Word Power:

1.concurrence [kuh n-ku'r-uh ns, -kuhr-] (n)

- an example of events, actions etc happening at the same time: a strange concurrence of
events
concur (v) - to agree or have the same opinion as someone else: He said the mayor should
not be reelected, and the voters concurred.
2. conditioned response (n) (PSYCHOLOGY)
- an automatic response established by training to an ordinarily neutral stimulus.
- a response that is transferred from the second to the first of a pair of stimuli. A well-known
Pavlovian example is salivation by a dog when it hears a bell ring, because food has always
been presented when the bell has been rung previously
Also called (esp formerly): conditioned reflex See also classical conditioning,
unconditioned response
3. physiologist [fiz-ee-o'l-uh-jist]
- a person who studies physiology (deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their
parts)
4. conscious (adj)
- awake, aware of what is happening around you, and able to think: She’s out of surgery but not
fully conscious yet.
consciously (adv)- In a way that is directly perceptible to and under the control of the person
concerned: She consciously chose to ignore him.
5. isolated (adj)
- Far away from other places, buildings, or people; remote: He lived a very isolated existence
6. regular (adj)
- Arranged in or constituting a constant or definite pattern, especially with the same space
between individual instances.
a regular arrangement
7. associate (v)
- to think about something as being connected to something else:
He always associated that perfume with Lila.
associate (n) - someone who is connected to another person as a business partner or
companion: Claire invited several business associates to dinner.
8. instigate (v)
- to cause an event or situation to happen by your actions: Changes in the orientation program
were instigated by the new director.
9. make sb's mouth water
- If the smell or sight of food makes your mouth water, it makes you want to eat it:
The smell of that bacon cooking is making my mouth water. Hungry & thirsty.
10. salivate (v) [sa'l-uh-veyt]
- to produce saliva, especially in anticipation of food:
the delicious aroma of rich stews made us salivate
11. unshakeable (adj)
- If someone's trust or belief is unshakeable, it is firm and cannot be made weaker or destroyed:
She was blessed with an unshakeable belief in her own abilities.
12. upsetting (adj)
- causing you to feel worried, unhappy, or angry:
an upsetting remark

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STORY
1. What did Ivan Pavlov do before feeding his dogs?
Before feeding his dogs, he would ring a bell.
・What did his dogs learn to do?
The dogs learned to associate the sound of the bell with food, and began to salivate just at the
sound of the bell.
2. What is a conditioned response?
　If you loved pizza and heard a particular sound whenever you smelled pizza, eventually just
hearing that sound would make your mouth water.
3. What might happen if you receive upsetting news and hear a particular song playing at
the same time?
You may find yourself disliking that song without consciously knowing why.
4. What can many of our likes and dislikes be instigated by?
They can be instigated by a regular or random concurrence of events, and lead to unshakable
lifelong behaviors.

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Story Review
This short story is very interesting. Knowing Ivan Pavlov as great physiologist in the history. The
conditioned response is an important part of the classical conditioning process. Classical
conditioning theory involves learning a new behavior via the process of association. In simple
terms, two stimuli are linked together to produce a newly learned response in a person or
animal.
The conditioned response must be learned, while the unconditioned response takes place with
no learning.
The conditioned response will only occur after an association has been made between an
unconditioned stimulus and a conditioned stimulus.
Conditioned response is an automatic response established by training to an ordinarily neutral
stimulus.
Conditioned Response Examples
Some examples of conditioned responses include:
Many phobias begin after a person has had a negative experience with the fear object.
For example, after witnessing a terrible car accident, a person might develop a fear of driving.
This fear is a conditioned response.
If your pet is accustomed to being fed after hearing the sound of a can or bag being
opened, he or she might become very excited when hearing that sound. This behavior is a
conditioned response.
Many children receive regular immunizations, and a child may cry as a result of these
injections. In some instances, a child might come to associate a doctor's white jacket with this
painful experience. Eventually, the child might begin to cry whenever he or she sees anyone
wearing a white coat. This crying behavior is a conditioned response.
A person who is bitten by a barking dog may experience feelings of fear and anxiety
whenever he or she hears a barking noise. The fear that people feel when they hear a bark is a
conditioned response.

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING is a very helpful technique especially when it comes to animal

training. (trust me, I'm a psychology graduate and a licensed psychometrician haha)
This technique helps control the behaviors of animals.

A commonly heard word within psychology is “conditioning”. Conditioning is simply a

form of learning, specifically learning through association. There are still several real-world
applications for classical conditioning. One example is that dog trainers use this kind of learning
to help people train their pets. Even so, these techniques are sometimes helpful in the treatment
of phobias or anxiety in humans. In a classroom setting, teachers can apply classical
conditioning by creating an environment that is positive and helps students overcome their fears
and anxieties.