Proposal Title: Washing machine motors control using ATMEGA328P

microcontroller

UNDERGRADUATE MINI PROJECT

For

Electromechanical systems lab (Electromechanical Systems)

Department of (Mechatronics engineering)

Submitted By
AMEER SAID

Supervisor
ENGR.SHAHBAZ KHAN

Institute of mechatronics engineering

University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
Washing machine motors control using ATMEGA328P microcontroller (AMEER SAID)

UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,

PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN
UNDERGRADUATE MINI PROJECT

Washing machine motor control using

Proposal Title ATMEGA328P microcontroller
MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING
Department

Student Name AMEER SAID

Father’s Name HAKEEM SAID

Contact No. 03029155395

Email 18pwmct0634@uetpeshawar.edu.pk

Registration No. 18PWMCT0634

Research Supervisor ENGR.SHAHBAZ KHAN

1. Summary
This project is for the purpose of solving problem of an advance washing machine motors
controlling using Atmel[ CITATION Muh101 \l 1033 ] (ATMEGA328P)microcontroller by the
method of in circuit programming of microcontroller by the help of a USBASP ISP [ CITATION
USB \l 1033 ] driver which would be transformer the program to microcontroller in the circuit
of the washing machine. There are three motors which should be controlled by the
microcontroller. One is the drain motor second one is the drive motor the third is the water
inlet hose control motor. These motors are all alternating current motors so I will use five
volts relays to overcome this problem of alternating current and direct current from
microcontroller[ CITATION Muh101 \l 1033 ] .This problem is faced to me in my home I will
solve it and it will prepare me very well for the next course microprocessors and
microcontrollers in the fifth semester also it well gives me the achievements and skills of my
present course electromechanical systems it is closely related to these courses so that’s why I
am decided to do this project.
2. Introduction

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Washing machine motors control using ATMEGA328P microcontroller (AMEER SAID)

One of the main machines in the

household is the washing
machine. In the early
development of washing
machine technology all motor
control operations are set
manually by operating timer [1].
Timer is used
to determine the time the
machine will work. With the
ever-evolving technology, the
use of
microcontroller is being applied
in the washing process based on
predetermined time [2], [3]. In
addition,

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Washing machine motors control using ATMEGA328P microcontroller (AMEER SAID)

the technology of using sensors in

washing machines started to be
applied [2], [3].
One of the main machines in the
household is the washing
machine. In the early
development of washing
machine technology all motor
control operations are set
manually by operating timer [1].
Timer is used
to determine the time the
machine will work. With the
ever-evolving technology, the
use of
microcontroller is being applied
in the washing process based on

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Washing machine motors control using ATMEGA328P microcontroller (AMEER SAID)

predetermined time [2], [3]. In

addition,
the technology of using sensors in
washing machines started to be
applied [2], [3].
One of the main machines in the household is the washing machine. In the early development of
washing machine technology all motor control operations are set manually by operating timer. Timer
is used to determine the time the machine will work. With the ever-evolving technology, the
use of microcontroller[ CITATION Muh101 \l 1033 ][ CITATION Ell14 \l 1033 ] is being applied in the
washing process based on predetermined time. In addition, the technology of using sensors in washing
machines started to be applied.
This project is based upon the learning outcomes of the undergraduate course electromechanical
systems. This is to control three alternating current motors by the help of Atmel (ATMEGA328P)
microcontroller[ CITATION Muh101 \l 1033 ][ CITATION Ell14 \l 1033 ]. The modern washing
machines are based on very unique mechanisms. These machines follows the rules of artificial brains
because they know how and when to open the respective transducers or motors at specific times for
specific time intervals. My project is based upon the simple three motors washing machine
controlling. It well open and close the respective hose by the help of microcontroller for a specific
time interval in which it performs its tasks. These motors are alternating current motors but could be
controlled by a five volt relays to connect to microcontroller and the main circuitry to overcome the
problem of this alternating current and direct current.
3. The Problem Statement
Now days there are many home appliances which are manual. In these days we gives
preferences to an automatic embedded systems. We cant gives preference to a manual system
same is happening to me so i am doing this project of transferring a washing machine from a
manual system into an automatic embedded system which well do all the works by itself the
water entering and going outside. The automatic change in the direction of driver motor in
clock and anti clock wise directions for a certain time intervals to perform its task. This is the
problem which would I am be able to solve.
4. Aim and Objectives

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Washing machine motors control using ATMEGA328P microcontroller (AMEER SAID)

 The main objective is to gain the knowledge of the basic electromechanical systems
like motors generators etc.
 To know the difference between different electromechanical systems.
 To understand the main purpose of performing electromechanical experiments on
different systems,
 To know about the main use of these systems in embedded systems.
 To gain the basic knowledge of microcontrollers and relay systems.
 Understanding in circuit programming of microcontrollers.
 Understanding the use USBASP driver in in circuit programming.
 To understand the programming of microcontrollers.
 To understand the use of embedded systems in our daily life.
 To understand the basics of AC and DC motors.
 To gain the knowledge of Atmel studio for programming the Atmel microcontrollers.
 Development of an interface for a microcontroller and computers.
 To understand the control driving of motors sensors and all types of
electromechanical systems.
5. Scope/Significance of the study
Now days everything is digitalized with the help of many engineering techniques. Now the
whole world is embedded every machine that could be industrial or commercial use are
embedded. So that why many engineers are working day and night to change the whole world
into a modern embedded world that’s why they are doing research in every aspects of life. So
that’s why I am also welling to change a manual washer into an embedded washer. That
washer would perform its job in a the modern way. That should be done by a single silicon
chip a microcontroller in a simple way. Todays we have many engineering problems so we
have to conscious about that. Now we have many manual machines in our daily life so we
must have to work a little on that so it would be easily changed into an automatic embedded
system we can achieve our work without any human to work manually instead it would be
completely automatic. Many machines are based on manual techniques for operating these
machines we want many efforts from humans. It would reduce the labour cost as well.
6. Literature Review
An interesting study has been made by an indian engineer he made and developed a manual washing
machine that was pedal controlled[ CITATION Aja14 \l 1033 ]. So it was not pretty helpful but the
innovative and improving that concept begin and after that several researches has been don by
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Washing machine motors control using ATMEGA328P microcontroller (AMEER SAID)

automatic washing machines concepts his machine was not so bad but it requires a human effort every
time[ CITATION Aja14 \l 1033 ].

Figure 1 Hand driven washing machine

After that the same person was thinking to develop an advance type of washing machine so then he
taught and developed an advance washing machine that was motor controlled but the motor was
unable to rotate in both clock wise and anti clock wise to do the work of cleaning a little
better[ CITATION Aja14 \l 1033 ].

Figure 2 motor driven washing machine

Now days these machines are based on advanced mathematical models and logics like FUZZY LOGIC
and other modern intelligent techniques[ CITATION NWu11 \l 1033 ].

7. Research Methodology
First stage of project is the simulation and analysis data collecting in any electronics work
benches I will use the most common version of an electronic work bench that is
proteous[ CITATION lab \l 1033 ] in proteous I will simulate my circuit to see how it will
work.
Next stage is the data collecting from the software to simulate I well write c code in a most
common IDE(integrated development environment)[ CITATION mic \l 1033 ] for
programming the Atmel microcontrollers so it well after running and debugging the code it
will make two files object file and debugger file the object file is the important file for us I
will make the circuit and select the appropriate microcontroller in the proteous and I will
upload the object file to that once I run the simulation I will see how my hardware will work.
Next I well collect the hardware components. I well connect the USBASP ISP[ CITATION
USB \l 1033 ]

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Washing machine motors control using ATMEGA328P microcontroller (AMEER SAID)

Figure 3 USBASP ISP DRIVER

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Washing machine motors control using ATMEGA328P microcontroller (AMEER SAID)

Figure 4 USBASP ISP DRIVER

driver into my computer and the development board which I have made by my self for the
microcontroller in circuit programming calibrate all the things which are important.

Figure 5 DEVELOPMENT BOARD

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Washing machine motors control using ATMEGA328P microcontroller (AMEER SAID)

Figure 6 DEVELOPMENT BOARD

Figure 7 DEVELOPMENT BOARD

After calibration I will start the Atmel studio in which I have written the code I will upload
the code to microcontrollers EEPROM memory through the help of USBASP ISP driver and
the development board. Once the program is uploaded the I well see the microcontroller well
work and blinks the LEDs. I have not connected the real washing machine circuitry and
motors connection because now I am just testing and simulating the project.
Once all these done I will connect the motors and real circuitry of microcontroller and
washing machine. The motors of my machine are AC (alternating current motors) but I will
connect it into microcontroller by the help of 5V relay module.

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Washing machine motors control using ATMEGA328P microcontroller (AMEER SAID)

Figure 8 4CHANNEL RELAY MODULE 5V

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Washing machine motors control using ATMEGA328P microcontroller (AMEER SAID)

Figure 9 ATMEGA328P MICROCONTROLLER

Once all that is done it will work correctly when I have to process that step by step it well
work definitely.

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Washing machine motors control using ATMEGA328P microcontroller (AMEER SAID)

Figure 10 DRIVE MOTOR 220V-240V AC 50HZ

Figure 11 DRAIN MOTOR 220V-240V AC 50HZ

8. Expected Results and their Utilization:

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Washing machine motors control using ATMEGA328P microcontroller (AMEER SAID)

The most important result from this study would be that I well be very well enough prepared
for the next courses in the future like microcontrollers and microprocessors and FUZZY
LOGIC etc I well gain the knowledge of electromechanical systems because these motors are
all electromechanical systems.
The other important result is that we will be able to transfer any manual system into an updated
automatic system like this one the project well be utilized in our daily life because the most
important home appliance is washing machine without these machines we are not compatible
enough to live our daily life.

9. Experimental Setup/Equipment Required:

The equipment’s list is as under
 USBASP ISP driver which I will order from any online store.
 Atmel atmega328p microcontroller I well order online as well.
 Resisters, LEDs, Digital multimeters I had already with me.
 Main frame of washing machine I had already with me.
 Main motors I had these also with me.
 Relay module , PCB board I well order as well.
 Software’s Atmel studio, proteous I hade already installed in my laptop.
a. Are facilities available for the work? Yes
All the facilities are available and easily accessible to me for the project.

b. Additional facilities required give details. Yes

The additional facilities are only those facilities by which I have to make protection
from the water so I have to make the circuit protected from the water inside the
washing machine. It could be thermal glue or any other source which do the work of
water protection for me.

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 Washing machine motors control using ATMEGA328P microcontroller (AMEER SAID)

10. Budget:
Itemized Expenses: (details of expenditure).
Item Cost
1.USBASP ISP module 500
2.Atmega328p microcontroller 400
3.Relay module 800
4.Bread board 120
5.Resisters, LEDs, PCB, etc 500
6.Washing machine main frame. 5000
7.Drain motor and inlet motor 1200
8.Drive motor 2000
9.wires pipes valves hoses etc 2000
Total Rs:12520PKR
11. Work Schedule:

c. Proposed starting date 15/July/2020

d. Expected date of completion 15/Sep/2020

Include a plan of expected progress in Gantt chart form. A sample is provided below:
Activity 2020 2020
15 July 2020 ….. 15 Sep 2020
Phase 1 Simulation Writing
in code
electronic
work bench
Phase 2 Hardware Hardware fabricatio
component setup n
s collection
Phase 3 Real time Collectio Practical
analysis n of use and
testing required simulation
results analysis of
those
results
obtained
from the
software
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Washing machine motors control using ATMEGA328P microcontroller (AMEER SAID)

Submission 15 Sep 2020

12. References:
Works Cited

[1] S. N. S. N. Muhammad Ali Mazidi, AVR Microcontroller and Embedded Systems_ Using Assembly
and C, NEW JERSEY: Prentice HalL, 2010.

[2] U. A. I. DRIVER, “https://sparks.gogo.co.nz/usbasp_drivers.html,” [Online]. Available:

https://sparks.gogo.co.nz/usbasp_drivers.html.

[3] E. Williams, Make_ AVR Programming_ Learning to Write Software for Hardware, Gravenstein
Highway North, Sebastopol, CA 95472: Maker Media, Inc, 2014.

[4] R. S. J. S. K. C. Ajay, “innovative system design and engineering,” DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF
MANUALLY PEDAL CONTROLL WASHING MACHINE, vol. 5 no 6, no. 2222-1727, p. 55, 2014.

[5] N. W. a. A. G. Abdullah, “Design and Simulation of Washing Machine using Fuzzy Logic Controller
(FLC),” international symposium on materials and electrical engineering, vol. 5 no 6, p. 23, 2011.

[6] labcenter, “labcenter,” [Online]. Available: https://www.labcenter.com/.

[7] microchip, “microchip,” [Online]. Available: https://www.microchip.com/mplab/avr-

support/atmel-studio-7.

[8] M. S. A. M. R. a. I. K. K. Alam, “Energy Flow in Agriculture: Bangladesh,” American Journal of

Environmental Sciences, pp. 1(3), 213-220, 2005.

[9] [Online]. Available: https://sparks.gogo.co.nz/usbasp_drivers.html.

Undertaking

I certify that research work titled “enter title of your research proposal here” is my own
work. The work has not, in whole or in part, been presented elsewhere for assessment. Where
material has been used from other sources, it has been properly acknowledged/referred.

A.said
Signature of Student
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Washing machine motors control using ATMEGA328P microcontroller (AMEER SAID)

AMEER SAID
Name of Student
18PWMCT0634
Registration Number

Name Signature and Date

A.SAID
Student AMEER SAID

Supervisor
ENGR.SHAHBAZ KHAN
Remarks:

Approval by the Vice

PROF DR IFTIKHAR HUSAIN
Chancellor

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