half of respondent are got an information bout the diaper form their family,
that is 36 people (36%) mean while 6 person (6%) by their friends, TV/magazine etc. 49 person (49%)
and 9 person 9%.

Table number 2 shows that diaper changing frequency of disposable diaper take 72% changing <4 times
per day and 28% changing their diaper like >4 times per day. Totally 78% mothers change the diaper
cause the diaper was feel so heavy, 6% cause the kids always BAK, 15% cause BAB and 1% others. Table
2 shows that change timing for kids, 3% changer fo 2/hour per day and 97% change for 3-4/hour per
day. Based on how to change the diaper for kids, 29% got wipe by a towel or wet tissue, 33% got wash
using a water and 38% got wash by soap.

Accumulation of diaper for kids per month, 25% using <30 pieces per month, 32% using 31-60 pieces per
month, 14% using like 61-90 pieces per month and 29% using < 96 pieces per month. Totally cost for
diaper per mont is 30% who spend <100.000 per month, 39% spend a cost for 100.000-200.000 per
mont, 19% spend cost around 200.001-300.000 per month and 12% more than 300.000.

Between the case of disposable diaper rash shows that 54 kids got a rash by the diaper and 46 kids not
got a diaper rash. Based on kids age, there are 39 person got a diaper rash 36 not at 0-3 years old kids.
For the 3-5 years old kids there are 15 person got a diaper rash and 10 not. Based on gender, there are
32 person got a diaper rash and 23 not for a woman. For the woman there are 22 person got a diaper
rash and 23 not.

Mean while for the ISK indication, there are 2 mengedan BAK and BAK Colour. For the mengedan BAK
there are 14 person got an ISK indication and 86 kids not ISK indication. Based on kids age, there are 11
person got an ISK indication and 64 not at aging scale between 0-3 years old. At aging scale between >3-
5 years old there are 3 person ISK and 22 not. Mean while based on gender, there are 9 person woman
who got an ISK indication and 46 not. For man there are 5 person who got an ISK indication and 40 not.
For the colour changing of BAK there is 1 person who got an ISK indication and 99 not. Based on age
kids, there is 1 person who hit by ISK and 74 not by the aging scale from 0-3 years old. For the >3-5
years old kids there is nothing person who hit by ISK and 25 were not ISK indication. Whereas by the
gender there is 1 person woman who got hit by the ISK and 54 woman are not. For man there is no one
who got hit by the ISK and 45 not ISK indication.
Table 4 shows that 72 kids data who rarely canging their disposable diaper, there are 41 person got a
diaper rash and 31 are not. Whereas, from 28 person who always change their diaper there are 13
person got a diaper rash 15 are not.

Table 2x2 chi square statistic shows that P value in the amount of 0,469 that is there is no meaningfull
relation between the disposable diaper changing frequency and diaper rash. Focus of the OR value is For
Cohort cause the type of the research is cross sectional. So, cohort was the perfectly correct formula. OR
Value is 1,226 that is mean the diaper changing frequency is <=4 more risky like 1,226 to got an diaper
rash if compared by diaper changing >4 times. There is no significant proof that diaper changing
frequency <=4 more risky for the diaper rash compared by >4 times frequency.

For the 72 kids who rarely change their disposable diaper, there are 13 person who got an ISK indication
and 59 are not. Mean while, 28 kids who always change their diaper there is 1 person kids who got hit
by the ISK and 27 are not. Table 2x2 chi square statistic shows that, P value in the amount of 0,120. That
is mean there is no proof for ignoring the zero hypothesis, p<alfa. The Conclusion is there is no
meaningful relation between disposable diaper changing frequency and ISK indication like sakit
mengedan BAK. Focus of the OR Value is For Cohort cause the type of the research is cross sectional.
The correctly formula is cohort. OR Value is 5.5056 that is mean the disposable diaper changing
frequency is <=4 more risky like 5.5056 times for the ISK indication than sakit mengedan the diaper
changing for >4 times. The OR value were doesn’t have any significant proof that is th diaper changing
frequency <=4 more risky for ISK indication than >4 times. There is no meaningful relation between the
disposable diaper changing frequency with the ISK indication that is sakit mengedan.

4. discussion

Based on characteristic sosiodemografi respondent, there are mothers with a highest and high capita
income per month and highest & high qualification who usually using a diaper for their kids. After that,
the reason for mother using a diaper is because it is simple and efficient. The social economy and the
qualification are very important bout the kids using the diaper. Averaging of people or family who has a
high social economy must be using a diaper cause comfortable and the simple thing even though that
the price is pricey than other diaper. The qualification of the people is also give them some stigma bout
using a diaper. Mothers with a high qualification and has a knowledge will get a fast new information
bout the diaper which available on every country.

Based on diaper user characteristic, girls with 0-3 years old at the most diaper users. Kids age is also
important for the mothers to choose the best diaper. Kids between 1-3 years old known is always
produce more than 170ml urine per day. That is why the mothers need a diaper who have can patch for
urine and feses cause it have a best absorption for around 5 cup (1 cup = 60ml), it make to change the
diaper need more time than before (Daulay 2011). The absorption from the diaper make the mothers
get lax. Sometime a lot of mothers didn’t change their diaper kids even though the kids is pee’s and the
mothers rarely check inside the diaper who make the kids got a diaper rash and got an ISK indication.

Lajutkan lampiran selanjutnyo yoo…