Erosion & Sediment Control Plan-

Ulu Telom Case Study

Presented by:

PERUNDING AZMAN OOI

& RAO SDN BHD
Objectives

l  To strictly apply proper planning and best

management practices of Erosion and
Sediment Control (ESC) for sustainable
agricultural development at highland areas.
l  To identify issues faced during the project
implementation and the mitigation program
adopted in the development.
 Project Background

l  Lot 451, Mukim Ulu Telom, Bertam Valley, Cameron

Highlands
l  Total development area as approved in DEIA is 63.2
hectares, out of a total 203.4 ha (31% of total Project
area),
–  49.7 ha - farm plots,
–  1 ha - Collection Processing and Packaging Center
(CPPC),
–  0.8 ha - retention ponds,
–  11.7 ha - road reserve.
Key Plan
Approvals

l  DEIA approved by DoE HQ on 11th September 2008:

DoE Ref. No.: AS(PN)11/134/000/019 Jilid 4 (78).

l  EMP Report approved by Pahang DoE on 2nd April

2009: DoE Ref. No.: AS.C (S) 11/115/100/001 (96).

l  ESCP approved by Pahang DID on 16th March 2009.

DID Ref. No.: (19) dlm. PPS/22/04/10.
Existing Condition
l  The project is within abandoned farm land that lies on
a flat terrain hill plateau.

Existing Site Condition (Pre-Development)

25th March 2009
Arial Photograph of Overall Development Site.
Site Condition before being Developed
Area to be developed

abandoned farm with overgrown ground cover

and surrounded by secondary forest
 Existing Stream

STREAM 1

STREAM 2

STREAM 3

•  There are 3 main streams

•  No canalization
•  All the streams drain to Sg. Bertam
•  Flow from South to North
Slope Map of the Project Site

l  The area is hilly with slopes

ranging from 5⁰ to more than 60⁰.
Existing Topography
•  Hilly terrain between 1003 m
(3290 ft ) and 1293 m (4241 ft)
•  3 catchments area
•  Existing network of road
Existing Topography
•  Hilly terrain between 1003 m
(3290 ft ) and 1293 m (4241 ft)
•  3 catchments area
•  Existing network of road
Cross section
EROSION AND SEDIMENT
CONTROL PLAN
SWPPP was developed based on following:-

1.  For WHOM is the plan being written?

Drawing must be readable, practical, easily understood- the contractor
2.  WHO is going to develop the plans?
Designers must have the skills and qualifications to understand what is required
for effective sediment and erosion control
3.  HOW will the plan be implemented
Sufficient guidelines and illustrations must appear in the plans to ensure that
contractors understand how to install and maintain BMP’s
4.  WHEN will the plan be implemented and inspected?
Plans must contain sufficient information to clearly show when BMP’s are to be
installed and what is required for inspection
5.  WHERE will BMP’s be installed?
Plan must identify throughout the construction site where sediment and erosion
control methods might have to be installed
6.  WHY are plans being developed?
Develop plans so that the contractor will able to protect the environment while
construction activities occur.
7. WHAT has been developed?
Plans provide only a conceptual illustration as to how sediment and erosion can
be minimized during construction activities. Assume that onsite revisions will
occur
 PRINCIPLE OF
EROSION &
SEDIMENT
CONTROL

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Key Principles Of Erosion and
Sediment Control

Objective:

v  To minimise short and long term soil

erosion and the adverse effect of
sediment transport.

v  To prevent/ minimise environmental

harm.

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Key Principle Of Erosion and
Sediment Control

l  Key Principle :

1.  Appropriately integrate the development
into the site

Principle 1.1
Developments should aim to utilise the existing topography to
minimize the need for extensive land reshaping and surfaces
modifications

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 Conventional design

Better Site Design

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1) Development to Fit Site

Before
(Plot 34)

After
(Plot 34)
 Before
(Plot 23)

After
(Plot 23)
 Before
(Plot 38)

After
(Plot 38)
Key Principle Of Erosion and
Sediment Control

2.  Integrate Erosion and sediment control

issues into site and construction planning.
Principle 2.1
Ensure the extent and complexity of data collection during the
planning phase is commensurate with the potential
environmental risk, and the extent and complexity of the
soil disturbance

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Principle 2.2
Identify high-risk areas and high-risk construction activities during site planning

26
Slope Map of the Project Site

l  The area is hilly with slopes

ranging from 5⁰ to more than 60⁰.
Existing Topography
•  Hilly terrain between 1003 m
(3290 ft ) and 1293 m (4241 ft)
•  3 catchments area
•  Existing network of road
Existing Topography
•  Hilly terrain between 1003 m
(3290 ft ) and 1293 m (4241 ft)
•  3 catchments area
•  Existing network of road
Key Principle Of Erosion and
Sediment Control

3. Develop effective and flexible Erosion and

Sediment Control Plan based on
anticipated soil, weather and construction
conditions.

Principle 3.1
Appropriately amend the adopted erosion and sediment control
measures, and where appropriate revise the ESCP, if the
implemented works fail to achieve the “objective” of the
ESCP, the required performance standard or the State’s
environmental protection requirement.
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Green  Ma(ress   Silt  Fence  

Hydroseed   Swale  
 VIGROLOG
This application is limited to
stream which has low flow
rate and medium velocity
otherwise it would be washed
away during storm.
 Key Principle Of Erosion and
Sediment Control
4. Minimise the extent and duration of soil
disturbance
Principle 4.1
Construction schedules should aim to minimise the extent to witch and
duration that any and all areas of soil are exposed to the erosive
effects of wind, rain and flowing water

Principle 4.2
Wherever reasonable and practicable, land clearing and site
rehabilitation must be appropriately staged to minimise the duration
of soil exposure and the area of exposure at any given instant

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 Key Principle Of Erosion and
Sediment Control
Principle 4.3
As long as the risk of rainfall or strong winds exist on a site, land disturbance should be
restricted to those areas required for the current stage of works.

Principle 4.4
Wherever reasonable and practicable, major land disturbance should be scheduled for the
least erosive periods of the year

Principle 4.5
Disturbance to high and extreme erosion risk areas should be minimised, if not totally avoided
especially during the most erosive periods of the year.

Principle 4.6
Wherever reasonable and practicable, the disturbance of dispersive or potential acid sulfate
soils should be minimised, if not totally avoided.

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 Key Principle Of Erosion and
Sediment Control

Principle 4.7
Disturbance to the existing ground cover should be delayed as long as possible

Principle 4.8
Construction procedure should aim to minimise the extent of unnecessary soil disturbance
including any disturbance outside the designated work area.

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 Work Done Stages

Months May June July August September October November December January February March
Activity
Wash  Trough
Plot  11
Plot  20
Plot  13
Plot  14
Plot  34
Plot  38
Plot  37
Plot  36
Plot  32
Plot  31
Plot  30
Plot  18
Plot  50
Plot  17
Plot  20
Plot  16
Pond  4
Pond  2
Road  12
Road  18
Road  17
 Key Principle Of Erosion and
Sediment Control
5. Control water movement through the site
Principle 5.1
To the maximum degree reasonable and practicable “clean” water needs to be diverted
around sediment traps in a manner that maximise the sediment trapping efficiency of
the sediment trap
Principle 5.2
On disturbance exceeding 1500m2 construction drainage plan need to be prepared for
each stage of earth works

Figure : example construction drainage plan

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Principle 5.3
The construction schedule an ESCP installation sequence should allow for the
installation of the temporary drainage system and preferably the permanent storm
water drainage system as soon a practicable

Principle 5.4
Long slopes of disturbed or otherwise unstable soils should be divide into small,
manageable drainage area to prevent or minimise soil erosion.

Figure : Typical drainage

terminology and usage within
the agricultural and
construction industries

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Principle 5.5
In region containing dispersive soils, construction detail of drainage systems and bank stabilisation works
need to be demonstrate how to these soils are to be stabilised and/or buried under a layer of non-
dispersive soil.
Principle 5.6
Appropriate outlet scour protection needs to be placed on all stormwater outlet, chutes, spillways and
slope drain to dissipate flow energy and minimise the risk of soil erosion.

Figure : Level Spreader

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6. Minimise Soil Erosion
Principle 6.1
Priority to preventing or minimising soil erosion rather than allowing to
occur erosion and try to trap the resulting sediment.
Principle 6.2
Standard erosion control need to be appropriate for the given soils
properties to environmental harm from turbid runoff

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 Key Principle Of Erosion and
Sediment Control
7. Promptly stabilize disturbed area

Principle 7.1
The ESCP installation sequence need to ensure that soil stabilisation
procedurs, including site preparation and revegetation are commenced
as soon as practicable after each stage of earthworks is complete.
Principle 7.2
Manage top soil appropriately to preserve long term values
Principle 7.3
Plant species need for the site conditions, including compatibility with
local environmental values and anticipated erosive forces

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Stabilised Disturbed Area

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HYRDROSEEDING
 Key Principle Of Erosion and
Sediment Control
8. Maximize sediment retention on the site
Principle 8.1
All reasonable and practicable measures need to be taken to project adjacent properties and
downstream environments from the adverse effect of sediment and sediment laden water displaced
from the site.
Principle 8.2
Work sites must not realy solely on the application of sediment control measures to provide
adequate environmental protection.
Principle 8.3
Sediment control measures need to be appropriate for the given properties expected weather
conditions, required treatment standard and the type, cost and scope of the works.

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 CATCHMENT 1

CATCHMENT 2
 Location of
Retention Ponds
POND 4
POND 2
 Key Principle Of Erosion and
Sediment Control

9. Maintain all ESC measure in proper working order at all

times

“ proper working order” means taking all reasonable and practicable

measures to sustain all ESC measures in condition that :

l Willbe achieve the site required environmental protection, including

specified water quality objective for all discharged water.
l Specified operational standard for each ESC measure
l Prevent for minimise safety risk

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 Key Principle Of Erosion and
Sediment Control

10. Monitor the site and adjust ESC practices to maintain the
required performance standard.

Monitoring the effectiveness of an ESCP through a combination of site

inspection and water quality monitoring is part of responsible site
management.
Capabilities of site management:
1. Understanding of the local environmental values that could potentially be
affected by the proposed works
2. Good working knowledge of the site ESC issue
3. Good working knowledge of current best practices ESC
4. Ability to monitor ,interpret and report on the site’s ESC performance
5. Ability provide advice and guidance on measure an procedure to maintain
the site to achieved the required ESC standard
6. Knowledge the correct installation, operation and procedure ESC
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measured on site.
ON SITE ESCP
List of BMP’s Implemented On Site

Drainage Control Erosion Control Sediment Control

Catch drain Erosion control Buffer zones

Check dams blanket Check dam sediment
Diversion channel Gravelling traps
Slope Drain Revegetation Construction exits
Temporary Surface roughening Rock filter dams
watercourse crossing Sediment basins
Sediment fences
BMP’s Implemented
Work Progress at
Earlier Stage of
Development
(June 2009)
Work Progress in
Earlier Stage of
Development
(June 2009)
 BMPs
Implemented at
Earlier Stage of
Development
(June 2009)
Work Progress
& BMPs
Implemented
during
operational
Stage
(Sept 2010)
Work Progress
& BMPs
Implemented
during
Operational
Stage
(Sept 2010)
Rainwater Harvesting System

-To reduce the abstraction from stream

-To reduce flow rate to pre level due to changes in ground surface
Water Quality Analysis Results
Sampling Points at Site
Sampling Dates and Results
Sampling Dates and Results
Total Suspended Solids
Dissolved Oxygen
TSS Sampling Points

SAMPLING
POINT RP2

SAMPLING
POINT RP4
Sampling Dates and Results

High TSS level in Sept 09 due to land opening of Plot 30. Minimal ESC measures implemented & large area of land opening.
Sampling Dates and Results

High TSS level in Sept 09 due to land opening of Plot 30. Minimal ESC measures implemented & large area of land opening.
Total Suspended Solids
Bill of Quantities for Environmental Items/ESCP

Total
earthworks &
ESC value:
RM 8.68 Mil.
Conclusion

The proposed ESCP has successfully

maintained :
1) TSS to pre development level.
2) Surface runoff to pre development level
THANK YOU

PERUNDING AZMAN OOI

& RAO SDN BHD