THE IMPORTANCE AND ROLES OF INFORMATION

SYSTEMS IN BIKE SHOP

By:

ANDI ARIE SURYA WIBOWO

A021171815

DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT
FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS
HASANUDDIN UNIVERSITY
MAKASSAR
Word count : 2.283

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 PREFACE

Assalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh.

All praise and gratitude to Allah SWT, for the blessings He

gave us so the author can complete the Business Communication
paper entitled Writing Routine and Positive Messages. Secondly, all
the prayers are always given to the prophet Muhammad SAW who has
led us from the realm of ignorance to the realm of faith.

This Paper is the one of the tasks of Information Management

System courses in the Management Department, Faculty of
Economics and Business Hasanuddin University. Furthermore, the
authors expresssed her deepest gratitude to our lecture as a mentor of
business communication courses and all parties who have provided
guidance and direction during the writing of this paper.

The author also realized that this paper did not escape the
possibility to create mistakes and shortcomings. Therefore it is hoped
that constructive suggestions and criticism in order to guide the author
to be able to make a better paper in the future. Hope that this paper
can be usefull for all of us.

Makassar, 15th May, 2020

Author

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page………………………………………………………………….. 1
Preface ......................................................................................................... 2
Table of Contents …………………………………………………………. 3
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION............................................................... 4
A. Background .............................................................................................4
B. Formulation of Problem ……………………………………....………..... 5
C. Writing Purpose ………………………………………………………….. 5
D. The Benefit of Writing ................................................................................5
CHAPTER II DISCUSSION ........................................................................ 6
A. Information System .................................................................................... 6
B. Management Information System ............................................................. 6
C. Bike Shop Information System ...................................................................... 7
D. The Importance and Roles of Information System in Business ................... 8
CHAPTER III SUMMARY ............................................................................ 9
References ......................................................................................................... 10

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 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A. Background
Business owners and managers need to be informed about the

overall operation of a company and key areas of responsibility. If the

president calls and wants to know how much sales have increased in each

of the last four years, the sales manager must provide the information.

Management information systems give you access to key data about your

department and about the company in general. If the manager needs

reference information for a bid or for regulatory purposes, management

information systems are a good source.

Along with the times, many entrepreneurs use the internet to

display their websites, because with the website it will make it easier for

consumers to know the existence of bike shops and bike shop information

that can be accessed anywhere and anytime without limits as long as

consumers are connected to the internet.

Bike Shop is a company that is classified as a business engaged in

the sale of bike, t-shirt, poster,etc. Bike shop sells a variety of human

wants from much of bike bestseller to rare bike . In addition to selling a

variety of bikes like ducati, bike shop also offers sub, and wheel

Meanwhile, bike shop get sales items from their production.

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 New information and communication technologies present

significant challenges for publishers, forcing them to revise their strategies

and find new ways of engaging their readers. Christina Banou, assistant

professor in publishing and book policy at the Ionian University of Corfu,

sees these technologies from a different perspective: in Re-Inventing Book

(2016), she explains how many of today’s issues are not as new as they

seem, and reminds us that challenges to old ways of doing things offer

great opportunities to innovate and surprise. The problems that faced by

most bike shop is often having difficulty in checking the stock of goods,

the absence of making sales and purchase reports they only use

memorandum notes for reports.

In connection with that, it is proposed to solve the problem by

making information system design that can help bookkeeping, data

processing, transaction notes and reports and combining the components

that are not yet computerized into one system and guarantee the functions

of the parts of the system can be used to improve the service of selling

goods and book shop services.

B. Formulation of Problem

What are the importance and roles of information system in

Bike shop business?

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 C. Writing Purpose

The objectives to be achieved by the author in writing this paper is

to find out the importance and roles of information system in bike shop

business.

D. The Benefit of Writing

The expected benefits of this writing are that it can be used as a

reference for further writing material and can be used as a source of

information to rise up the knowledge and insight on the importance

of information systems in bike shop business.

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 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
A. Information System
Information system is very essential for running and managing a

business today. Information technology is helpful in managing important

production data and based on the data it helps the production,

management, and owners of the company to better run their business and

earn maximum profits. The six reasons are operational excellence;

business models; customer/supplier intimacy; improved decision-making;

competitive advantage, and day-to-day survival.

Information system is a way to collect, store and share data related

to your business. This can be related to financial planning, purchasing,

manufacturing, and finally sale. With the help of various programs such

as SAP (System, Application, Products). The SAP system allows

different areas of business to view and share pertaining information that is

stored in one centralized location using its various components, such as

material management-primarily used by warehouse functions related to

purchasing, finance-primarily used by the finance department etc. From

my readings, I have learned that the people component relates to solving

issues such as training, management behavior, and job attitudes. I have

also learned that the organization component relates to the specialty of

functions that individuals perform business procedures, business culture,

and the organizations hierarchy. Technology component relates to the

company’s computer system, data management, telecommunicating,

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 internet, and intranet. Information system literacy helps employees store

data and information that relates to their job performance. Computer

literacy is important to understand the various programs that are used in

the information system. Internet is a service that helps stay connected with

the world, your customers, and your stockholders. With a World Wide

Web address, which is generally accessible via the internet, you can sell

products that your company produces, with only one centralized

warehousing facility, eliminating multiple warehousing costs.

B. Management Information System

A management information system (MIS) is a computerized

database of financial information organized and programmed in such a

way that it produces regular reports on operations for every level of

management in a company. It is usually also possible to obtain special

reports from the system easily. The main purpose of the MIS is to give

managers feedback about their own performance; top management can

monitor the company as a whole. Information displayed by the MIS

typically shows "actual" data over against "planned" results and results

from a year before; thus it measures progress against goals. The MIS

receives data from company units and functions. Some of the data are

collected automatically from computer-linked check-out counters; others

are keyed in at periodic intervals. Routine reports are preprogrammed and

run at intervals or on demand while others are obtained using built-in

query languages; display functions built into the system are used by

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 managers to check on status at desk-side computers connected to the MIS

by networks. Many sophisticated systems also monitor and display the

performance of the company's stock.

The MIS represents the electronic automation of several different

kinds of counting, tallying, record-keeping, and accounting techniques of

which the by far oldest, of course, was the ledger on which the business

owner kept track of his or her business. Automation emerged in the

1880s in the form of tabulating cards which could be sorted and counted.

These were the punch-cards still remembered by many: they captured

elements of information keyed in on punch-card machines; the cards

were then processed by other machines some of which could print out

results of tallies. Each card was the equivalent of what today would be

called a database record, with different areas on the card treated as fields.

World-famous IBM had its start in 1911; it was then called

Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company. Before IBM there was C-T-

R. Punch cards were used to keep time records and to record weights

at scales. The U.S. Census used such cards to record and to manipulate its

data as well. When the first computers emerged after World War II

punch-card systems were used both as their front end (feeding them data

and programs) and as their output (computers cut cards and other

machines printed from these). Card systems did not entirely disappear

until the 1970s. They were ultimately replaced by magnetic storage

media (tape and disks). Computers using such storage media speeded up

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 tallying; the computer introduced calculating functions. MIS developed as

the most crucial accounting functions became computerized.

Waves of innovation spread the fundamental virtues of coherent

information systems across all corporate functions and to all sizes of

businesses in the 1970s, 80s, and 90s. Within companies major functional

areas developed their own MIS capabilities; often these were not yet

connected: engineering, manufacturing, and inventory systems

developed side by side sometimes running on specialized hardware.

Personal computers ("micros," PCs) appeared in the 70s and spread

widely in the 80s. Some of these were used as free-standing "seeds" of

MIS systems serving sales, marketing, and personnel systems, with

summarized data from them transferred to the "mainframe." In the 1980s

networked PCs appeared and developed into powerful systems in their

own right in the 1990s in many companies displacing midsized and small

computers. Equipped with powerful database engines, such networks were

in turn organized for MIS purposes. Simultaneously, in the 90s, the World

Wide Web came of age, morphed into the Internet with a visual interface,

connecting all sorts of systems to one another.

Midway through the first decade of the 21st century the narrowly

conceived idea of the MIS has become somewhat fuzzy. Management

information systems, of course, are still doing their jobs, but their

function is now one among many others that feed information to people

in business to help them manage. Systems are available for computer

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 assisted design and manufacturing (CAD-CAM); computers supervise

industrial processes in power, chemicals, petrochemicals, pipelines,

transport systems, etc. Systems manage and transfer money worldwide

and communicate worldwide. Virtually all major administrative functions

are supported by automated system. Many people now file their taxes

over the Internet and have their refunds credited (or money owning

deducted) from bank accounts automatically. MIS was thus the first

major system of the Information Age. At present the initials IT are coming

into universal use. "Information Technology" is now the category to

designate any and all software-hardware-communications structures that

today work like a virtual nervous system of society at all levels.

C. bike Shop Information System

If MIS is defined as a computer-based coherent arrangement of

information aiding the management function, a Bikes business running

even a single computer is appropriately equipped and connected is

operating a management information system. The term used to be

restricted to large systems running on mainframes, but that dated

concept is no longer meaningful. A medical practice with a single

workers running software for billing customers, scheduling

appointments, connected by the Internet to a network of insurance

companies, cross-linked to accounting software capable of cutting

checks is de facto an MIS. In the same vein a small manufacturer's rep

organization with three principals on the road and an administrative

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 manager at the home office has an MIS system, that system becomes

the link between all the parts. It can link to inventory systems, handle

accounting, and serve as the base of communications with each rep,

each one carrying a laptop. Virtually all small businesses engaged in

consulting, marketing, sales, research, communications, and other

service industries have large computer networks on which they deploy

substantial databases. MIS has come of age and has become an integral

part of small business.

D. The Importance and Roles of Information System in Business

At the beginning of the year, you have some idea of where you want the

business to go. You set up goals for sales, establish product profit margins, figure

how much credit the company will need from the banks, create performance

standards, and so on.Now, the job is to guide the business down the road toward

achieving those objectives.

A MIS system provides the reports that allow you to keep the business on

the road. If sales are not meeting monthly projections, you have a meeting with

the sales manager. If a few accounts receivable go 90 days past due, you get the

finance director on the phone. A report shows that raw materials in a product have

gone up, so you go to the production floor to talk with the area supervisor.The

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purpose of the MIS system is to set performance standards and alert the business

owner to deviations from those objectives in time to take corrective actions.

 Information systems function in a business is usually the technology

department in a business. This department is also known as Information

Technology (IT). These groups of professionals are responsible for maintaining

the hardware, software, data storage, network that the company uses for its

infrastructure.

CHAPTER III

SUMMARY

The information system is data that is collected, processed, and

classified in such a way that it becomes an entity's information system that

contains and fails each other so that it will become a valuable information

system for those who send it.

Management Information System (MIS) is basically concerned

with the process of collecting, processing, storing and transmitting

relevant information to support the management operations in any

organizations.

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 Bike shop is an online bike store with a mission to financially

support local, independent bike stores.We believe that bike stores are

essential to a healthy culture. They’re also anchors for our downtowns

and communities.

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 REFERENCES

Zhu, H., & Zhou, M. (2008). Roles in information systems: A survey. IEEE

Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and

Reviews), 38(3), 377-396.

Laudon, K. C., & Laudon, J. P. (1998). Management information systems: new

approaches to organization and technology. Upper Saddle River, NJ.

Gray, D. (1988). The formal specification of a small bike shop information

system. IEEE transactions on software engineering, 14(2), 263-272.

Hasselbring, W. (2000). Information system integration. Communications of the

ACM, 43(6), 32-38.

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