Tristan Scott

Period 5

7/25/16

APUSH Summer Project

1. US history describes major events from the time the US was founded to the turn of the 21 st
century and then some more.
2. I’m interested in learning more about this country than I have in the past. Memorizing all the
information seems to be the only downside for me as I’ve heard you learn a lot of minute details
and tidbits.
3. I feel this class will help prepare me for future classes I’ll take in college and a job I’d like in
relevant to US history.
4. A. 1491-1607 “In fourteen hundred ninety-two, Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue …
October 12 their dream came true, you never saw a happier crew! The first American? No, not
quite. But Columbus was brave, and he was bright” A familiar poem describing the discovery of
the New World and a step towards the founding of the 13 colonies. In 1493, Columbus reports his
discovery via letter. His letter was reprinted and copied in different languages as it spread across
Europe. Back in 1492, The Columbian exchange was occurring. The Columbian Exchange was
the exchange of goods between the Americas and African and European countries. Goods like
animals, crops, clothes, and, unsurprisingly, diseases. Around 1512, the encomienda system was
established to effectively own Indians. The Indians were enslaved by mostly conquistadors.
Religious battles began 1517 in the New World. It was a fight between Protestants and
Catholicism. 1525 marked the rise in popularity of the Atlantic Slave Trade. Africans were
kidnapped from African countries for the sole purpose of being sold off to wealthy, white, rich
businessmen and slave-owners to do work without ay in terrible living conditions. 1550 began a
time when the new world traded commodities. This commodity was tobacco. From the New
World to Europe, tobacco was the most popular cash crop at the time. 13 years before the
Pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock, Jamestown, the first English colony in the Americas, was
founded 1607. They were the cornerstone of the British colonies.

B. 1607-1754 In 1619 African were kidnapped from their homes in Africa and taken to the
Americas. When they reached the mainland, they were sold off for free labor. 13 years after
Jamestown was founded, the pilgrims landed on Plymouth Rock on the Mayflower. On
November 11th, 1620, the pilgrims signed the Mayflower Compact, the first governing document
in the Plymouth Colony. From 1626-1664, the Dutch colonized New Netherlands. New
Netherlands was in present day New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, and Delaware. New
Netherlands was a culturally and ethnically diversified society. On November 17 th, 1737, a
rebellious woman named Anne Hutchison was banished from Massachusetts. The reason for her
untimely exile was because she questioned the political authority of the clergy and held organized
religion for women. The Half-Way Covenant was an agreement extending partial church
membership to church members’ children who hadn’t experienced conversion yet. The lesser
known King Philips’ war, taking place in the year 1675, was a war between Metacomet, the
Wampanoag and the New English settlers. The war was fought because the New English settlers
wanted the natives to be put under colonial control. Although unknown to many, King Philips
War is said to be the most devastating war in American history. By the time it ended in August of
1675, more than half the English towns were in New England were destroyed. Locke’s Two
Treatises of Government, published anonymously in 1689, was one of Locke’s many work that
helped further the formation of the American Republic. The 2 nd Treatises overviewed Locke’s
ideas of a more civilized society with Contract Theory and natural rights. The Salem Witch
Trials, taking place from November 1692- May 1693, were a series of trial when “witches” were
put on trial and if proven guilty, they were prosecuted. 20 “witches” were prosecuted. One
“witch” was burned at the stake. The other 19 were hanged. 1718 marks the establishment of New
Orleans. The first Gulf Coast Map had been posted in Paris 1718. On that map, for the first time,
was the newly established New Orleans. At its peak of popularity in 1725, the Middle passage
from Africa to the colonies. Kidnapped Africans were stuffed into ships to the brim. Disease
thrived there. Due to the terrible living conditions, some committed suicide or tried to before
being stopped by crewmembers. In 1773, slave revolted in the West Indies. News of this made
Headlines in paper like the New York Times. First published in 1735 in The Guardian an article
talked about why women should be educated. Reasons included that women have more spare
time, they have the responsibility of educating children, they were gifted in speech, and they
needed to keep busy. In 1742, John Reid Jr. bound himself to a master by signing the Indenture
Agreement. The Indenture Agreement is a binding contract that indentured servants sign saying
they were in debt to a master. Once the debt was paid, they’d be free. The Great Awakening in
1744 was a great time for religion. Religion was being revived and revitalized. There was more
focus on the important parts of religion. In 1751, King George II issued a proclamation stating
slaves weren’t real estate but it said nothing about them not being property.

C. 1754-1800 From 1754-1763, The French and Indian War (Seven Years’ War) was being
fought between the Native Americans and the British and French. The French and British wanted
to trade with the Indians for exploitation and land. From 1754-1775, Us-British relations were
slowly boiling with hatred for each other. After constant right taking acts, the US fought back
against the British in 1775. One of the many acts and proclamations force down the Colonies’
throats as the Proclamation of 1763. Set into motion October 7 th, this proclamation was instated
after the French and Indian War. The land the British got after the war was on the west side of the
Appalachian Mountains The colonists couldn’t pass the Appalachian Mtns. to expand. The Sugar
Act of 1764 was a way to put tariffs on sugar to repay war debts and keep an army together. The
act was instated in the colonies April 5th, 1764. The Stamp Act, yet another restraining act on the
colonists’ rights, stated the colonists had to pay tax on any paper product from playing cards to
stamps. This act was set into place on March 22nd. In reaction, the colonists would attack, maim,
or harass the tax collectors. To combat this, the British sent troops to Boston to keep order. This
was one of the acts within a larger act, the Townshend Acts. On March 5, 1770, the day started
out as a harmless, at least for the colonists, flame war between angry colonists and some British
guards ended in a massacre. That’s how the colonies painted the massacre. The British painted
the encounter as if the colonists were at fault. They said the colonists were insulting, provoking,
and throwing snowballs with rocks within them at the guards. Somebody yelled fired timidly and
thus began the massacre against the defenseless. The colonists painted this experience with a high
ranking officer coming out from the crowd of British soldiers, getting them in firing squad
position and yelled “Fire!” An early taste of what’s to come from the Uncle Tom’s Cabin realm,
Wheatley wrote a poem describing how she hoped the new Secretary of State for the colonies
would be less tyrannical than his predecessor. That a slave’s life gave her a love of freedom.
Making comparisons between the colonies and England like a slave to a slave holder. Phillis
Wheatley’s poem was published in a compilation book of poems published in 1772. On May 10 th,
1773, the Tea Act was installed in the colonies. The act only allowed the importation of highly
priced and highly tariffed tea from the East India Company. The Tea act was to stop the company
from going bankrupt and this angered the colonists when they found out. In revolt, on December
16th, 1773 the colonists dressed up in unconvincing Indian costumes and poured all the tea into
the Boston Port. In reaction this pushed the British over the deep end and started shooting out a
series of acts called the Intolerable Acts (Coercive Acts). The first act in this line up was the Port
act on March 21st, 1774. The Port Act closed the Boston ports until the colonies repaid the British
for the dumped tea. The final act in this series of acts was installed on May 20 th, 1774. As a
rebuttal to the British, on October 12th, 1774, the slave trade was halted by congress. Dubbed the
‘”Shot heard around the world,” the first battle of the Revolutionary War at Lexington and
Concord. This battle had a total of 73 British fatalities and 200 wounded. Lexington and concord
took place on May 19th, 1775. Back in the British Parliament, on October 26, 1775 King George
III addressed the parliament that he wouldn’t allow the colonies independence. On November
15th, 1775, John Adam’s plan was presented to congress to make an American government. On
January 10th, 1776, Thomas Paine’s Common Sense pamphlet was published and gave the final
push to strive towards independence from the British. More than 100000 copies sold in the
colonies within 3 months. On May 10th, 1776, the continental congress gave the go for colonies to
make local governments. On July 4th, the day we show the skies whose boss, the Declaration of
Independence was signed by 52 members of congress. In 1777, the Articles of Confederation,
was drafted as a new constitution for the colonies. In the revolution, Women played a major role
in the Revolutionary war. They sewed uniforms, boycotted tea, saved money and goods for the
army, and harbored fugitives. The worst winters in the history of America, Valley Forge in the
winter of 1777 was one of the hardest time s for the continental army. There was disease, famine,
cold and a lack of supplies. The final major battle in the Revolutionary War at Yorktown lasted 3
days. On the final day after being surrounded from all sides by the Americans and French, the
British surrendered. On September 3rd, 1783, the Treaty of Paris was signed in Paris, France. In
December of 1783, George Washington went to congress and returned his sword saying he just
wanted to return to his farm and live the rest of his life in peace. In 1786 Farmers had to pay high
taxes, eviction, and imprisonment for debt. This angered farmers and they started a movement
called Shay’s Rebellion. The result was a stronger central government. After Shay’s Rebellion, a
Continental Convention in Philadelphia, May 14th, 1787. New amendments were added to the
Articles of Confederation. On July 12th, 1787, The Three Fifths Compromise was put into law.
The Three Fifths Compromise stated that 3 out of every 5 slaves owned would add up to 1
person. On July 13th, 1787, the Northwest Ordinance was adopted. The Northwest Ordinance was
a model on how 6 territories which are present day Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Wisconsin,
Minnesota, and Illinois, were divided up. Once the state had 60000 free inhabitants, it could apply
for statehood. From August 6th, 1787- September 17th, 1787 was a rewrite of the constitution. A
new draft was written and presented to congress. The Federalist Papers, a series of papers written
by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison John Jay. They were published on October 27 th, 1787.
The papers served a purpose of explaining each clause of the constitution. After being sent out to
congress, Congress sent the new draft out to the states to be ratified. When all the states ratified
the new draft for the constitution, the constitution was officially ratified on March 22 nd, 1788.
Reluctantly George Washington was inaugurated and he took office on April 30 th, 1789. On
December 15th, 1791, The Bill of Rights was ratified. The first 10 amendments were on the Bill of
Rights. Thomas Jefferson resigned as Secretary of State on December 31 st, 1893. He resigned
because he was concerned with Alexander Hamilton’s ideas of government. Like Shay’s
Rebellion, the Whisky Rebellion was started because farmers were angry about taxes. The taxes
now were taxes on whisky. The riot had to be stopped with force from militia. In 1796, the 2 nd
president of the United States was elected. James Madison was the 2 nd president. The election was
a close call with Madison winning by 3 votes. From 1797-1800, John Adams was sent over to
France to negotiate a treaty. 3 unnamed agents dubbed “X’, “Y”, and “Z” demanded outrageous
demands like $10 million and bribes. The reason for a treaty in the first place was a secret war
called the Quasi War. Eventually a compromise was made and the US and French were friends
again. This event was called the XYZ Affair. Fear with war with the French led to the passing of
the Alien and Sedition Act. Passed in 1798, the purpose of the act was to make it less appealing to
immigrate to the US due to the difficulty of getting a citizenship. Illegal aliens were deported out
of the country. Anybody who mocked the government was punished. Anonymously written by
Thomas Jefferson and James Madison in 1798, the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions was
written to encourage states to nullify unconstitutional laws. This act was a direct response to the
Alien and Sedition Act.

D. 1800-1848 In 1800 Thomas Jefferson was elected the 3rd president of the United States. The
Judiciary Act, approved in 1801, increased federal courts, judgeships, clerks, and marshals. The
court case Marbury v. Madison (1803) gave more power to the court system with judicial review.
In 1803, Jefferson made the Louisiana Purchase, a plot of land owned by the French. The land
costed $10 million and more than doubled the US’s size. It spanned from the gulf coast to Canada
and the Rocky Mountains to the Mississippi River. In a duel between vice president, Aaron Burr
and former Secretary of State, Alexander Hamilton, one person didn’t walk away alive.
Alexander Hamilton was wounded. He later died from his wound. The duel took place on July
11th, 1804. To avert war, the US created the Embargo of 1807. The embargo was imposed on
foreign goods and was an unpopular as well as a costly. On March 2 nd, 1807, Congress voted for
slave trade to end on January 1st, 1808. The American Act (end of international slave trade) was
approved. The War of 1812, from 1812-1815, was started because the British interfered with
American Shipping and impressed American seamen. The first factory using the Waltham-Lowell
Factory System was opened in 1813. The Waltham-Lowell Factory System was a system that
converted raw cotton into cloth using machinery. At the Battle of New Orleans was one of the
more memorable battles in the War of 1812. Taking place on January 18 th, 1815, the Battle of
New Orleans was never supposed to happen because a peace treaty had been signed. Neither
side’s forces knew that a fought. With only 8 killed and 13 wounded on the America side and
2036 killed on the British side, General Andrew Jackson became a hero and had a statue made of
him in New Orleans and would go on to win the presidency on March 4 th, 1829. Tariff of 1816
was a tariff on all foreign goods. The Tariff of 1816 was created in response to the War of 1812.
To prevent the spread of slavery, no slave states could be admitted north of the 36 th parallel
except Missouri while Maine was admitted as a free state. The Monroe Doctrine, named after
President James Monroe, declared the Western hemisphere of the US was no longer able to be
occupied by European. The Monroe Doctrine was created on December 2 nd, 1823 and was created
to stop further European intervention in the US. The Election of 1824 was the election in which
James Monroe won the presidency again for his 2nd term in office. The following year would be
the end of the “Era of Good Feelings” (1817-1825). When the “Era of Good Feelings” ended,
another one began. Starting in 1825 and ending in 1835, the 2nd Great Awakening began with a
revival of religion, thousands appearing to hear preaching of the Lord, and the encouragement to
convert to Baptist or Methodist. There was emphasis on a purified country. The American
Society for the Promotion of Temperance was founded to promote temperance in the American
society, as said by the society’s name. The American Society for the Promotion of Temperance
was founded on February 13th, 1826. The Tariff of 1828, or the Tariff of Abominations as called
by South Carolina, was a tariff put imposed upon imported manufactured goods. This favored the
North over the South. This angered South Carolina especially and thus started the Nullification
Crisis. Beating John Quincy Adams in the race for the presidency, Andrew Jackson was put into
office in 1828. His popularity from the Battle of New Orleans and common man status helped
him to get elected. President Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act in 1830, which would force
Indians out of their home and on to reservations. This subsequently led to the Trail of Tears and
caused major controversy when enacted. Where did American abolition start? The Liberator’s
first publication was dedicated to the emancipation of slaves. The first publication was printed in
Boston on January 1st 1831. President Jackson’s Bank War in 1832 was a “fight” to see who
could 1-up the other in terms of annoying each other. President Jackson called the bank
“unauthorized by the constitution,” and made bills to split them up. The Nullification Crisis
began when South Carolina, aided by VP John C. Calhoun, protested the Tariff of 1828. South
Carolina adopted a bill named the Ordinance of Nullification which declared the tariffs of 1816
and 1828 null and void. President Jackson sent militia calling South Carolina’s actions “an act of
treason” but was resolved with the passing of Henry Clay’s compromise tariff bill. The
Nullification Crisis lasted from 1832-1833. The American Anti-Slavery Society, as obvious by its
name, was a society against slavery. Its goal was to end slavery and emancipate the slaves. The
American Anti-Slavery Society was founded in 1833. Fueled by a hatred for Andrew Jackson’s
presidency and abuse of power, the Whig party was formed in 1834. People in the Whig party
were usually educators, business-oriented farmers, and manufacturers. The Panic of 1837 was a
collapse of state banks due to paper money being highly inflated. Widespread economic
depression and distress occurred for 5 years. With over 2200 miles of trail the Trail of Tears
separated Indians from their native land for good. Many Indian tribes refused but were forced off
one way or another. The Trail of Tears gets its name from the tears and sadness surrounding the
trail. It was used from 1838-1839. Factories calling Lowell, Massachusetts how were called
Lowell factories and employed up to 8000 workers. They were mostly women and children who
could fit in small places and operate machinery. The Lowell factories started in 1840. The first
World Anti-Slavery Convention was held in London in 1840. Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady
Stanton attended but could only observe from the gallery. William Lloyd Harrison attended sat in
the gallery to protest the unequal rights the women. The experience was a crucial moment for
women’s rights. “Tippecanoe and Tyler Too,” was the slogan that won the presidency for
William Henry Harrison in 1840. Due to Martin Van Buren being blamed for the financial crisis
of the 1830’s and the nickname that followed, “Martin Van Ruin,” William Henry Harrison was
the easy choice for the presidency. The Amistad Incident, 1841, was when the US navy took over
a ship enslaved Negros had taken over in 1839. The fight was over whether or not to free the
Negros. Eventually they were freed by order of the US Supreme Court. On March 28 th, 1841,
Dorothy Dix was galvanized. She was a teacher at the East Cambridge House of Correction. The
treatment of the mentally ill appalled her and she toured other prisons and institutions to find the
same results. She submitted her findings to the state legislature and a bill was created for better
treatment of inmates and the mentally ill. On December 3 rd, 1844, Congress lifted the Gag Rule, a
rule that would allow Congress to ignore all anti-slavery petitions. The Gag Rule was lifted
because there were so many abolitionists and the topic could never stay out of the halls of
Congress. One of the few literate slaves, Frederick Douglass wrote a memoir about the
experience he had as a slave. The memoir was called Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass
and was published in 1845. A revolutionary product at the time, the sewing machine was invented
in 1846 and sped up the process of sewing clothes. It made the US the leader in cheap, ready-to-
wear clothes until most jobs were outsourced to China. From July 19 th, 1848- July 20th, 1848, the
Seneca Falls Convention in Seneca Falls, New York was being held. The Seneca Falls
Convention was held under solving women’s suffrage and write a Declaration of Independence
esc document advocating for women’s suffrage called the Declaration of Sentiments. Both men
and women signed the Declaration of Sentiments.

E. 1848-1877 Manifest Destin, the expansion from the East to West Coast was heavily pursued
by the US. From 1848-1877, the US continued to expand its borders. The downside to Manifest
Destiny was the fights and issues over cultural differences, slavery, and immigration. One of the
first major plots of land was the Mexican Secession (1848). That plot of land was received as part
of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (February 2nd, 1848) from the Mexican-American war taking
place from 1846-1848. The California Gold rush, January 24th, 1484, was when large amounts of
gold was found and everybody was rushing to California to strike rich. In 1849, 80000 men
rushed for California gaining the name, the 49’ers. Harriet Tubman ran the Underground Railroad
and helped 300 slaves escape. She eventually escaped herself and got freedom. The Compromise
of 1850, September 9th, 1850, admitted California as a free state but also allowed slave states to
be in the Mexican Secession. The Fugitive Slave At, September 8 th, 1850, was part of the
Compromise of 1850. It stated that any slave that escaped to the North, had to be returned to their
owner. A former slave, Sojourn Truth, made one of the many landmark women’s’ rights
speeches. Sojourn Truth’s Ain’t I a Woman speech, May 28th, 1851, addressed 2 reforms while
people sidelined her speech rooting for the abolition of slavery. Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet
Beech Stowe, published on March 20th, 1852, was a major cause for the Civil War and a
landmark in the abolition of slavery. Within just one year, it sold 300000 copies. The book was
“The first popular novel to awaken the conscience of the nation to the life of the Negro under the
slave system.” The Republican Party first met on February 28 th, 1854. It met to combat the spread
of slavery. They met in Ripon, Wisconsin. The Kansas-Nebraska Act, May 30th, 1854, repealed
the Missouri Compromise and allowed states to vote whether or not to be free or slave instead of
the 36th parallel. After the Kansas-Nebraska Act passed, violence broke out in Kansas for 1855-
1860. Fights broke out between anti and pro-slavery groups. An anti-slavery town named
Lawrence was ransacked on May 21st, 1856. John Brown, a “martyr” and abolitionist, in
retaliation led a violent attack on Potawatomie Creek, a pro-slavery settlement. This fit of
violence was called Bleeding Kansas. Senator Charles Sumner was attacked on May 22 nd, 1856 in
the senate after giving his Crimes against Kansas speech denouncing some southern senators.
Representative Preston Brooks attacked Sumner with a cane and became a hero in the South. In
the North, he was a martyr for the cause of freedom. After 3 years of the attack, Sumner
recovered. The Dred Scot v .Sanford (1857) was when Dred Scott, a slave living in a free state for
4 years and a free territory which erased his status as a slave. He sued for his freedom and the
Missouri court leaned in his favor but the state Supreme Court reversed the decision. When the
case reached the Supreme Court 5 years later, in a 7 to 2 vote, the court ruled Dred Scott couldn’t
sue for freedom because African Americans, free or slave, are not citizens. One of Lincoln’s most
iconic speech, the House Divided speech on June 16th, 1858 addressed slavery as a political and
moral problem. “A house divided against itself cannot stand,”… “I do not expect the Union to
be dissolved. I do not expect the house to fall; but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will
become all one thing, or all the other. Either the opponents of slavery will arrest the further
spread of it, and put it in course of ultimate extinction; or its advocates will push it forward till it
shall become alike lawful in all the states, old, as well as new.” This addressed the fights between
the North and the South. The 7 Lincoln-Douglass debates from August 21 st, 1858- October 15th,
1858, these debates helped to increase Lincoln’s popularity. John Brown and his army of 5 black
men led an attack against Harpers Ferry in Virginia. 2days later the US army arrived and ended
the raid. The raid lasted from October 16th, 1859- October 18th, 1859. The election of 1860 when
Lincoln was elected president, the South met their breaking point. They seceded from the Union
and became the Confederacy. Lincoln was elected on November 6 th, 1860. The first state to
secede from the union was South Carolina on December 20 th, 1860. The final state to secede was
Texas on February 8th, 1861. The Confederate States of America was finally whole and complete.
On March 4th, 1861, Lincoln was sworn into office. He gave his First Inaugural Address about
slavery and keeping the US united. The first battle of the Civil War was the Battle of Fort Sumter.
It began and ended on April 12th, 1861 in South Carolina. The Confederacy won. Slave that
escaped their owners were confiscated and declared “contraband.” This was declared when the
First Confiscation Act was declared by Congress on May 24th, 1861. If Slaves escaped
Confederate forces that were being used against Union forces, the Union would confiscate them
and declare the “contraband.” First Battle of Bull Run in Virginia was the first major battle of the
Civil War. It was on July 21st, 1861. The Confederacy won. It was then that both sides realized
then Civil War was going to be a hard and long. The Battle of Shiloh was the worst battle up to
that point in the Civil War and American history as a whole. The battle took place on April 6 th,
1862 in Pittsburg Landing, Tennessee. The Union won. The Homestead Act was created on May
20th, 1862. It was a series of laws and acts giving land to settlers. The Federal Homestead Law
said if you were willing to farm land in the west for 5 years were given 160 acres of land. The
Pacific Railway Act was signed in 6 weeks later, which provided land loans to the government to
make the first transcontinental railroad. The Morrill Act was signed one day later and stated land
could be given out to states for financial colleges. Slavery was prohibited in all US territories (not
the confederacy) on June 18th, 1862. From Washington and Dakota to New Mexico, slavery was
no longer. Lincoln made is position on slave trade obvious by stating he wouldn’t grant mercy to
convicted slave traders. Lincoln suspended Habeas corpus for a time in Maryland on September
25th, 1862. Habeas corpus stated that a person put under arrest could appear in court in person in
case they were found innocent. Habeas corpus was suspended because of riots in revolt of the
Civil war. Martial law was instated and Habeas corpus was suspended. Lincoln’s Emancipation
Proclamation was finally issued on January 1st, 1863 against any territory rebelling the Union/US.
The Emancipation Proclamation stated that “all persons held as slaves within any State or
designated part of a State. . . in rebellion against the United States. . . thenceforward and forever
free.” Slaves in Border States were not freed because Lincoln believed the Proclamation was only
a war measure. The first all-black regiment in the Union was authorized on January 26 th, 1863. It
was called the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry. The 54th’s first assault was on July 18th,
1863, on Fort Wagner, a confederate stronghold, on Morris Island near Charleston in South
Carolina. The bloodiest battle of the Civil War and in American history, the Battle of Gettysburg
resulted in 51000 casualties. The battle lasted from July 1 st, 1863 to July 3rd, 1863. The Union
won. With the passing of the Conscription Act on March 2nd, 1863, riots broke out months later
on July 13th. The Conscription Act basically set pressure upon immigrants and men to get service
jobs. There were riots about this months later. In the riots, 120 were killed, many African
American men were lynched, and houses were burned. 4 months after the Battle of Gettysburg,
Lincoln dedicated a cemetery to the fallen, in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. It was there Lincoln
gave his Gettysburg Address. “Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth, on this
continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are
created equal.” Due to the state of the US, Lincoln was a more favorable choice over any other
presidential candidate. Lincoln won the presidency and was re-elected. He won against General
George B. McClellan. He opposed the Emancipation Proclamation and ran on the platform that
Lincoln’s term was “4 years of failure” and wanted to negotiate the end of the war. Lincoln gave
his 2nd Inaugural Address on March 4th, 1865. Lincoln addressed the causes and purpose of the
Civil War. He also talked about slavery and the “scourge of war.” He lastly talked about keeping
the nation one and repairing the wounds brought by the last few decades. Finally ending the Civil
War, the surrender at Appomattox Court House finally ended the 4 year Civil War. Robert E. Lee
surrendered on April 9th, 1865. 5 days after the end of the Civil War, President Lincoln was
assassinated in Ford’s Theatre in Washington D.C., by John Wilkes Booth. While the
Emancipation Proclamation freed the slaves in the confederacy, the 13 th Amendment freed the
slaves in all the United States. The Senate passed the 13 th Amendment on December 6th, 1865 in
response to an abolitionist petition campaign. The House of Representatives also passed it. In the
small town of Pulaski, Tennessee, a not so small group of terrorists was born. The Ku Klux Klan
(KKK) was founded by Thomas M. Jones in the law offices of Pulaski. The y were founded on
December 24th, 1865. It was founded as a social club but slowly evolved to terrorize freedmen
and their families. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 was passed on April 9 th, 1866 over President
Johnson’s veto. It stated anybody born in the US was a US citizen. The Reconstruction Acts of
1866 were a series of acts passed for the Reconstruction Era. One Instated martial law in
confederate states and broke the states into districts until they accepted the US constitution and
were reinstated in the US. Another gave suffrage to Freedmen and African American in the
South. The Tenure of Office Act forbade the president to fire and replace officeholders without
the approval of the Senate. The Reconstruction Acts of 1866 was instated March 2 nd, 1867.
President Johnson was impeached after testing the law by removing the Secretary of War from
office in August 1867. His unpalatability and veto of 20 bills didn’t make the case for his
impeachment any harder than it already was. The House voted 127 to 47 for impeachment and the
Senate voted 35 to 19 for impeachment. He was impeached February 24 th, 1868. On July 9th,
1868, the 14h Amendment was ratified and it gave citizenship to freedmen. On November 3 rd,
1868, Ulysses S. Grant was elected president. He was elected the 18 th POTUS. The 15th
Amendment officially gave suffrage to freedmen. It was ratified on February 26 th, 1869. From
1870 to 1877, the First African American served in Congress. His name was Hiram Revels. To
finally give rights to all members of the US, the Amnesty Act of 1872, installed on May 22 nd,
1872, gave the right to former Confederacy members. Like the Panic of 1837, the Panic of 1873,
starting September 18th, 1873, was a major economic depression and was promoted by
international economic problems. Unlike the Panic of 1837 the Panic of 1873, the Congress
passed an act compensated for some losses. The act was called the Resumption Act of 1875.
Minor v Happersett was a court case in which the US Supreme Court ruled the 14 th Amendment
did not extend to women. The case took place on March 24 th, 1874. The election of 1876 was a
close call but Rutherford B. Hayes won. His opponent, Samuel L. Tilden, had 184 out of 185
electoral votes for a majority while Hayes had 1655 electoral votes. 20 votes were disputed. IN
the Compromise of 1877, the Democratic leaders would accept Hayes as the 19 th POTUS, but in
return, the Republicans would have to withdraw troops from the South, provide federal funds to
internally improve the South, and name a prominent southerner to the president’s Cabinet. The
Republicans accepted, and as a result, Hayes was the 19 th POTUS and state affairs could no
longer be intervened by the national government. Segregation and the disfranchisement of Black
voters was present. The compromise was made March 2 nd, 1877. “Exodusters” were African
Americans moving to Kansas from the South. A town in Kansas for “Exodusers” was founded in
1877. It was named Nicodemus, Kansas and is now a historical site. The first “Exodusters
traveled starting April 17th, 1877 and the final “Exoduster” traveled starting January 1st, 1900. On
April 24th, 1877, Reconstruction was brought to an end by the removal of troops from the South
from the Compromise of 1877.
 1828 The Tariff
of 1828 (Tariff of
1813 Abominations)
Waltham-Lowell 1828 Andrew Jackson elected president
Factory System

1830
Indian
18 Removal
1813 Battle 12 Act
of Thames - 1831 The Liberator
18
18 Published
March 27 1814 3
15
The Battle of 1832 The Bank War 2
W
Horseshoe Bend and
ar
1 -1
the end of the
of 8 8
Creek War
18 1833 The American 3 3
12 Anti-Slavery Society
January 18 1815 3
Battle of New founded Nu
Orleans Pe llif
1834 Whig Party formed ica
1816 Tariff of 1816 ri Pe
od ri
od
4

1837 Panic of 1837

18
3
8-
18
Mar. 3 1820 3
The Missouri 9
Compromise Tr
ail
1840 The Lowell Offering of
Te
1840 The first World
Anti-Slavery Convention 1841 The
held Amistad
Incident
1840 “Tippecanoe
and Tyler Too”
Dec. 2 1823
The Monroe 1824 Election Mar. 31 1841
Doctrine of 1824 Dorothy Dix
galvanized

1825-
Dec 3 1844
Feb. 13 1826 1835
Congress lifts
The American Second
the Gag Rule
Society for the Great
promotion of Awaken 1845 Narrative of the Life of
Temperance ing Frederick Douglass published
founded
1846 Sewing 1846-
Machine Invented 1848
Mexica Oct 16 1859-
n- Oct. 18 1869
Jan 24 1847
Americ
California Gold Rush John Brown’s raid on
an War
Pe Harpers Ferry

Feb 4 1847
Treaty of Guadalupe ri
od
Hidalgo

4 Nov. 6 1860
Lincoln Elected
July 24 1847
Mormons arrive in Dec.
Utah
20
July 19 1849-
1860-
July 20 1849
March 4 1861 Lincoln Inaugurated Feb. 8
Seneca Falls
Convention
1861
1849 Harriet Tubman Apr. 12 1861 Attack on Fort Sumter Secessi
May 24 1861 Escaped slaves considered “contraband” on and
escapes Philadelphia
confede
1850 July 21 1861 First Battle of Bull Run racy

Sept. 9 1850 18 18
The Compromise
45 46
April 7 1862 Battle of Shiloh
Per
of 1850 May 20 1862 Homestead Act
Sept. 18 1850
- -
June 19 1862 Slavery prohibited in US territories iod
18 18
Fugitive Slave Law
77 60 Sept 25 1862 Habeas Corpus suspended 5
Sept. 20 1850 Pro
Am Jan. 1 1863 Emancipation Proclamation
Slave trade ble
eric Jan 26 1863 First all-black regiment in the Union
abolished in ms
an auhtorized
Washington D.C.
Exp bet July 1 863-July 3 1863 Battle of Gettysburg

May 28 1851 ansi wee July 13 1863 Draft riots

on n Nov. 19 1863 Gettysburg Address
Sojourn Truth:
(Ma and
“Ain’t I a Woman”
nife abo Nov. 8 1864 Lincoln re-elected
Mar. 20 1852 ut
st
Uncle Tom’s Cabin Mar 3 1864 Freedman’s Bureau established
Des new
published ter
tiny
Feb. 29 1854 ) rito Mar. 4 1865 Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address
First meeting of the ries
Apr. 9 1865
Republican Party Apr. 9 1865 Surrender
Civil Rights
May 30 1854 18
Per at Appomattox Court House
Act of 1865

Kansas-Nebraska
Act
55 iod Apr. 14 1865 Lincoln Assassinated

-
18 5 Dec. 5 1865 13th Amendment ratified
May 22 1856
Sumner assaulted 60 Dec. 24 1865 Ku Klux Klan organized
in the Senate Ble
edi
Mar. 2 1867 Reconstruction Acts of 1867

ng
Mar 6 1857 Kan Feb 24 1868 Johnson impeached
Dred Scott sas
Decision Jul. 9 1868 14th
Amendment ratified
June 16 1858 Lincoln’s
“House Divided” speech Nov 3 1868 Ulysses S. Grant elected president

Aug. 21-Oct.
15 1858
Lincoln-Douglass
 Aug. 6 - Sept. 17 1787 July 13 1787 May 14 1787
Writing the Constitution Northwest Constitutional Convention
Apr. 30
Oct 27 1787 Federalist Ordinance adopted called in Philadelphia
July 12 1787 1789
Papers published
Washington
Three-Fifths
1754- 1754-1763 Clause adopted
Mar. 22 1788
Constitution ratified
inaugurated Pe
1775
The
The French and
Indian War
ri
Dec. 15 1791
coming
of the
Bill of Rights od
Oct. 7 1763 adopted
Revolut Proclamation 3
ion of 1763 1793 Dec. 31
Jefferson resigns as
Apr. 5 1764
secretary of State
The Sugar Act
1794
Mar. 22 1765 The
1796
The Stamp Act Whisky
Adams
Rebellion
Aug. 14 1765 elected
1797-
Colonists react to 1798 The Alien
Oct. 11 1768 1800
the Stamp Act and Sedition Acts
May 10 British troops
1798 Kentucky and XYZ
arrive in Boston
1773 – Virginia Resolutions Affair and
Quasi
Dec. 16
Jul. 28 1769 Receipt for land War
1773 purchased from the Six Nations 1800
Tea Act 1800 1801
Mar. 5 1870 The Boston massacre Jefferson Judiciary Act
elected
Aug. 3 1804
Mar. 21 1772 Phillis Wheatley on tyranny and slavery
Pe The Barbary
1774 – Pirate Wars
May 20 May 19 1775 Battle of Lexington and Concord ri July 11 1804 Aaron Apr 30 1803
1774 Aug 24, 1775 Colonies declared in “open Burr kills Alexander The Louisiana

Intolerable rebellion” od Hamilton in a duel Purchase

Acts Oct. 26, 1775 Jan 1 1804

King George
3
Oct. 12 III’s address to Parliament Hattian Revolution Pe
1774 Slave ends with freedom
Nov. 15 1775 John Adams’ plan
trade halted Jan. 10 1776 Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
from France ri
Mar. 2 1807
od
published
1777 Congress votes
Articles of Jul. 4 1776 The Declaration of to end the
Confederation Independence Signed Slave Trade

1777
Women’s Jan. 1807
roles in the Embargo of
Revolution 1807

1777
Valley Forge

Oct. 17 1783- Oct. 19 1783

British surrender at Yorktown
1786
Shay’s
Sept. 3 1783 Peace of 1783
Rebellion
Dec. 1783 Washington lays
Sept. 9 down his sword
1786
Washington
on slavery
 Anne Hutchison
1400 Nov. 17 1637
Banished

Christopher
Columbian 1492
Columbus discovers 1650
Exchange
the New World
1500 Columbus
1493 reports his
The Half-Way
1662
Pe
Encomienda system discovery
1512 Covenant
1517 established
Religious battle in
Pe End “New 1664
the New World
Amsterdam” rio
rio
1525
The rise of the
d
Atlantic Slave
d1 King Philips’
1675
Trade War 2
Locke’s Two
Feb.
Treatises of
Government
1689 1692 –
published May
Salem Witch
1550 1692 1693
hysteria
Salem
1555 Tobacco Witch
arrives in Trials
Europe

1700

New Orleans
1719
established
1600 The Middle 1725
Passage
Jamestown,
1607 Slaves revolt in
Virginia Founded
the West 1733
Article posted Indies
African in the
1619 in The
New World Guardian for 1735
1620 Pilgrims land
women’s rights Age of the
1742
indentured servant

Pe The First
Great
1744

1630 ri Awakening
1626-1664 New Amsterdam
od
Boston Hill – Slave System 1751
The City on codified
the Hill
2