TCE Consulting Engineers Limited SECTION: WRITE UP

TCE.DB-CV-ST-001 DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL STEEL ELEMENTS

SHEET 8 OF 22
AS PER IS: 800-2007
 
about the minor axis; and some welded I-sections (tf ≤ 40mm buckling about the minor
axis and tf > 40mm buckling about the major axis) are in this category
Curve d: represents shapes with maximum imperfections: it is to be used for hot-rolled
I-sections with very thick flanges (tf > 100mm) and thick welded I-sections (tf > 40mm),
if buckling occurs in the minor axis.
Table 10 of IS: 800 helps the selection of the appropriate buckling curve as a function of
the type of cross-section, of its dimensional limits and of the axis about which buckling
can occur.

5.3 Behaviour of member subjected to Bending

When the beam is subjected to bending within elastic limits, a triangular diagram of
normal stresses will be obtained in the cross section of the beam (Fig 8b). Maximum
value of stress=Moment/Section modulus. On increasing the load the extreme fiber stress
will be reach the yield point, after which stresses will not increase with continuing in
strains. Yielding of material spreads along the depth of the cross section, an elastic core
remaining in the middle part of the section and the latter will be in an elastoplastic state.
An increase in the load brings the stresses up to the yield point at all the fibers (Fig.8d).
This is called plastic hinge. The spreading of yielding along the length of the beam is
shown in Fig 8e. Under the influence of such action, a large increase in the strains will
take place at the location of the plastic hinge; the beam will sag, but will not fail.

 
Fig 8: Simply supported Beam subjected to central point load
When the beam flanges are sufficiently laterally supported it fails by yielding only.
A long and narrow beam that is not stiffened in the lateral direction and is loaded above a
certain limit may lose its stability and buckle in horizontal direction (Fig. 9). This
phenomenon is termed as loss of general stability. Upon a loss of general stability,
twisting of the beam cross section commences leads to displacement of the flanges
laterally and also beam, in addition to bending in a vertical plane. At this instance, beam
is also subjected to bending in horizontal plane & torsion. Therefore the wider the

ISSUE
R0
FILE NAME: F120R2.DOC FORM NO. 120R2