Chapter IV: Discussion of the Study Results

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Chapter Four

Discussion of the Study Results

This chapter presents a systematically organized, interpretation, and

reasonably derived discussion of the results with a support of the available
literature and related studies.
4.1. Nurses Demographic Characteristics
In our findings, out of (100) subject who participated in this study their age
ranged from (20-29) years old and constituted (69%) of the study sample due to
the nature of the nursing profession need to be young to cover all duties in this
units. Present results agree with effectiveness of an educational program on
nurses knowledge about nosocomial infection. Their study that the majority of
nurses at 20-29 years (Jissir and Hassan 2015).
Concerning marital status, a fifty three percent of participants were
married. This result come because most of these age groups are the age of
marriage, especially after the completion of the study and appointment in the
field of nursing. Where the Iraqi young after graduating from the study and the
presence of employment opportunity take the side of marriage. In evaluation of
nurses practices concerning sterile techniques critical care units in Al-Najaf AL-
Ashraff City Hospitals. Results find that the most of participants were married
(Faris and Hassan, 2016).
Regarding the educational attainment, most of nurses were institute
graduated work at prematurity wards for 1-10 years with one time training
course, as being the diploma degree were considered the major proportion of
staff nurses in health organization, due to the large number of institutions that
graduate such degrees. Also, this result come because of the hospital wards are
totally depends on nurses who graduated from nursing institute and nursing
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secondary school while nurses who graduated from nursing college are allocated
in special units as well as they are still in small number compared to other
nurses. Previous studies were in agreement with this result, it consisting with
study as mentioned above, it confirmed that nursing institute degree were
dominantly in study group (40%) (Mariam and Rajiha, 2019).
As well as, the study that conducted at Kerman city in east of Iran, assessed
knowledge, attitude, and performance of nurses toward hand hygiene in
hospitals. They found that the majority of study samples graduated from nursing
institute (Sharif et.al, 2016).
Regarding the nurses years of experience, our findings depicts that a high
percent of the nurses were have (1-10) years experiences in the job as motioned
above, this results com because the leaving a job in prematurity wards  to go into
the nursing assistant field in the office due to very heavy work, and they must
have the proper training to do the work. Or; The few years of nursing experience
in prematurity wards could be explained by the fact that have a frequent rotating
from one unit to another within the hospital. On the other hand, result takes
place because when the nurses are young they will have a greater desire to
develop their information than nurses who are included in higher age group.
4.2. Overall Nurses' Knowledge Regarding Sterile Performance
Nurse's knowledge questionnaire items towards sterile performance, which
classified into 20 items using MCQ questionnaire's items technique which were
classify in to two categories responses, such as " Pass, and Fail". Finding reveals
that the majority of (56%) were pass knowledge of nurses in Hilla City Hospital.
Versos these proportion the (44%) of nurses were fail in a very important
knowledge in the health field. The deficit knowledge pretest regarding t sterile
performance might be due to several reasons; the nurses do not develop and
update their knowledge continuously, most of nurses who work in health
institutions quit book reading so they do not follow up and only indulge in
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nursing practices, consequently they became unable to remember some
information particularly the knowledge that related to sterile performance. the
study of Faris and Hassan (2016), find that (60%) of nurses were sometime
applied the sterile performance.
In Iran to evaluate the nurses practice, knowledge, attitude and self-efficacy
about controlling nosocomial, which revealed that 67.9% of nurses had average
knowledge about infection control . While Suchitra and Devi , (2007) assess
the knowledge, attitudes and practices on 150 different health care workers
about nosocomial infections India , the study shows that 40% of nurses poor
practices toward infection control and prevention protocol
4.3. Relationship between Nurses' Knowledge and their
Demographic Characteristics
There is a non-significant association between them at p-value >0.05
except, with their education attainment, there were significant relationship at p-
value <0.05. The results agree with Suchitra and Devi (2007), who evaluate the
knowledge, attitudes and practices among various categories of health care
workers about nosocomial infections and they found that the educational
level has a positive impact on retention of knowledge, attitudes and practices in
all the categories of health staff.